US1114180A - Elevator. - Google Patents

Description

C. 0. PEARSON.

BLEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED'APR. 14. 190B.

Patented 0013.20, 1914.

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IH: MORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTUALITHJ., WASHINGTON. D, 1.v

C. 0. PEARSON.

BLBvAToB.

v APPLICATION FILED APR. 14. 1908 l, 1 l 4,180. Patented 0613.20, 1914.

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THE MORRIS PETERS 50 PHorn-IJTHD.. WASHINGTDN. '1v z..

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G. O. PEARSON.

ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1908. 1,1 14, 180. Patented oct. 2o, 1914.

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THE NCIRRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTU-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D. l..

CHARLES O. PEARSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 14, 1903.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

Serial No. 427,052.

'0 all t0/tom it may concern Be it known that I, CHM-:Lus O. PnARsoN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elevators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to elevators and especially to certain constructions and arrangements which I have devised for insuring the safe operation of such apparatus.

I will describe iny invention in the following specification and point out the novel features thereof in claiins.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of an elevator hoisting apparatus and associated parts together with certain electrical apparatus and circuits forming a part of the elevator. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the hoisting apparatus shown in F ig. l. Fig. 8 is a sectional side elevation of one of the overhead sheaves shown in Fig. l. Fig. l is a side elevation of an elevator apparatus siini lar to that illustrated in Fig. l, showing on a` smaller scale a different arrangement of the parts. Fig. 5 is a sectional end elevation of soine of the parts shown in Fig. 4, the section being taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. fl. Fig. 6 is a siinilar View on a smaller scale of like parts somewhat differently arranged. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of another typc of elevator hoisting engine with its connected car and counterweight showing the present invention applied thereto. Fig. 8 is a sectional end elevation of certain of the parts shown in Fig. 7, the section being taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 a sectional side elevation of a modified forni of the driving sheave and auxiliary sheave of the elevator hoisting apparatus which is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. l() is a front elevation of a portion of an elevator car with a safety device thereon, together with certain connections between the safety device and the hoisting ropes or cables, and the auxiliary safety rope which is used in this system. .Figll is a Sid@ elQWOH @if this car and safety device and its connected parts. Fig. l2 is a bottoni plan view of the car safety device. Fig. 13 is a front elevation, and Fig. 1+i is a side elevation, partly in section, of a counterweight with a safety device thereon, together with its connected parts.

Lilie characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

10 designates the base or foundation of vergized.

20 designates an auxiliary sheave situated directly below the traction sheave l2. This auxiliary sheave is loosely journaled in a lever 2l which is pivoted at 21A in a bracket 22 depending from the base lO. The free end of this lever is supported by a spring 23 which is held in place by a stationary rod 24 and which inay be adjusted by ineans of nuts 26 is a brake-member arranged with two braking surfaces which are so constructed that they inay act under certain conditions upon both the traction sheave l2 and the auxiliary sheave 20. This braking nieinber normally rests upon the periphery or flanges of the auxiliary sheave Z0 and is held in place by a pivoted arin 27.

30 designates one or incre hoisting ropes or cables which, after passing under the traction sheave l2, are carried up over a pair of sheaves 3l and 32 situated at the upper end of the elevator shaft. Thence these ropes or cables pass down to the car A0 and the counterweight 50, to both of which they are connected. A

33 is an auxiliary safety rope which is lines l0.

also connected with both the car and counteriveight. This safety rope, in the arrangement shown in Figs. l and 2, is carried doivn under. the auxiliary sheave 2O somewhat loosely. rlhe flange of this auxiliary sheave is constructed to form a deep annular groove 28 for the purpose ot receiving and guiding this rope. lf more than one of these auxiliary safety ropes are used the liange of the sheave 2O may be provided With a Wider rope groove corresponding in ividth With the number of safety ropes as is shown in Fig. 9.

and designate mains from a suitable source of electrical supply Which, after passing through a safety cut-out switch G0, are connected with one of the ield terminals of motor ll and with certain stationary contacts of an electrically actuated reversing switch 6l. The positive or -fmain is also connected by a conductor 62 With the lever 63 of a controlling switch in the car. The negative or main is connected through solenoid windings @et and 65 of solenoids which form part ot' the reversing svfitch mechanism, and conductors GG and G7 with stationary contacts GS and 69 of the carsWitch. It may be seen that When the lever 63 is moved to the right, a circuit is closed thereby through the solenoid Winding G4 and ,the lett-hand port-ion of the reversing switch which is actuated thereby. rlhis will close circuits through the iields of the motor, through the armature ot the motor in one direction, and also through the Winding of the brake magnet 1S which is shown con- Vnected across the armature leads by dotted This Will cause the motor to revolve in one direction to drive the car through traction sheave 12 and hoisting ropes 30. rlhis operation will continue until the circuits are broken by the operator returning the cansuf'itch lever to its central position or by other means. lVhen this is done, the motor current will be cut oil, the brake applied, and the apparatus will come to rest. Similarly, When the car-sivitch le ver 63 is moved to the lett, the right-hand portion of `the reversing switch will be actuated to close the motor and brake circuits. But in this case the motor armature Will receive current in the opposite direction, and its rotation and the movement ot the car will be opposite to that obtained by the previously described operation.

During the above operations, the auxiliary safety rope and its associated parts perform no function. The safety rope is connected in parallel With the hoisting` ropes and runs with them, but it is not under tension and therefore does not assist them in their Work. lf however, the hoisting ropes break, .become detached from their anchorages, `or become unduly elongated from any cause, the Weight of the car and counterveio'nt is then thi-onu The ti y "liese part ihe strain onto Aie auniliary st elliect this will be d prevent them from Weis/ht oi" the and couutciweight L. `earVv foward until this movement is checked ey the lnalre-ineinber e Thus not only produces the required brel;- ing eiiect upon the driving sheave, but it also holds` the ca les and the parts which they still support after a break has occurred.

in Fig. l, a VFlexible connection 29 is shown between the tree end ot' the o lever :2l and the sa cut-oil switch GO. lt is obrious that these parts are so arranged that Whenever the lever 2l is ctuated by 'the auxiliary scicty rope, as above described, the Sivit-h thereby to cut on th the motor and tue terially to the i paratus.

ln -Eig. 4 the motor is pair of traction sheaves `which the hoisting usual manner. ln se "he auxiliary safety rope is confected with the car and ccuntervfeight as before, but it is supported by trio auxiliary over read sheares Bit and mounted upon a lever Si, one end of which is pivoged at and the other which is supported by compression 256 of sutlicient to maintain of' the lever, tl auxiliary atety rope. i

Will be pulled open e electrical supply from bralre, thus addi p ng ivorlnng ot the apfearel to drive a 2^" and 12B over i run in the oetivecn the shea* .vf 3l anc 51A. f this alremembei is pivoted its other end uglielL by spring 33 so normally remanis ay between pcrip ieries ot the tivo sheaves. iinother brake-member 2GB is similarly held between the sheaves and 32A by a spring lt may be seen that in case the Weight ot the car and counteriveignt is thrown upon the safety rope the etlect of the springs 3G, Ela and ivill be overcome and the she 2 and 82"* u'ill ie pulled doivn ag the with the brake-members The effect of this will be similar to that described in connection vvi'th the other arrangement oi the parts and the car and counteru'eight `{rill be gradually brought to rest.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 6 is that used vwhen the motor 1l and the driving sheave 12 are placed at the top of the elevator shaft. The auxiliary safety rope 33 is here led over a sheave 31B directly above the traction sheave 12 upon a pivoted lever 34 with the brake-member 26C between them. The latter is shown supported in this case upon two compression rings 38A.

The operation of this device is obvious from the former descriptions.

In Fig. 7 the motor 11 is geared to drive a winding drum 12C. One of the hoisting ropes 30A is secured to this drum and to the car 40 while another hoisting rope 30B is connected with the counterweightand with the drum around which it is wound in the opposite direct-ion. The auxiliary safety rope 33 is led under the brake-member 26D, under the winding drum, although it is evident that the arrangement of overhead sheaves and brake-members illustrated in Fig. 4 may, if desired, be used in conjunction with this type of elevator.

Referring now to Figs. 10 and 11, I will shew the preferred manner of connecting the ropes to the car 40. The hoisting ropes 30 maybe directly affixed to any desired portion of the car, as, for example, the crosshead to which they are shown fastened in the drawings. The auxiliary safety rope 33 is, however, connected with a lever 41 which is pivo-ted to the car at 41A. The spring 41B interposed between the top of lever 42 and the cross-head of the car tends to. keep the lever and its connected parts in their lowermost positions. This spring is of sufficient ystrength to be unaffected by the usual pulling strains upon the rope 33 caused by the running of the car. 42 is a vertical rod depending from the outer end of lever 41. The lower end of this rod is constructed to form a flat blade which fits loosely into the periphery of a disk 43 which is afiixed to a rotatable shaft 44. designates gripping aws which are pivotally connected with the car and arranged to be forced onto the elevator guide-rails 40", by means of a powerful spring 46. acting through jaw actuating members 47. The latter are mounted upon levers 4S which are pivoted at 48A, and their outer ends are connected with the rotatable disk 43 by means of connecting rods 49 and the shaft 44.

The above parts comprise a car safety device which may beset by compressing the spring 46 until the parts may be moved back into the positions illustrated in the drawings, when the flat blade of the lower end of vertical rod 42 may be led into the groove in the periphery of the disk 43 to lock and hold the parts as shown. New, whenever the weight or' the car or counterweight comes onto the auxiliary safety rope 33, the lever 41 and rod 42 will be pulled up thereby and the spring 46 will be released to force the clamping jaws onto the guiderails 40A. This will obviously have a braking effect upon the movement of the car and tend to hold the car on the guide-rails.

A similar safety device to that above described is connected with the counterweight 50 to clamp it to the guide-rails 50A, and in Figs. 13 and 14 the reference numerals 51-55 and 59 designate similar parts to those above specifically pointed out in connection with the car. The operation of this counterweight safety device is also similar to that above described, and it may be seen that rthe two safety devices act simultaneously to clamp their respective parts of the apparatus to the guide-rails and that at the same time the motive power is shut off from the hoisting engine and a powerful braking force is applied to the auxiliary safety rope and to so much of the hoisting ropes as remain intact and connected with their connected parts.

The objectof this invention is to provide an elevator system with safety appliances which are thoroughly reliable and which will prevent the falling of the car or its counterweight without adding undue strain to the structure or apparatus. In this connection it is pointed out that there is a positive connection between the car and its counterweight so that the weight of neither has to be sustained alone upon the guides. The safety appliances will act simultaneously at all the important portions of the system, but none of them is too sudden in its effect to put undue strains upon the apparatus or to produce serious jarring to passengers upon the car.

This invention is especially adaptable for use in conjunction with tractio-n or rope drive elevators.

This type of elevator apparatus has many advantages over other systems, but hitherto has been open to the serious objection of being more dangerous than others. The invention is also adaptable to other types of elevators as I have shown and described, and is also capable of many modifications such, for example, as these illustrated in the drawings.

What I claim is 1. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a driving sheave, a car, a counterweight, a hoisting rope emn'iectingl the car and the counterweight with the drivingsheave, a safety rope connected with the car and counterweight, a second sheave around which the safety rope is arranged to run in alinement with the driving sheave, and a brake-member between said sheaves.

2. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a driving sheave, a car. a counterweight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and the counterweight with the driving' sheave, an idle safety-rope connected with the car and the counterweight, a second sheave around which the safety rope is arranged to run, a inovable bearing for said sheave, and a brake-member between the driving sheave and the safety rope sheave; said second sheave and brake-member being so arranged that a tensional strain upon the safety rope niay nieve the position of the safety rope sheave and brale-nieinber to apply the brake-member to both of the sheaves.

'3. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a driving sheave, a stationary bearing therefor, a car, a countervveight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and the counteriveight with the driving sheave, an idle safety rope connected vvith the car and the counterweight and running With thein, a second sheave around which the safety rope is arranged to run, a movable bearing for said second sheave, and a brake-member betiveen the vdriving sheave and the second sheave, said second sheave and brake-member being so arranged that a tensional strain upon the safety rope niay move the positions of the second sheave and the brake-member to apply the latter to both of the sheaves.

el. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a driving sheave, a car, a counterWeight, a hoisting rope connecting said car and countervveight vvith the driving sheave, and a safety rope arranged to suspend the car and countervveight and to brake the hoisting apparatus if the hoisting rope should fail.

5. ln an elevator, hoisting apparatus comprising a driving` sheave, a brake therefor, a car, a counterweight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and counterweight With the driving sheave, and an idle safety rope arranged to suspend the Car and countervveight and to apply said brake to the driving sheave if tae hoisting rope should fail.

6. ln an elevator', a hoisting apparatus 'on'iprising a inotor and a driving sheave, a v

bralfe for said driving sheave, a car, a counter eight, a hoisting rope connecting the 'car and counterweight vcith the driving sheave and driven through said sheave by the ino-tor, and a slack safety rope indirectly driven by said motor and arranged to suspend the car and countervveight, and to apply said brake to the driving sheave if the ioisting rope should fail.

7. ln an elevator, a car, a countervveight, a Vhoisting rope connecting said car and countern'eight, a sheave around which said rope is arranged to run, a safety rope connected with the car and the countervveight, a second sheave around Which the safetv re )e is arranged to run, a brake nieinber betvveen said sheaves,-said brake nieinber being arranged to engage Wit-h the hoisting rope upon its sheave and with the safety rope sheave, said safety rope sheave and brake-member being arranged to be moved by the safety rope Whenever tensienal strain is put upon it to thereby apply the brakeineinber -to the hoisting rope sheave through the hoisting rope and to the safety rope sheave.

8. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a driving sheave, a stationary bearing therefor, a car, a countern'eight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and the counterweight with the driving sheave, an idle safety rope connected with the car and the oounterweight and running with thein, a second sheave around Which the safety rope is arranged to run, a movable bearing for said second sheave, and a bralieaneinber between the driving sheave and the second sheave, said brake-member being arranged to engage With the hoisting rope upon the driving sheave and with the second sheave; said second sheave and brake-member being arranged to be noved by the safety rope Whenever tensional strain is put upon it to thereby apply the brake-member to the driving sheave through the hoisting rope and to said second sheave.

9. In an elevator, a car, a safety device on the car, a counteriveight, a safety device on the eounteriveight, a hoisting rope supporting said car and count'riveight, a driving sheave around which said rope is arranged to run, a safety rope connecting the car safety device and the counteriveight safety device, a second sheave in alinenient with said driving sheave around which the safety rope is arranged to run, a single brakenieniber between and in alineinent With said sheaves havin@ directlv opposed friction t) u L surfaces, and means actuated by the safety rope Whenever tensional strain is put upon it for actuating the safety devices and for applying' the brale-i'ne'inber to bo'th of the sheaves.

10. n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a driving sheave, a. stationary ineinber therefor, a car, a safety device on the car, a counterweight, a safety device on the cc-unterweight, a hoisting rope connectino' the car and the counteriveight with the driving sheave and arranged to support said oar and counterweight, an idle safety rope connecting the car safety device and the counteriveight safety device, and running Withvthe car and counter'vveight, a second sheave around .vhich the safety rope is arranged to run, a movable bearing for said ,ano sheave, a bral o-iieniber between the driving sheave and the second sheave, and ineans actuated by the safety rope Whenever tensional strain is put upon it for actuating said safety devices and inoving the positions of the second sheave and the brakenieinber to apply the latter to both of said sheaves.

. ln an elevator, a hoisting' apparatus 1g a motor, a car, a countervveight, rope connecting said ar and counterweight, a sheave around which said hoisting rope is arranged to run, said sheave being driven by the motor, a safety rope connected with the car and the counterweight, a sheave on which the safety rope is arranged to run, a brake-member between said she-ves, and means actuated by the safety rope for cutting off power from the mctor and applying said brahe member to the sheaves whenever tensional strain is put upon the safety rope.

12. 11i an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a motor and a dr' Ting sheave, a car, a counter-weight, a hoisting rope connecting said car and counterweight with tho driving sheave, a safety rope arranged to suspend the car and counterweight and to bralre the hoisting apparatus if the hoisting ropeshould fail, and means actuated by said safety rope for cutting off power from the motor,

13. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a motor and a driving sheave, a bralie for said motor, a car, a counterweight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and co-unterweight with the driving sheave, an idle safety rope arranged to suspend the car and counterweight and to apply said brake to the driving sheave, and means actuated by said safety rope for cutting olf power from the motor if the hoisting rope should fail.

14. 1n an elevator', a hoisting apparatus comprising an electricmotor and a driving sheave, a. car, a hoisting rope connectin the car with the driving sheave and sustaining the car, an idle safety rope associated with said parts and arranged to sustain the car if the hoisting rope fails, and means actuated by said safety rope for cutting oif the electrical power from the motor whenever tensional strain is put upon the safety rope.

15. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising an electric motor, a driving sheave, and an electrically actuated bra-ke for said apparatus; a car, a counterweight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and counterweiglit with the driving sheave, a safety rope arranged to suspend the car and counterweight if the hoisting rope should fail, and means actuated by said safety rope for cutting off the power from the motor and for applying said brake to the driving sheave.

16. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising an electric motor, a driving sheave, and an electrically actuated brake for said apparatus; electrical circuits for the motor and brake, a switch in said circuits, a car, a counterweight, a hoisting rope connecting the car 'and counterweight with the driving' sheave and driven through said sheave by the motor, a slaclr safety rope also driven by said motor and arranged to sus- 17. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a motor, a car, a hoisting rope connecting the car with the hoisting apparatus, a safety device on the car, a slack safety rope connecting the car safety device with the hoisting apparatus and arranged to suspend the car, cut off the power' from the motor and apply said safety device if Vthe hoisting rope should fail.

18. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising a motor, a car, a counterweight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and the counterweight with the hoisting apparatus, a safety device on the car, a safety device on the counterweight, a slack safety rope connecting the car safety device with the counter weight safety device and arranged to suspend the car, cut off the power from the motor and apply said safety devices if the hoisting rope should fail.

19. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising an electric motor and a driving sheave, a car, a safety device on the car, a counterweight, a safety device on the counterweight, a hoisting rope connecting said car and counterweight with the driving sheave, a safety rope connecting the car safety device and the counterweight safety device, a second sheave upon which the safety rope is arranged to run, a brakeineinber between said sheave and the driving sheave, said second sheave and brake member being arranged to be moved by the safety rope whenever tensional strain is put upon it to thereby apply the brake-member to both of the sheaves, and means actuated by the safety rope for actuating the safety devices and for cutting off power from the motor.

20. 1n an elevator, a hoisting apparatus comprising an electric motor, a driving sheave, a stationary bearing therefor, an electrically controlled bralre, circuits for the motor and the brake; a car, a safety device on the car, a counterweight, a safety device on the countrweight, a hoisting rope connecting the car and the counterweight with the driving sheave and arranged to support said car and counterweight, an idle safety rope connecting the car safety device and the counterweight safety device and running with the car and counterweight, a second sheave upon which the safety rope is arranged to run, a movable bearing for said second sheave, a brake-member between the driving sheave and the second sheave, said second sheave and brake-member being arranged to be moved and the safety devices arranged to be actuated by the safety rope whenever tensional strain is put upon it to apply the brake-'member to both of n testimony whereof I have signed my' said sheaves and to stop the car and the name to this specification in the gresence countei'weight, a cut-out switch for cutting of two subscribing witnesses.

off power from the motor and the brake, CHARLES O. PEARSON.

- said safety device actuating means and cut- Tv/'itnessesz out switch being also actuated by the safety- ERNEST V. MARSHALL, rope. I ELLA LUCY.

Copies of this patent mais7 be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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