US753707A - Fireproof building block or slab. - Google Patents

Description

No. 753,707. PATENTED MAR. 1, 1904. R. ILLEMANN. IIREPRO0I- BUILDING BLOCK 0R SLAB.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 1, 1903.

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PATENTBD MAR. 1., 1904.

R. ILLEMANN. FIREPROOF BUILDING BLOCK 0R SLAB.

APPLIOATIUN FILED JUNE 1, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H0 .MODEL UNITED. STATES- Patented.l March 1, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT ILLEMANN, OE LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGN OR TO FREDERICK MALCOLM HURDIS JONES, OF KENTISH TOWN, COUNTY OF LONDON,

ENGLAND.

FIREPRooF BUILDING BLoCK on SLAB.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 753,70'7dated March 1, 1904.

Application iled J' une 1, 1903. Serial No. 159,703. (N o model.)

To all whom it may concern: y

Be it known that I, ROBERT ILLEMANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at 371 Euston road, London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fireproof Building Blocks or Slabs for Walls, Ceilings, Partitions, and the Like; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as wil-l enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Blocks or slabs to be used for the purpose of building walls, partitions, ceilings, and the like have been made inthe form of rectangular blocks or slabs of sulicient thickness arranged in rows edgewisev above one another vertically,` so as to form4 a surface of any desired size, grooves semicircular inplan being made inthe verticalfedges of each slab, sothat when tted together they'form vertical cylindrical holes into which suitable liquid cement is'pou'red. The slabs are arranged 'so that their vertical edges break joint with each other, and a cylindrical vertical' hole is also made through thefcenter of each slab, so that when the slabs are arranged to break joint as described the cylindrical hole through the center of each slab comes directly above the holes formed by the semicircular grooves in the ends of the adjoining slabs above and below, continuous holes being thus formed from top to bottom of the wall or other surface. Through some of these'holes bolts are passed. The slabs have also been formed with a central groove along one Vof their horizontal edges and a corresponding rib along the other horizontal edge. This method of construction and arrangement, however, has some disadvantages, especially in the slabs not being suiflciently strongly held together transversely, while the plain columns of cement in the vertical holes are insufficient to firmly hold the several courses ot' the slabs together vertically, and my present invention has .for its object to provide reproof slabs for walls,

partitions, ceilings, andthe like, by means movably iixed and locked in every direction. The accompanying drawings are in illustration of my invention.

Figure l is a side'view of a slab used in` building a wall. Fig. 2 is aV view of the same from above, and Eig. 3 an end view. Fig.I t

` the slab. y

The blocks are formed of any suitable `material or composition-such, for instance, as

plaster-of-paris-capable of setting into'a perL fectly hard state when dry, which is poured, in a more or less liquid state, into molds, from which when dry and set hard the slabs or blocks are removed ready for use.

I manufacture each block, as shown in the `figures, rectangular 1in shape uponits front and back faces a and and of suitable thick- .ness anddimensions,y and upon its upperv l'ongitudinal edge I form projections 'cc c, extending through haliI the thickness of the slab from the front and back, respectively, and

vprojectingvertically upward for a jsuiiicient height. Two of these projections are formed above the front face of the slab, each projecj tion being about one-quarter of the length of the slab and leaving a central space of the same length between their ends, so that their outer ends are Veach one-eighthvof the length of the slab from the ends of the latter. Similar projections (see c- 0 c) are made at the j top of the back face of the slab and they alternate with those at th'e front, so that there is one at the center having a vacant space of equal length at each end ,and a projection at veach end of the slab equal to haltl the length of the central projection, or one-eighth ofthe entire length of the slab.

The lower edge of the slab isprovided with downward projections similar to those above, but also arranged alternately and so that each projection is directly below a corresponding vacant space between the projections in the upper edge. By the method of construction described when the several slabs are tted together one above the other upon their edges the projection c below the upper slab iits into the spaces between the projections c above the lower slab upon both edges, and as the projections and spaces upon those at one edge alternate with and are opposite to those upon the other edge all the slabs are securely and immovably interlocked together, so that they cannot move from each other either transversely or longitudinally, and a solid flat wall or surface is obtained alike upon both sides. The at wall or surface so obtained may be of any desired dimensions, and obviously it may not only be used in a vertical position to form Walls or partitions, but horizontally for ceilings or the like or in any desired inclined position.

At each vertical edge of the slab I make a central vertical recess d, so that when the ends of two slabs adjoin each other the two recesses form avertical hole, and I also make vertical holes CZ through the center of each projection and each intermediate vacant space. All these vertical holes, both in the body of the slabs and at their edges from top to bottom of the wall, are then iilled with liquid cement, which when set hard makes the entire wall practically a solid block.

I do not make the central vertical holes through the slabs and at their ends plain or simply cylindrical on their inner surface, but I form them with one or more helical recesses forming a hollow screw or-screws e, into which the liquid cement is poured, so that when it is set hard it forms a solid screw fitting accurately into (so as practically to form a part of) the helical recesses or screw-threads in the holes through the slabs and at their ends, and the strength of the entire mass is in this way greatly increased.

Instead of running vertically through the slabs the holes with interior helical recesses may be made more or less diagonal. Any

number of helical recesses may be made and of any desired pitch and shape in section, and instead of forming parallel screw-threads the latter may be of greater diameter at one end than at the other end, so as to form hollow spiral helices. p

In front view as well as in end view the ends oi'. the projections above and below are made somewhat beveled or inclined, as shown, to facilitate their fitting together, and the de tails and, proportions of the slabs may be varied more or less--for instance, a larger number than shown of the projections above and below may be used and the diameter of the holes and the size of the helical recesses in them may be varied.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isY i l. A building block or slab having one or more openings passing therethrough from the top to the bottom, said openings being made in the form of helical grooves or recesses, substantially as described.

2. A building block or vslab having its top and bottom edges provided with projections at its iront and back arranged alternately in relation to each other so that 4the projections on the front edge are opposite the spaces on the back edge, the projections and spaces being approximately of the same size and shape so that they may fitfreely into each other, said block or slab being also provided with one or more openings passing therethrough from the top to the bottom made in the form of helical grooves or recesses, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature in

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