US73423A - Kmsell - Google Patents

Description

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IMPROVEMENT IN WOOD-TURNING LATHBS.

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TO ALL WHOM T MAY CONCERNE I Bc it known that I, E. K. WISELL, of Warren, in the county of Trumbull, and Statepf Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Turning Irregular Forms; and I do hereby declare @hat the following is a full and complete description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making o. part of this specification, in which- Figure 1,l Plate I, is a side view of the machine.

Figure 2 is a view of the top.

Figure 3 is a. view of the front end.

Figure 4 is a view of the rear end:

Figure 1, Plate II, a. transverse section.

Figure 2 is a detached section.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the views.

This invention relates to an improvement on a former machine, for which Letters Patent weregranted to me, March 3, 1863, and for a full and complete understanding of this improvement, its application and importance, a description of the machine will be made, and which is as follows, viz:

A4, iig. 1, is the frame of the machine, in whichris mounted the cutter-head B, iig. 2, on the shaft G, iig. 2, jonrnalled in the boxes D, and'whieh is 4driven by a belt, E, passing from the large wheel Rig. 3, on the shaft G, iig. 1, to a pulley on the shaft C referred'to. On the top of the frame A, immediatelyA over the cutter-head, is :t sliding frame or carriage, H, fig. This carriage, is hinged to the frame A, by means of the adjustingstays I, fig. 1, secured to the ends of the carriage by a screw,^J, by means of which, and the slot, through which the screw passes, the carriage may he adjusted for a purpose presently shown. The lower ends of the stays r referred to are fitted to the rod K, and on which they slide, said rod being attached tothe side ofthe frame hy adjusting-brackets, L, fig. 2, and thus connecting the carriage to the frame, als above said. In'this carriage are arranged the centres M M', for holding thework while being turned, and of which M are the foot or deadccntresfand M' the head centres or drivers.

It will he observed that there are lthree centres .at cach end, and that the head contres are operated hy an arrangement of gearing, as follows: The middle centre passes through the end of the carriage, and upon the projecting end is keyed a. feed-wheel, 0,rig. 3, between which and the frame is keyeda cogwheel, P, iigQ. 0n the opposite diameters of this wheel are engaged the wheels Q R, shown also in fig. 3. The wheel Q communicat'es motion to o. small wheel, S, which-in turn operates the wheel T, on the end of the centre M', causing it to revolve in the same direction as the middle centre. The wheel R being on the same shaft with the cog-wheel U, and which wheel U engages inthe wheel V, on the vend of the side centre M', causes it to turn in the same direction as the others. Thus the three centres, by the peculiar arrangement of the cog-wheels, have one common direction, and simultaneous in their revolution, and which is made to revolve by the feed-wheel referred to, and pawl W,.g. 3. This pawl is -pivoted to the minor arm of the right-angled lever X, fig. 8, pivotedl to the carriage, at the point X'. The major arm of said lever reaches out over the side of the freine A, upon the top of which 'frame issecured a. pair of inclined planes or cams, Y Z, iigs. 1 and I3, which operate the free end of the lever and pawl, as will hereafter be shown.

The carriage is made to traverse backward and forward on the frame by means of the following device, viz In the small supplementary framef, tig. 4, is hung a cog-wheel, B', tig. 1, on the shaft C', to the end. of which is keyed an arm, D'.- Depending from the under side ofthe carriage is an arm, E', which is connected to the artn i D' oy the link F'. Now, it will he evident that, by this arrangement, as the arm D' is made to revolve, the

carriage will be carried backward and forward by the link, and the distance traversed will he greater or less, aecordingto the adjustment of the link, being made near to or dist-ant from the end of the arm-D', a series of holes being made in' the arm for that purpose.

As above said, the cutter-head is driven hy the belt E and pulley F. This pulley, in turn, is driven by the cone-pulley G' and belt H', which, in its turn, is driven by the cone-pulley l' and belt J', the cone I' being geared to the wheel B' by a. pinion, K', fig. 4r, which is thrown into and out of gear with -thc wheel by the lever L'. The end of the shaft, on which the pinion K' is keyed, is iitted in a slot, L", solas to allow of its being lifted up, and thus disengaged from the wheel, by thc lever referred to, and to which it is connected hy the link N. The pinion, when engaged with the wheel, is kept thus by the lever or slide N', iig. 2, which is slid into a notch cut in the lower cud of ,the standard O', tig. d, but which, on being slipped from the notch, the pinion is Y disengaged by the weight P', attached to the lower -end of the standard, which draws down the major arm of the lever L', and, as a consequence, raises tho short arm, to which the pinion or the shaft of the pinion is connected, by the liul; N, and thusdiscngagos it, as hei'oro said.

Having thus described the construction and arrangement of the machine, the practical operation ofthe same is as'follows: The bolts or timber, cut of a proper length and size for a spoke, axe-helve, &c., is put into the machine on the centres, asindicated by the dotted lines in fig. 2, which, in this instance, is supposed to be a spoke, the iron pattern Q'of which is hung iu the same way 'at one side of the carriage, and which is operated by the wheelpR', conjointly with the three wooden spokes, and after which they are patt'rned.v It will be remarked that the position-of the three spokes is such as to place them in a relative circle with the cutter-head, z'. e., the cutter-head, and the are of a circle, described by the three spokes around the head, have a common centre, as seen in iig. 1, Plate II; Ahence the three spokesare eq-ually distant from the axis of the cutter-head,

and, as a consequence, will be turned the same size, whichis done by the'. cutter S cuttingr across'the grain of the wood. The spoke, at the same time, is'fed to thecutter lengthwise, by the carriage being moved reciprocally, by the link F', as above described. .When the tenen-end' of the spoke has arrived to the cutter, .the lever X is raised by the cam Y, which causeslthe pawl W,'and the supplementary pawl W', to hitch along the feedwheel O, giving thereby a slight turn tothe spokes, bringing the yet uncut wood to the head. The carriage i now moves back in the opposite direction, and, when the felloe-euds of the spokes come to thecutters,the lever is again raised bythe cam Z, whichi gives another turn to the'feed-wheel and spokes, which again returns, bringingthe teuon-end once more to the cutters, and so on, each time the ends of the spokes reach the cutterhead they are turned enough for a cut, and fed up reciprocally, as before'observed, until the spokes have made one complete revolution, thus nishing the work of turning, which, it will be seen, is done in longitudinal sections.

In a former machine, the spokes thus turned were of unequal size, owing to the carriage' being hinged or pvoted to the frame A, at the points b, iig. 2. Thus, when the pattern Q lies flat on the friction-roller T', the spokes were equally distant from the cutter-head, but,'on turning the pattern, so as-to bring it edgewise ou the roller, the carriage would be raised up more or less, and would thus* carry the spoke-or centre M', the one most distant frothc point I, farther from the cutters than it would the middle spoke, and the middle spoke farther than the thlrd one; hence the three spokes would be turned of unequal size.

In order to remedy this defect, and cause the spokes to bc turned of an equal size, the carriage in this Amachine is hinged to the rod K, at one s ide, andbelow the top ofthe frame-A, by the adjusting-stays I, above described. New, 4as the carriage may be raised up .by `the irregular pattern, the spoke M' 'will be raised also. At the same time will be raised the lmiddle spoke and last M". New, as the carriage is hinged below its horizontal`centre, it will be obvious that, on its being raised by the irregular pattern, the carriage will, at the time of raising, be thrown slightly back, and thus bring the spoke Mj a' little nearer to the cutters,'and, at the same time, the spoke M" will be carried the'same distance from the cutters that the spoke M' was moved towards it,

' and'thus the several spokes will retain their same relative distarvpe to the axis of the cutter-head, and, thereforewill be turned all of an equal size.

In order to-turn dli'erent-sized spokes or other work in this machine, it is done by bringing the centres,

closer to, or moving them away from, the cutter-head, more or less, according to the size of the spokes required, and which is edected by raising or lowering thecarriage, by means ofthe adjusting-stays I, or by the adjustingbrackets y, the rod K, at the saule time, raising or depressing the roller, so as to correspond with the adjustment of the stays, thus elevating or depressing the carriage, thereby bringing the several centres closer to, or moving them away from, the cutter-head, according to the size of' the spokes or work required. Should greater difference in the size ofthe work be required, a largerk or a small pattern must be used, instead of changing the position of the rol-ler. l

In making these changes inthedistance of the centres from the cutter, for the purpose above said, it will sometimes be found necessary to'change thedistance of the middle centre more or less, independent of the change made in tho side centres, as the position of this centre is less affected by the adjusting of the carriage than are the 4two side centres. In order to do this, thc centre is secured in af'slotted Slide, R", fig. 1, Plate II, by which it can be raised or depressed, as the nature of the circumstances may rende-rit necessary to adjust vit.

With the elevation and depression of the head centres, a corresponding change must be made in the foot or dead-centres. To elect this change, the centres, which, it will be obvious, hold the same relative distance to the axis ofthe cutter-head as do the head centre, are made to pass throughs. collar or yoke, a, iig. 2, Plate II. This collar is provided with a screw, projecting from two of its opposite sides, which are made to pass through above and below, when lplaced in the foot-block S", slots or'elongatcd holes being prepared in the block for its reception. i i

By this arrangement, it will be evident that, in order to raise the centres, it can be easily done, and, to the least degree, by loosening the nuts b' below the block, and screwing up those above; and so, on the contrary, to depress the centres, the upper nuts are loosened, and the bottom onesv tightened, and, when thus properly adjusted to the work, they are securely held by a yoke'and thumb-nut, a, arranged in the ordinary way, common to wood or other lathes.

What I claim as my improvement, and desire-to secure by Letters Patent, ish- The reciprocating and vibrating frame H, pivoted to the adjustable rod K, and carrying the adjustable live and dead-centres M M', arranged concentrically with the axis of the revolving cutter-head B, and operating I ,substantially as and for the purpose described.

E. K. WISELL.

Witnesses:

W. H. BURRIDGE, J. Homes.

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