US7511A - Improvement in sizing compounds for warps or yarns - Google Patents
Improvement in sizing compounds for warps or yarns Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7511A US7511A US7511DA US7511A US 7511 A US7511 A US 7511A US 7511D A US7511D A US 7511DA US 7511 A US7511 A US 7511A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- warps
- yarns
- improvement
- composition
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229940116317 potato starch Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000220010 Rhode Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001016 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000004722 Stifle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D191/00—Coating compositions based on oils, fats or waxes; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
- C09D191/005—Drying oils
Definitions
- My improved composition to be used in connection with potato-starch or otherlike sizingmatter, gives great strength or body to the same.
- Starch mixes with warm or cold water readily, and is not likely, when combined with a due quantity of my improved composition, to run down, as will be understood by the dressers or operatives. Besides this, it will size the warps very uniformly, and consequently adds much to their strength, the warp, when- 'chal'e in the loom while being woven, the cloth being very materially improved when made of such yarn.
- my improved composition 1 put one hundred pounds of resin, or thereabout, in an iron kettle or boiler in which one hundred gallons of water has been introduced and brought to a heated or boiling state, the boiling of the liquid being afterward kept up from four to six hours, or a sufficient time to'separatc the impurities, volatile and foreign matters in the resin, which. it may be desirable to remove therefrom, and which may be skimmed or taken off in any proper way.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM MALLERD, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.
IMPROVEMENT IN SIZING COMPOUNDS FOR WARPS 0R YARNS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 7,5 ll dated July 16, 1850.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM MALLERD, now orlate of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and Improved Chemical Gompound, to be combined with potato-starch or other like substance when used in dressing or sizing warps or yarns, of which thefollowing is a specification.
It has been customary in England to use in wheat-flour starch a composition of resin and soda or potash; but the component parts of this mixture are veryliable to separate when it is sufl'ered to stand still for a short period of time, the resin being precipitated in the alkaline solution. The object of such a composition of resin and alkali is the neutralization of certain acid contained in the flour, or which may be generated therein by the process of fermentation. Size, when made from the flour and the resinous and alkaline composition, is used while in a heated state, about one gallon of the composition being the amount usually incorporated with two hundred pounds of flour.
In England the process of sizing warps is by what is usually termed padding, or saturating them with the flour-size by causing them to pass in a body through a vat of size, and afterward squeezing out the superfluous size by means of squeeze-rollers. Size so prepared has been tried in this country on warpsizing frames, or what are commonly called dressing-frames; butassuch flour-sizeis very apt to undergo the process of fermentation, it is not practicable to employ it to good advantage. When combined with potato or wheattlour starch, although the acids may be neutralized to a greater or less degree, the separation of the resin is often so great as to cause the squeeze-rollers to be covered by it to such extent as-to greatly retard or injuriously atfect their operation.
My improved composition, to be used in connection with potato-starch or otherlike sizingmatter, gives great strength or body to the same. Starch mixes with warm or cold water readily, and is not likely, when combined with a due quantity of my improved composition, to run down, as will be understood by the dressers or operatives. Besides this, it will size the warps very uniformly, and consequently adds much to their strength, the warp, when- 'chal'e in the loom while being woven, the cloth being very materially improved when made of such yarn.
In the manufacture of my improved composition 1 put one hundred pounds of resin, or thereabout, in an iron kettle or boiler in which one hundred gallons of water has been introduced and brought to a heated or boiling state, the boiling of the liquid being afterward kept up from four to six hours, or a sufficient time to'separatc the impurities, volatile and foreign matters in the resin, which. it may be desirable to remove therefrom, and which may be skimmed or taken off in any proper way. We next add about thirty pounds of carbonate of soda or potash and continue the boiling six or eight hours longer, or until the resin ceases to be stringy. Next add one and one-half pound of tallow, three-quarters of a pound of some vegetable oil, and one-half a pound of caoutchouc or indiarrubberflhey bein g previously melted together by heat. The mixture is next to be suffered to boil for about two hourslonger. Water is next to be added to the whole until the mixture is raised to aboutsixty-tive gallons, when it may be boiled about one hour longer. When cold two quarts of alcohol should be mixed with it. In general about one gallon of the improved composition may be used with one hundred 'pounds of potato starch or other analogous sizing material. It is to be incorporated while the starchy size is in either a boiling or sufficiently heated state. The proportionate quantity of the composition will vary, however, with the fineness of the yarn, this being a matter to be regulated by the experience of the dressers.
\Vith respect to the composition such as has heretofore been used, and composed of resin and alkali alone, the twoingredients areliable to separate when the mixture becomes cold. For the purpose of preventing this I mix with them a substance which has an affinity for each. A vegetable oil or an animal fiat may termed the proper degree of elasticity in the be used; but a composition of tallow, "egetable oil, and gum-caoutchouc is found to be the best, for if tallow alone were used the mixture would be too'stifl' and hard for use. It vegetable oil alone were employed, the mixture would, generally speaking, be too soft. So, if the tallow and oil be combined in the right proportions, there is yet wanting what is usually compound. This elasticity is given to it by the addition of gum-caoutchouc or some otherlike material. The alcohol combines the whole together and facilitates the drying of the size when applied to the warps.
/ I lay no claim to a combination of starchy matters and re'sinated al'kalies alone but my invention and what I claim eonsists WILLIAM MALLERD.
Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY, F. GoULn.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US7511A true US7511A (en) | 1850-07-16 |
Family
ID=2067819
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US7511D Expired - Lifetime US7511A (en) | Improvement in sizing compounds for warps or yarns |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7511A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100584514B1 (en) * | 1998-02-21 | 2006-05-29 | 아. 몬포르츠 텍스틸마쉬넨 게엠베하 운트 콤파니 카게 | Drying and fixing device |
EP3977853A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2022-04-06 | BASF Agro Trademarks GmbH | Method for applying an agrochemical to an agricultural area of interest |
-
0
- US US7511D patent/US7511A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100584514B1 (en) * | 1998-02-21 | 2006-05-29 | 아. 몬포르츠 텍스틸마쉬넨 게엠베하 운트 콤파니 카게 | Drying and fixing device |
EP3977853A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2022-04-06 | BASF Agro Trademarks GmbH | Method for applying an agrochemical to an agricultural area of interest |
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