US201181A - Improvement in feed-water heaters and purifiers - Google Patents

Description

5 Sheets--Sheet I.

Y S. HUGHES. ,Feed-Water Heater and Purifier.

No. 20u81. Patented March 12,1878.

y 'f .2- l 4 {lill/ lll/ll WITNESSES INVENTOR N. PETERS. FIfIDTO-LITMDGHQPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

i A A 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

S; HUGHES. Feed-Water Heater andlPurifier.

. Patented March i2, |878.

ATTORN EY N. PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D, C.

5 sheets-sheet a( s. HUGHES. Feed-Water Heater and Purifier.

Patented March 12, |878.

No. 20H81..

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W//////////////////o W INVENTOR ITNESSES @bw AT ORNEY N.FETERS, PHDTO-UTHOGRAPHER, WAMINGTUN. D. C.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

s. HUGHES. Feed-Water Heater and Purifier. No. 2OI,I8I.

Patented March 12, 1878.

m TTORN'EY INVENTOR N4 PETERS. FHOT0L|TMOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON, D C.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

S. HUGHES. -Water Heater and Purifier..

Feed No. 20l,|81.

Patented March l2, 1878.

AT ORNEY NA PETERS. PHOTD-LITHO/GRAFHER, WASHINGTON. Dv C4 UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIGE.

SAMUEL HUGHES, OF CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA.

IMPROVEMENT IN FEED-WATER HEATERS AND `PURIFIERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,181', dated March 12, 1878; application filed A January 30, 1878.

To all' lwhom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, SAMUEL HUGHES, of Charleston, in the county of Charleston and State of South Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Feed-Water Heaters and Purifiers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, which form part oil this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in feed-water heaters and purifiers; the object being to provide a combined heater and purier for the feed-water of steam-boilers of such a construction that the feed-water shall` be subjected to the maximum amount of heatingsurface, the several parts of the apparatus to be secured tol each other in such a manner that entrance to the interior of the same, for the purpose of cleaning the same, may be readily effected without disturbing the tubes or tube-sheets; and to that end my invention consists, first, in a feed-water heater and puriier consisting, essentially, of a water-heating cylinder provided with a series of steam-tubes and a steam-jacket surrounding said watercylinder, the several parts being so arranged that the steam is first conveyed through the tubes in the water-cylinder, and then conducted through the4 intervening annular space between .the water-cylinder and steam-jacket, whereby the feed-water is subjected to the heat radiated from'the steam-tubes and also the water-cylinder.

My invention further consists in a feed-water heater and purifier wherein the water-cylinder is surrounded by a steam-jacket, and the steam-tubes in said water-cylinder separated from each other, in such a manner that steam will pass through a portion of said tubes, and then return through the remaining tubes of the series, and from the chamber formed in the end of the apparatus the steam is then conducted into the annular space between the steam-jacket and water-cylinder to the steamexit, located at the upper end of the heater.

My invention further consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section or" my improved heater and puriier. Fig. 2 is a plan viewof the tubesheet. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional elevation of the apparatus, constructed in the manner illustrated in Fig. l, showing the different parts as disconnected. Fig. 4 shows a -vertical sectional elevation of a heater and purifier l embodying my invention in a modified form of construction and arrangement of parts. Fig. 5 is a verticalsectional elevation of a heater and puriier of modified-form of construction, the same illustrating certain features of my invention. Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional elevation of a modiiedform of heater and purifier embodying my invention. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional elevation of a heater and purier constructed the same as the apparatus shown in Fig. 6, the casing and cover being removed, so as to expose the tubes and tube-sheets for cleaning and repairs. Fig. 8 shows a section of a portion of one end of the apparatus, and Fig. 9 a side elevation of a portion of the `joint between the cover and casing. Figs. 10 and 11 represent views similar to those 'shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the only dit'- ference being that inFigs. 10 and 11 the covers are removed. Fig. 12 is a modification.

In'Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A represents the inner or water cylinder. B vB are the respective upper and lower tube-sheets, having a series of tubes, C, properly secured thereto. The upper tube-sheet B is secured in position by means of an annular ring `or plate, a, the outer edge of said tube-sheet being bolted to the inner edge of the ring, while the outer portion or edge of ring a is bolted between the flange b, which is riveted to cylinder A, and the iange c of the cover D. The lower tube-sheet B' is bolted to the iiange d, which latter is riveted to cylinder A, and is supported by means' of the ring E, which is constructed with flanges e el. Ring E rests upon the lower head El of the apparatus, and, as will be observed, serves to conduct the incoming steam, which enters the heater and purifier through opening F, into such tubes only of the series as are located within the'ring E. The lower tube-'sheet B is provided with a sediment discharge pipe, e2, which extends through the lower head E1, and is provided with a suitable cock or valve. (Not shown.) G is a steam# pipe H, located at the lower end of said cylin der, while the pipe H1, located on the opposite side of cylinder A, and .near the upper end thereof, constitutes the feed-outlet. H2 is adrip-cock, attached to the lower head of the heater, and the same serves to empty thel heater of water of condensation.

' The particular method of securing the several parts of the apparatus together is clearly illustratedin Figs. 8, 9, l0, and 11. The upper tube-sheet Bis attached "to the annularplate or ring a by means .of top bolts f, a suitable gasket, b', of yielding material, being ,preferably placed between the opposing faces of the tube-sheet and ring, in order toV secure a perfectly tight joint. The ring'a is secured betweenI the iiangesV b and c by means of the two kinds of bolts g h, bolts g being'of the ordinary construction, while the boltsh areI each provided with a collar, i, which is formed on said bolts equidistant from its ends. These bolts g h are placed in succession aroundl the entire cover of the-apparatus, and serve the following important function: When it is desired to take the apparatus-apart for the-purpose of cleaning or repairing any portion -of the same, the outer cover and jacket beingy removed, the inner cover D may be removed by simply removing the nuts j without dis-v turbing the. tube-sheets and tubessecured therein, as the collar-bolts h will serve to retain the ring a securely in place. This con-- struction will be found desirable in thev manufacture of the heaters, as the tube-sheets and water shell or cylinder may be 'iirmly bolted together, and the joints made tight before-the tubes are secured in place. In this way the tubes can be accurately adjusted and secured, and be allowed to remain in their Iproper position when the shell is taken off.

The operation of my improved heater, constructed lin the manner illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is as follows: The feed-water enters the lower part of the inner cylinderA through inlet-pipe H, and freely circulates-around the series of tubes C, and is discharged in a heated condition through the exit-pipe H1. y Steam enters the heat-er through the inlet-passage F, in the lower head of the same, and,:pass ing through the ring E, is conducted through the several tubes which open into said ring. From said tubes the steam escapes into the cover D, which extends over the entire series of tubes, and from thence it descends through the remaining tubes of the series and flows into the chamber I, located between the parts are subjected to the direct contact of steam.Y The sediment, which precipitates and is deposited on the bottom or lower head of the inner cylinder, may be drawn off through the sediment-discharge leading therefrom..-

In Fig. 4 the innerl cylinder A is provided with steam-tubes G, which are secured at their opposite ends to independent tube-sheets B B', the lsame as illustrated in-Figs. l and 2.

In the vconstruction of heater and purifier represented in Fig. 4, the innercover over cylinder A is dispensed with, and steam flows from the steam-tubes directly into the chamber formed by the -imperfcrate cover G1 of the outer or steam jacket G. The lower tube-sheet Bl rests upon the steam-conduit J, the lower end of which is contractedl to fit over the,

vis enlarged to itagainstthe outer edge of the tube-sheet. The lower tube-sheet is provided withla sediment-discharge pipe, E2," the same extending through the lower head El. Feedwater inlet-H is located near the lower end of4 cylinder A, whiler the feed-water outlet H1 is located on the opposite side-of the cylinder, near its top.-

K is a surface blow-off cock, having a pipe, K1, coupledlthereto, which leads into the upper lportion of the inner cylinder A, and by means'of which light particles of matter which rise tothe surface of the water may be discharged from theheater. K2 is a sedimentdischarge pipe,l and it may be connected with the main discharge-pipe K3, as illustrated in the'drawing, if so desired.y v

L is a safety-valve, which may bev attached toany portion of the water-cylinder A, .said valvefbeing provided with an overflow-pipe, i

L, whichleads to the well. This valve operates to prevent the bursting of the heater,

shouldfthefpnmp continue towork after thefeed-Water cock attached to thel boiler has been, closed. The valve may be adjusted to withstand any desired pressure, and when the pressure in the heater, from any cause, exceeds the pressure at which the safety-valve isset, the latter will be automatically opened, and allow the water to escape from the heater into the well, and from thencev be -pumped back into the heater, without causing any damage tothe latter.l

The Voperation off-the heater and purier, constructed in the manner last. described and illustrated in Fig. 4, is as follows: Steam flows into the heater through the steam-inlet F, and, passing through conduit J, enters the several tubes C, from whence the steam escapes into the chamber in the upper end of the heater. The confined steam flows from said upper chamber downwardly through the annular space between the water-cylinder and the steam-jacket, and escapes through the steamoutlet M, located at the bottom of the apparatus.

It will be thus observed that the feed-water in the cylinder A is subjected to the action of steam through the medium of the several tubes, the tube-sheets, and the shell or casing. The lighter particles arising from the water are blown out through the surface dischargecock, 'while the heavier portions are discharged through the pipe located in the bottom of the cylinder.

The safety-valve, provided with an overflow leading to the well, serves the important function of regulating the pressure in the heater, and admits of the continuous operations of the pumps without danger of injuring the apparatus.

Fig. 5 represents a form of heater and purier wherein the steam passes directly through the heater, and is discharged at its upper end.

The water-cylinder A is provided with a series of steam-tubes, C, which are secured to independent tube-sheets B B by means of the ring or plate a, in the manner hereinbefore described, and as illustrated in Figs. 8, 9, l0, and 1l.

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a heater and puriiier wherein the steam-jacket is dispensed with. In this form of construction the watercylinder A is provided with any desired number of tubes C, which are attached to upper and lower tube-sheets B B. B is secured to the cylinder by means of the ring or plate a, which, in turn, is bolted between a iiange secured to the cylinder and a flange formed on the lower edge of the cover, in the manner illustrated in Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11.

Fig. 7 illustrates the heater shown in Fig. 6, when the cylinder, cover, and fasteningring have been removed.

In Fig. l2 the flange on the cover isof sufcient width to allow of the tube-sheetbeing bolted thereto, and thus dispensing with the annular ring or plate a..

It is evident that slight changes in the construction and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the essential features of my invention-as, for instance, the heater may be placed in a horizontal instead of a vertical position, if desired; and also the exhaust-steam pipes may enterat the top, side, or bottom of the heater; and the steam-outlet may also be located at the top, side, or bottom thereof, and the apparatus still retain all the important functions of my inven tion.

This tube-sheet v Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a feed-water heater and purifier, the combination, with an inner cylinder provided with a series of steam-tubes,`ofl a steam-jacket surrounding said inner cylinder, and a closed steam-chamber attached to one end of the inner cylinder, the parts being arranged substantially as described, whereby steam is first conveyed through the tubes in the water-cylinder, and then conducted to the outlet-opening through the annular space between the steam-jacket and water-cylinder, substantially as set forth.

2. In a feed-water heater and purifier, the combination, with an inner cylinder provided with a series of tubes and a cover attached to one end of said cylinder, of a steam-jacket surrounding said inner cylinder, and a steamconduit for conducting the steam to only a portion of the tubes of the inner cylinder, whereby the exhaust-steam is allowed to pass upwardly through a portion of said tubes into the chamber at the upper end of said cylinder, and from thence downwardly through the remainingportion of said tubes, and thence to the outlet through the annular space between the steam-jacket and water-cylinder, substantially as set forth.

3. In a feed-water heater and purifier, the combination, with an inner cylinder provided with a series of steam tubes and an outer steam-j acket, of a safety-valve, attached to the inner cylinder by a pipe and connected with the well by an overliow-pipe, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a feed-water .heater and purifier, the combination, with the inner cylinder having a flange secured to its upper end, of a tubesheet, secured to said iiange by means of an annular ring or plate, substantially as set forth.

5. In a feed-water heater and purifier, the combination, with the inner cylinder having a iiange secured to its upper end, of a tubesheet having an annular plate or ring bolted to its outer edge, the outer edge of said annular plate being bolted between the flange 011 the cylinder and the cover over the end of the same, substantially as set forth.

l6. In a feed-water heater and purifier, the combination, with the cylinder, of the tubesheet, having an annular ring or plate attached thereto, said ring being secured to the cylinder by means of plain and collared bolts, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day of January, 1878.

SAML. HUGHES. Witnesses:

JAivrEs J. GRACE, LAURENCE It. PINKMAN.

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