US757789A - Elevator brake mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

No.751,vs9. PATBNTED APR. 19, 1904.

A. SUNDH.

ELEVATOR BRAKE MECHANISM.

APPLICATION r11. we. 5. 1903.

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No. 757,789. PATENTED APR. 19, 1 904.

A. SUNDH. ELEVATOR BRAKE MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1903.

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35 ATTORNEY UNITED STATES Patented April 19, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

AUGUST SUNDH, OF YONKERS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW J ERSEY.

ELEVATOR BRAKE MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 757,789, dated April 19, 1904.

Application filed August 5, 1903. Serial No. 168,264. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, AUGUST SUNDH, of Yonkers, Westchester county, New York, have invented a new and useful ImprovementinElevator Brake Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the control of hoisting-gear.

shaft. brake action is obtained, and at the same time the drums are held from any possible to-and- The invention consistsin a double or compound brake mechanism whereby the rotary. force of the motor becomes directly applied to the hoisting-drums through the previous setting of primary brakes upon a frictiondisk carried by the rotary motor-armature In this way an extremely powerful fro rotation after the motor-current is cut off,

so that up-and-down vibration of the elevatorcar at the time of its arrest is prevented.

In the electric brake mechanism as ordinarily constructed the pressure of the shoes on the friction-disk is caused by the pull of a solenoid or electromagnet, and hence is measured by the strength of said magnet. In-my present device the primary brake-pressure upon the friction-disk on the armature-shaft .is normally exerted by springs, and the solenoid is used only to relieve said pressure when the motor is set in motion. With the primary brake-pressure existing, however, the rotation of the friction disk is transmitted to the brake-shoe arms to tilt them, and through this tilting of the arms the secondary brake-g shoes are forced into contact with the peripheries of the hoisting-drums.

In the accompanying drawlngs, Figure 1 1s a transverse section on the line a a of Fig. 2

Similar letters and numbers of reference in' dicate like parts.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of.

The hoisting-cable B is attached at one end to the elevator-car A, then passes over the fixed pulley O, around the two hoisting-drums D E to the fixed pulley F, and is finally secured to the counterweight G, so that by rotating the drums D E in one direction or the other the car is raised or lowered. The middle portion of each drum over which the cable passes is grooved to receive the parts of said cable, the outer peripheral portions H of each drum being cylindrical to afford friction-surfaces. The drums are rotated by means of an electric motor Q, supported on standards I on the bed-plate J. The armature-shaft K of said motor carries a pulley L, which extends between thedrums D and has flanges M, Fig. 4, in frictional contact with the cylindrical portions H of the drums. Hence the rotation of said pulley by the motor is communicated to the two drums D E simultaneously. The shafts N of drums D E are journaled at the ends of arms O, which arms at their lower extremities are pivoted in lugs P on the bedplate J. Said arms therefore afford swinging supports for said drums. Hence under the strain of the cable passing over them said drums are drawn together and their cylindrical peripheries H are pressed strongly against the flanges M of pulley L, said pressure obviously increasing with the load on said cable and insuring ample frictional contact. The arms of each pair carrying a drum are connected by rods R. (Omitted in Fig. The aforesaid construction of the hoistinggear is fully described and claimed by me in another application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 167,747, filed July 31, 1903. V

I will 'now describe the brake mechanism embodying my present invention. v On the armature-shaft K of the motor is a friction-disk 1, upon. the circumferential periphery of which bear' thebrakeshoes 2, pivoted, respectively, in the curved arms 3 4:- Said arms at their lower ends receive a pivotpin 5, Fig. I, which passes through curved slots 6 in the vertical plates 7 of a bracket 8, which bracket is bolted on the under side of the motor-casing. To the upper end of arm 8 is secured a solenoid 9. The core 10 of said solenoid passes freely through an opening in arm 3 and at its other extremity is attached by pivoted rod 11 to the upper extremity of arm 4. Extending through both arms 3 4 is a rod 14, Fig. 2, on which are helicalsprings 12 13, which operate to force the arms inwardly, and sonormally to keep the brake-shoes 2 in contact with friction-disk 1. One end of each spring is connected to its associated arm and the other end to an abutment on the rod 14. The abutment 15 of spring 13 is fixed. The abutment 16 of spring'12 is a movable nut, by adjusting which the pressure exerted by said springs may be regulated. The brakeshoes 2, arms 3 4, and springs 12 13 constitute the primary brake, which is always applied except when the elevator-car is in motion. In order to release it, the solenoid 9 is energized. when the core is moved from the position shown in Fig. 5 to the position shown in Fig. 1, the arms 3 4 being thus separated against the pressure of the springs and the brake-shoes 2 so moved away from the disk periphery.

The secondary brake, now to be described, comes into operation as a consequence of the rotation of the armature while the primary brake is applied. 17 and 18 are brake-shoes which bear upon the cylindrical portions H of the drums. They are pivoted to arms 19 20 of bell-crank levers 21. Said levers are pivoted in lugs 22 on the bed-plate J, and their lower arms 23 are connected by a pivot-pin 24, which is received in lugs carried by a rod 26. This rod enters an aperture in the bedplate and is normally held in its highest position by a surrounding helical spring 28. This results in swinging outwardly the lever-arms 19 20 and so removing the brake-shoes from contact with the drum-periphery. To the upper end of each arm 19 20 is attached a cord 29. Said cord passes over pulleys 30 in a fixed bracket 33, secured to the upper side of the motor-casing. Above said bracket and held in place by the guides 34 is a sliding bar 35 to a pin 36, on which the ends of the cords 29 are attached. (See Figs. 1 and 6.)

The primary brake-arms 3 4 extend upwardly through an opening in the bracket 33, Fig. 4, which opening is of sufficient size to allow them to be jointly tilted, as shown in Fig. 5. The arm 3 has a projection 37, which is connected by a link 38, Fig. 6, to the pin 36, which protrudes on the rear side of sliding bar 35. Referring now to Fig. 5, it will be obvious that if by any means the primary brake-arms 3 4 are tilted, as shown, motion will be communicated by link 38 to sliding bar 35 to move said bar to the left, thus applying strain to cords 29, which in turn draw inward the arms 19 20, and so cause the brakeshoes 17 18 to be forced against the drum peripheries. This tilting of the primary brakearms 3 4 is effected by the rotation of the friction-disk 1, impressing its motion upon the brake-shoes carried by said arms, and its extent is limited by the length of the cords 29-that is to say, the primary brake being applied by the action of springs 12 13 the frictional contact of the rotating disk 1 with the brake-shoes 2 tilts the arms 3 4 in the direction of rotation of said pulley, (see arrow, Fig. 5,) and so through the cords 29 applies the secondary brake-shoes 17 18 to the drums. Hence while the pressure exerted by the primary brake-shoes 2 on disk 1 is that due to the springs 12 13 the pressure exerted by the secondary brake-shoes 17 18 on the drums is that due to the rotative force of the motor and is very much greater, so that, in other words, the primary brake not only acts as a retarding device for the motor, but also as a means of setting in operation the secondary brake, which acts powerfully and directly as a retarding device upon the hoisting-drums.

I will now describe the electrical devices whereby the apparatus is operated from the elevator-car, referring for this purpose to Fig. 3, where the parts are diagrammatically represented.

The motor-field is connected in the usual way by wires it it to the positive and negative main terminals, a hand-switch i being interposed. The motor-armature in shunt is connected to the wires 7' 7", from which the solenoid 9 is in a branch 7t- 71;. At 0 and p are solenoids respectively controlling pairs of circuit-closing bars a a and w w. One pair of terminals of said solenoids are connected by wire q to the negative main it. The other pair connect by wires 7* '1" to contact-plates .v .s", from either of which circuit proceeds by the pivoted lever t to the positive main /1..

The operation is as follows: The switch'i being closed, circuit is established by t 11. through the motor-field. Assume the lever L to make contact with 5-. Circuit then proceeds by wire 7" to solenoid p, to wire I and negative main it. Solenoid p lifts its contactbars a and a. Circuit is then established from positive main it by wire 4), through bar a, to wire j, to the motor-armature, to wire 7", to bar a, and by wire 2/ to negative main. The armature is thus set rotating, and at the same time circuit is established in solenoid 9 through branch his, to release the primary brake. To apply the compound brake, circuit is broken by moving switch-lever 6 from contact .3. Solenoid 9 is thus deenergizcd, and at the same time the armature-circuit is opened. The springs 12 13 force the brake-shoes 2 against frictiondisk 1, and the consequent tiltingof the arms 3 4 forces the brake-shoes 17 18 against the drumperipheries H. To actuate the motor-armature in the opposite direction and at the same time release the primary brake, the switchlever t is moved to contact with .5". Circuit then proceeds by wire '1' to solenoid 0 and by wlre Q to negative main. Solenoid 0 then hits therewith and movable in the direction of rotation of said member, a second rotary memrams?) its eontactbais 2/) w. Circuit is thus established from positive main h by wire 2;, through bar to, to wire j, to the motor-armature, to wire j, to bar 10, and by wire o. to negative main, also, as before, by branch Z2 is to solenoid 9 to release the primary brake. The compound brake is applied, as before, by breaking circuit at s; but the tilting of the arms 3 1 is of course in the opposite direction. Hence the switch-lever tmay be moved to s to cause the elevator-car-to rise and to s to cause it to descend, while toapply. the compound brake it may be moved to its middle or non-contact position, as shown in Fig. 3.

In order to prevent shock in the application of the brake-shoes 17 18, I may interpose in the cords 29 helical springs 31, as shown in 29, and hence the spring 28 forces up arms 23 of bell-crank levers 21, and so moves theshoes 17 18 away from the drums. It will further be apparent that when the compound brake is applied the pressure ofthe shoes 17 18 on the drums tends to force said drums still more strongly against their driving-pulley L, and

hence the drums in turn act as a brake to'arrest the rotation of the motor-armature.

I claim- 1. A moving member, a brake associated therewith and movable in the direction of motion of said member, and a second brake ac tuated by the impressed motion of said first brake due to its frictional contact with said member.

2. A moving member, a second moving member actuated by the first, a brake associated with the first meniber and movable in the direction of motion thereof and a brake associated with the second member and actuated by the impressed movement of said first brake due to its frictional contact with said first member. y

3. A rotary member, a brake associated ber, a brake associated therewith and means for moving said second brake into operative on, a support for said brake constructed to move around the axis of said member and a second brake actuated by the impressed movement of said support due to frictional engagement of said. brake with said member.

6. A rotary shaft, a friction-pulley and a" friction-disk on said shaft, a brake associated with said friction-disk and movable in the direction of rotation thereof, a pulley driven by said friction-pulley and a brake associated with said driven pulley and actuated by the impressed'movement of said first brake due to frictional engagement of said firstbrake and said friction-disk.

7. A hoisting-drum, a rotary friction-pulleyf-or actuating the same,a brake constructed to retard the motion of said pulley and movable around the axis thereof and a second brake constructed to act upon said drum and operated by the impressed rotary movement of said first brake.

8. A rotary shaft, a friction-disk thereon arms connected at one end by a joint and embracing said disk, brakes on said arms bearing on said disk, a spring for normally forc- "ing said arms together and thereby movmg said brakes into contact with said disk, a solenoid supported on the free end of one of said arms and having its core connected to the free end of the other arm and constructed when energized to separate said arms and relieve the brake-pressure.

9. A rotary shaft, a mechanism driven thereby, a friction-disk on said shaft,a frame embracing said disk, brakes supported in said frame and bearing on said disk, a support for said frame constructed to-permit the same to tilt in the direction of rotation of said disk anda retarding device associated with said driven mechanism and actuated by the tilting of said frame due to frictional engagement of said brakes.

10. A rotary shaft, a mechanism driven thereby, a friction-disk on said shaft, arms connected by a joint at one end and embracing said disk, brakes supported on said arms and bearing on said disk, means for opening and closing said arms to release or apply said brakes, a support for said arms constructed to permit the same to tilt in the direction .of rotation of said disk, and a retarding device associated with said driven mechanism and actuated by thetilting of said arms due to frictional engagement of said brakes.

11. A rotary shaft, a mechanism driven thereby, a friction-disk on said shaft, arms connected by a joint at one end and embracing said disk, brakes supported on said arms and bearing onsaid disk, a spring for closing said arms and applying said brakes, an electromagnetic device for separating said arms and releasing said brakes, a support for said arms constructed to permit the same to tilt in the direction of rotation of said disk and a retarding device associated with said driven mechanism and actuated by the tilting of said, arms due to frlctional engagement of said -motor-shaft and acting on said drum.

15. In a hoisting-gear in combination with a motor a hoisting-drum and friction driving-gear interposed between the motor-shaft and drum, a retarding device acting on the motor-shaft, a retarding device acting on the drum and means for conjointly actuating said retarding devices.

16. A motor, a hoisting drum actuated thereby, a primary brake acting on the motorshaft, a secondary brake acting on the hoisting-drum and means for actuating the secondary brake through the application of the primary brake.

17. A motor, a hoisting-drum actuated thereby a primary brake acting on the motorshaft, and movable in the direction of rotation thereof, a secondary brake acting on the hoisting-drum and means for actuating the secondary brake by the impressed movement of the primary brake.

18. In a hoisting-gear, an electric motor, a brake on the motor-shaft, a hoisting-drum, friction driving-gear between said drum and said motor, a brake on said drum and means for simultaneously applying said brakes and cutting off current to the motor.

19. In a hoisting-gear, an electric motor, a brake on the motor-shaft, a hoisting-drum, friction driving-gear between said drum and said motor, a brake on said drum and means for simultaneously releasing said brakes and establishing current to the motor.

20. In a hoistinggear, an electric motor, an electrically-governed brake on the motorshaft, a hoisting-drum actuated by said motor, a brake on said drum controlled by said shaftbrake, and means for simultaneously establishing current in said motor and releasing said shaft-brake.

21. In a hoisting-gear, an electric motor, an electrically-governed brake acting on the motor-shaft, a hoisting-drum actuated by said shaft, a brake acting on said hoisting-drum and mechanically actuated by said first brake and a device for conjointly controlling said last-named brake and motor.

22. In a hoisting-gear, a movably-supported hoisting-drum, a friction driving-pulley acting on one side of said drum, a stationary support for said pulley, a brake acting on the opposite side of said drum and operating to move said drum against said pulley, and means for simultaneously cutting off power from said pulley and applying said brake.

23. In a hoisting-gear, two movably-supported hoisting-drums, an electric motor, a friction-pulley driven by said motor and interposed between and acting on both of said drums, brakes acting on the outer sides of said drums and operating to force the same against said pulley and means for simultaneously cutting off current to said motor and applying said brakes.

24. An electric motor, a hoisting mechanism actuated thereby, retarding devices associated respectively with said mechanism and the motor-shaft, and means for simultaneously admitting current to said motor and releasing said retarding devices.

25. An electric motor, a hoisting mechanism actuated thereby, retarding devices associated respectively with said mechanism and the motor-shaft and means for simultaneously cutting off current to said motor and applying said retarding devices.

26. An electric motor, a hoisting-drum actuated thereby, retarding devices associated respectively with said drum and the shaft of said motor and means for controlling the direction of motion of said motor and the opera tion of said retarding devices.

27. In combination with an elevatorcar and hoisting-gear, an electric motor, a hoistingdrum actuated thereby, retarding devices associated respectively with said drum and the motor-shaft, and means governed from said car for electrically controlling the direction of motion of said motor and simultaneously releasing said retarding devices upon the starting of said motor in either direction.

28. In combination with an elevator-car and hoisting-gear, an electric motor, a hoistingdrum actuated thereby, retarding devices associated respectively with said drum and the motor-shaft, and means governed from said car for cutting off current to said motor and simultaneously setting said retarding devices in operation.

29. An electric motor, a mechanism actuated thereby, retarding devices associated respectively with said mechanism and said motor, means for establishingcm'rent in the motor-field and means for electrically controlling the direction of current in said motor-armature and the operation of said retarding devices.

30. The combination of a rotary shaft, a friction-disk thereon, brakes bearing on said disk, a frame embracing said disk carrying said brakes and rotatable about the axis of said disk, a sliding bar moved by said frame, a friction-pulley on said shaft, a hoisting-drum actuated by said pulley, a movable brake conacting on said lever normally to hold said brake away from said drum and means for actuating said lever to move said brake against said drum controlled by said sliding bar.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

v AUGUST SUNDH.

' Witnesses:

I. A. VAN WART, J. LOESOH.

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