US733452A - Condenser for nitric or other acids. - Google Patents

Description

No. 733,452. PATBNTED JULY 14, 1903.l W. BATE & F. G. ORME.

GONDENSER POR NITRIG 0R OTHER ACIDS.

APPLICATION IILEIJ 1320.6. 1902.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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W. BATB M". G. ORME.' CONDENSER FOR NITRIG 0R OTHER ACIDS.

APPLIUATIN FILED DBO. 6| 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

'No MODEL.

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7g a MAWW Tammo., wnswwsmn n c Patented J' uly 14, 1903.

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i ATENT VILLIAM BATE,.OF HAYLE, AND FREDERICK G. ORME, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

CONDENSER FOR NlTRlC OR OTHER ACIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 733,452, dated July 14, 19.08.

Application filed December 6, 1902. Serial No. 134,142. (No model.) l

.To Coll whom/ it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM BATE, residing at Upton Villa, Hayle, Cornwall, and FREDERICK GEORGE ORME, residing at l1 Austin Friars, London, England, subjects of the King of Great Britain, have invented new and useful Improvements in Condensers for Nitric or other Acids, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to condensers for nitric and other acids in which the acid vapor is constrained to pass up and down a stack of vertical pipes set in a tank of water or merely exposed to the air; and the objects of our invention are to insure a thorough circulation of the condensing-water, to condense the acid vapors with a minimum quantity of water, to avoid as far as possible reducing the strength of the acid in the receiver should a pipe crack or leak while a charge is being worked off, and to enable a defective pipe to be replaced by a sound one without interfering with the other pipes in the condenser. We attain these objects by the apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l Arepresents front elevation, partly in section, of acondenser for nitric and other acids constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of same with part of the wood frame removed. Fig. 3 is a section of condenser on line A B, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a vertical section, to anenlarged scale, of a portion of a condensing-pipe and water-jacket, showing method of making the joint between the pipe and the jacket. Fig. 5 is horizontal section of same on line O D, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is plan of gland-ring. Fig. 7 is plan of jointring. Fig. Sis section of same. Fig. 9 is section showing alternative method of making the joint at the bottom of the water-jacket.

The same letters denote the same parts in all the figures.

Now according to this invention we make the condenser of a stack of earthenware,

pipes d are jointed air-tight to their respec-v tive sockets by means of cement, clay, or other suitable material `to prevent escape of vapor. In the drawings the stack of pipes consists of two rows ofpipes containing ve pipes in each row; but a greater or less number of pipes may be used, so as to obtain the best results. The pipes a are recessed half- `way into the portion e of the frame and are kept in position bylead collars 0c, screwed or bolted to the frame, as shown by Figs. l and 3. The lower ends of the pipesa pass through apertures in the portion f of the framework.

The portionf of the framework is covered with sheet-lead g,as shown by Figs. 4 and 9, on both sides the said covering, being continued through apertures in the portionfto prevent the acid from coming in contact with the wood in case of leakage.

Surrounding six of the pipes dare opentopped cylindrical water-jackets h, made of lead and fused at the bottom to the lead g, as shown in detail by Fig. 4, to make a watertight-joint. The bottom of the said jacketis formed, as shown in detail by Fig. 4, by the gland-ring le and an india-rubber joint-ring i', circular in section, as shown by Figs. 7 and 8, which ring is placed on the tube u and forced into contact therewith and with the bell-mo j by means of the gland-ring Za and bolts Z. sufcient number of bolts are used to preve t the ring from spreading outward. Inste d of the rings lo and bellmouthsj, ordinaryyands may be used, stuffing-boxes being for ed in the portion of the frame by recesses cut into the` wood into which the lead g is dressed, as shown by Fig. 9. The bolts Z may be recessed into the wood f under the lead g, the said bolts being preferably furnished with square heads to prevent them from rotating. Each water-jacket is provided with three pipes-namely, an inlet-pipe for the condensing-water, an overflow-pipe for the same, and a drain-'pipe for emptying the jacket.

n is the water-supply pipe to convey the condensing-water to the jackets 7i, each jacket communicating with the pipe n by means of a pipe and valve or stop-cock. The inlet-pipes to the jackets are fitted to the same near the bottom of the jackets. On the drawings the inlet-valves are marked 0, the pipes connecting the water-jackets of the front row of pipes to the valves o are marked p, the inlet-pipes to the rear row of jackets being marked q. The overflow-pipes are fitted to the jackets as near the top as possible, as shown, the overiow-pipes from the front row of jackets being marked yr,while the overflow-pipes from the rear row of jackets are marked s. The cold water, under a sufficient head to insure good circulation, enters the jackets near the bottom through the pipes p q and the warm water runs out at or near the top of the jackets down the pipes 1' s into a suitable gutter ordrain, the amount of water passing through the jackets being regulated by the valves o.

t t are drain-pipes to run off the water from the front row of jackets when it is necessary to empty the same. u u are similar drainpipes to empty the rear row of jackets. rlhe drain-pipes are fitted as near the bottom of the jackets as possible.

The bottom of the drain-pipes tu are normally closed by plugs or bungs inserted therein, or instead of the plugs or bungs valves or cocks may be fitted to the drainpipes.

All the pipes p q o s t u are made of lead and fused to the jackets a; but, if desired, iron pipes itted with lead ilanges may be used.

By incasing each pipe in a separate jacket less condensing-water is required and a more perfect circulation thereof obtained than when all the'pipes are incased in a tank common to all. In the event of a pipe breaking, it is only necessary to empty the jacket, remove the bend connecting the broken pipe to the next pipe, remove the lead collar, take out the broken pipe, put a sound one in its place, replace lead collar and joint up, then screw up gland-ring, all of which can be done without in any way disturbing any of the remaining pipes. The joint-ring c' and gland-ring 7,; are slipped over the end of the new pipe while being lowered into place. In the event of a pipe cracking while a charge is being worked off the water is at once shut off from the jacket of the cracked pipe, the plug or bung removed from the drain-pipe and the jacket emptied, thus preventing weakening of the acid in the receiver by water leaking through the crack, suiiicient condensing-surface being left to finish oft' the charge if done carefully. It necessary, the top of the empty jacket may be stopped with clay to prevent escape of vapor.

The circular section india-rubber jointrings we employ make a perfect joint without undue pressure on the earthenware pipes,thus avoiding risk of breaking the pipes when screwing up the glands, even if the said pipes are not` truly circular.

The jackets should be emptied from time to time to clear away any mud or sediment that may accumulate therein.

If necessary, every condensingpipe may be tted with a water-jacket, but we [ind in practice that six jacketed pipes in a ten-pipe battery are quite suiicient for condensing nitric acid.

What We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a condenser for nitric and other acids of the vertical water-cooled type, the combination with vertical condensing-pipes of an independent open topped Water-jacket around each of said Water-cooled pipes, and means for supplying water to, and emptying each jacket independently of the other jackets as specified, and for the purpose stated.

2. In a condenser for nitric and other acids of the vertical Water-cooled type the combination with vertical condensing-pipes of an independent opentopped water-jacket around each pipe, a water-supply pipe, an overflow-pipe and a drain-pipe attached to each jacket, each supply-pipe, overiiow-pipe and drain-pipe being independent of the supply-pipes, overflow-pipes and drain-pipes attached to the other jackets, means for regulating the supply of water to each jacket, and means for emptying any one jacket while leaving the other jackets full as specified and for the purpose stated.

3. In acondenser for nitric and other acids, the combination of a vertical pipe a, a cylinder of lead h fused at the bottom to the leadcovering g of the portion f of the Jframe of the apparatus, a gland-ring 7s and packing-ring i adapted to be forced into contact with the pipe a and with a bell-mouthjt'ormed in the portionf of the frame by means of bolts Z so as to form with the cylinder 7i a water-jacket surrounding the pipe a all substantially as set forth.

4. In a condenser for nitric and other acids, the combination of a pipe c, recessed into the IOO IOS

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portion e of the framework of the apparatus, a lead collar screwed or bolted to the portion e to retain pipe ct in position, a stuffingboX formed in portionf of the frame, a lead coveringg for portion of framef, a lead jacket 71, surrounding pipe a and fused to lead cov- @ring g, a gland-ring k and joint-ringt' to form bottom of jacket, an inlet-valve o and pipe to admit cooling-Water to jacket, au overflow-pipe to allow Warm Water to run oi from jacket and adrain-pipe to empty jacket, all substantially as set forth. l

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

WILLIAM BATE. FRED. G. ORME.

Vitnesses to the signature of William Bate:

EDWARD BoAsE, CHARLES STAPLES. Witnesses to the signature of Frederick George Orme:

F. FAULKNER, H. E. PERKS.

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