US1914989A - Casein composition for treating artificial silk yarns and threads or filaments - Google Patents

Description

Patented June 20, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HERMAN S. BOSLAND, OF PATER-SON, NEW JERSEY, AND FREDERICK G. LA. PIANA, OF

FOREST HILLS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO STEIN, HALL & COMPANY, INC., A GOR- PORATION OIE NEW YORK GA$EIN COMPOSITION FOR TREATING ARTIFICIAL SILK YARNS AND THREADS 0R FILAMENTS No Drawing.

This invention relates to an improved composition ,for use in warp or skein sizing artificial silk and rayon yarns and threads or filaments.

In the past, the weaving of fabrics from yarns and threads or filaments from artlficial sil {S and rayons and particularly artificial silks of the cellulose acetate type has been attended with difficulties. The per centage of breaks of threads in the loom is excessive and there is a tendency for the threads to become snarled. So far as we are aware none of the sizes heretofore used with this class of textile materials has satisfactorily met these difficulties.

These difiiculties in weaving cellulose acetate yarns and similar materials may be attributed largely to the fact that such yarns are more or less water repellent, and consequently there is a tendency for the size to be repelled from the yarn durmg the sizing process.

It is an object of the present inventlon to produce a size which when applied to yarns and threads or filaments of the type above indicated acts upon the threads or filaments in such a way as to hold them together, giving them a smooth coating and permitting them to slip freely through the reeds and other parts of the loom with which they contact.

e have found that a warp or skein sizing having advantageous properties for treating artificial yarns and similar materials can be prepared from a composition consisting of from about 50 to parts by weight of casein, 40 to 10 parts of dextrine or a more or less dextrinized starch-containing material, and the balance corn sugar or other suitable organic hygroscopic material, e. g., glycerine, glucose or cane sugar.

The following is a specific example of a composition coming within the invention, and one that has been found to be particularly advantageous for the purpose intended.

Parts by weight Casein 70 DeXtrinized tapioca flour 20 Corn sugar 10 Application filed January 7, 1930. Serial No. 419,200.

In order to prepare a sizing from the composition above mentioned, it is recommended, by Way of example, that to 10 lbs. of the composition there be added 10 gallons of water, one pint of 26 Be. ammonia and 1 quart of a neutral soluble oil or other softener; then mix and heat to 180 F. The sizing thus prepared is now ready for use and may be conveniently applied to the mater1al to be treated at a temperature of to F.

It will be understood that deXtrine or other dextrinous materials than that above specified may be used. However, tapioca flour and similar starch-containing materials when subjected to any of the generally known modifying treatments, such as by heating alone or with an acid or similar conversion agent, offer convenient sources for the dextrinous constituent of our compositlon.

It will be understood that other alkaline casein solublizing materials may be used in lieu of ammonia.

lVe are aware of the fact that casein has been used as a coating for fabrics and paper where it is desired to make the fabric or paper waterproof. For example, it has been used in finishing bookcloth. However, the problem that presents itself in the weaving of artificial silk, and particularly cellulose acetate yarns is quite different. Cellulose acetate yarns are more or less water repellent and this has caused difficulties to arise in effecting sizing of such yarns due to the fact that there has been a tendency for the sizes heretofore used to be repelled from the yarn during the sizing operation. On the contrary, our composition is not repelled from the yarn and imparts thereto the desirable properties above noted.

We claim:

1. A composition for use in preparing a warp sizing for artificial silks comprising 50 to 80 parts of casein, 40 to 10 parts of a dextrinized starch-containing material, and about 10 parts of an organic hygroscopic material.

2. A composition for use in preparing a warp sizing for artificial silks comprising 70 parts of casein, 20 parts of dextrinized flour and 10 parts of corn sugar.

3. A warp sizing composition for artificial silks such as will be produced when the 5 following materials are mixed in about the proportions stated and heated to 180 F.: 7 lbs. of casein, 2 lbs. of dextrinized flour, 1 lb. of corn sugar, 10 gallons of water, 1 pint of 26 B. ammonia and 1 quart of a 10 neutral soluble oil.

4. The process of warp sizing cellulose acetate yarns which comprises applying thereto at a temperature of from about 140 to 160 F., a sizing composition containing casein, dextrine and a hygroscopic sugar dissolved in an alkaline aqueous solution, said ingredients being present in therelative proportions of about 50 to 80 parts of casein, 40 to 10 parts of dextrinized starch-containing material, and about 10 parts of an organic hygroscopic material.

5. A composition for use in preparing a warp sizing for artificial silk yarns to be formed into a fabric, comprising a mixture of casein, dextrinized starch-containing material, and organic hygroscopic material.

6. A warp sizing composition for artificial silk yarns to be formed into a fabric, such as will be produced when the following materials are mixed in about the proportions stated and heated to 180 F.: 7 lbs. of casein, 2 lbs. of dextrinized flour, 1 lb. of corn sugar, 10 gallons of water, 1 pint of 26 B. ammonia and 1quart of neutral soluble oil.

7. In the process of making a textile fabric from artificial silk yarns, the step which comprises applying to such yarns at a temperature of from 140 to 160 F. before formation of the fabric therefrom, a warp sizing composition comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of casein, dextrine and a hygroscopic sugar.

8. In the process of making a textile fabric from low twist artificial silk yarns, the step which comprises applying to such yarns before formation of the fabric therefrom, a warp sizing solution containing casein.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification this 24th day of December, 1929.

HERMAN s. BOSLAND. FREDERICK e. LA PIANA.