US728282A - Feed-water-heating system for multiple-expansion engines. - Google Patents

Description

-N0.728,282- PATENTED MAY19,1903.

13. v. NORIYBERG.

FEED WATER HEATING SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE EXPA NS ION'ENGINES.

v APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1899. 11o MODEL. T 2 sni:n*rssnnnr 1.

/zgwamam I T I 4 5% awn-w w- No. 728,282. 'PATENTED'MKY19,,-1903.'

V B.,V.NORDBERG. FEED WATER HEATING SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE EXPANSION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1899. I N0 MODEL. Q 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2;

Patented May 19, 1903.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BRUNO V. NQRDBERG, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

FEED-WATER-HEATING SYSTEM .FOFl MULTIPLE-EXPANSION ENGINESQ SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 728,282, dated May 19, 1903. Application filed SeptemberZ, 1899. Serial No. 729,294. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BRUNO V. NORDBERG, a subject of the Grand Duke of Finland, Eniperor of Russia, residingat Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Feed-Water-Heating Systems for Multiple-Expansion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being 'had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part-thereof.

My invention relates to and is. designed to be used in connection with compound tripleexpansion, quadruple, and multiple expansion engines, which are all comprehended in the designation multiple-expansion engines. y l

The main objects of the invention are, to reduce thefuel consumption ofsuch engines and also to permit of the economical use of high-pressure steam.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and in the arrangement and combinations of parts,"as hereinafter par-' ticularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings like letters designate the same parts in both figures. Figure 1 is a diagramillustrating the application of my improvements to a triple-ex pansion engine, and Fig; -2 is a similar view let from receiver E to the steam-chest c of the low-pressure cylinder. g is the exhaust-pipe from the low-pressure cylinder to the condenser.. G, which is'shown as a surface condenser, although a jet-condenser may be employed with substantially the same effect. H

is the air-pump by which the water formed by condensation in the condenser is discharged into the hot-well I.

e is the steam -inlet from The abovesmentioned parts are such as constitute a modern triple-expansion engine. 7

In the application of my invention to an engine having the parts above enumerated the following devices maybe employed: the

heaters J, K, L, and M, the feed-water pumps N, O, P, Q, and R, and the auxiliary valves boiler (not shown) in the following manner:

The discharge-nozzles of the valves S S are connected with the heater K, the heater J is placed in the exhaust-pipe g between the low pressure cylinder and the condenser, the heater L isconnected with the receiver E and the heater M with the receiver D,.the feed-water pump N is connected on its suction side with the hot-well I and on its discharge side with the heater J, the pump 0 is connected on the suction side with the heater J and on the dischargeside with the heater K, the suction-pipe of pump P is connected with the heater K and its discharge-pipe with the heater L, the suctionepipe of pump Q is connected with the heater L and its dischargepipe with the heater M, and finally the suction-pipe of the pump R is connected with thelheater M and its discharge-pipe with the boiler, the pumps andheaters, with the cylinders, receivers, and steam-chests of the engine and the boiler, thus forming a complete or continuous circuit or cycle. the pumps other equivalent devices may be used, and in some cases even gravity connections may be employed between the heatersas, for instance, between the heaters K and L.

The apparatus as hereinbefore described operates as follows: The discharge-water from Instead of the air-pump H flows into the hot-well I and is forced by the pump'Ninto the heater J, in which its temperature is raisedjtoithat cylinder 0. The heaterJ is shown mane drawings to beofrthe'tubular closedtype;

but a heaterof the open type, in which. the e exhaust-steam mingles with the feedwater 95.. of the exhaust-steam from the low-pressure by the air-pump is taken through the heater. After passing through the heater J the feedwateris forced by the pump into the heater K. If the heater .I is of the tubular type, as shown, the pump 0 may in some cases be dispensed with, the pump N in such cases serving to force the water through the closed water-space in the heaterJ into the heater K. The heater K is preferably of the open type, in which the feed -water mingles with the steam from which it is to extract the heat. The steam for this heater is taken directly from the working space of the low-pressure cylinder 0 through the auxiliary valves S S, which are operated from the engine by any suitable mechanism, (not shown,) so that they will open at a point in the piston-stroke later than that at which the main steam valve closes and will close before the main exhaustvalve commences to open. Communication between the low-pressure cylinder 0 and the heaterK thustakes placeduring the later part of the expansion period, and the time during which this communication takes place as well as the area of the valves S S and of the pipes connecting them with the heater K are so proportioned that the temperature of the water in the heater K will be raised approximately to that of the steam expanding in the cylinder 0 at its terminal pressure. A part of the steam issuing from the low-pressure cylinder is thus condensed in the heater K, and the volume of water discharged from said heater is greater by that amount than the volume supplied to it from the heater J. The feedwater at this point in its course through the apparatus is thus raised to a temperature approximately equal to that of the working steam at its terminal pressure in the lowpressure cylinder. In some cases other means may be employed for securing this result. If, for instance, the steam plant includes auxiliary engines, steam -pun1ps, 850., the exhaust-steam therefrom may be sui'tlcient to heat the total feed-water to a temperature approximately equal to that of the steam at its terminal pressure in the low-pressure cylinder, and in such cases such exhaust-steam may be utilized instead of the exhaust-steam taken from the low-pressure cylinder C, or in case the exhaust-steam from such auxiliary devices or externalsourcesisinsufficienttoaccom plish the desired end an additional heater supplied with such exhaust-steam may either be added to the plant orsnbstituted for one of the heaters Jand K. The feed-water is next delivered by the pump P into the heater L, which is supplied with steam from the receiver E, and its temperature is raised in said heater to that of the steam in said receiver, a part of that steam being condensed in the heater. As the pressure of the steam in receiverE is in many cases but little higher than the terminal pressure in the cylinder C, which pressure if open heaters are used will be practically the same as that in the heater K, this heater can be placed at a higher elevation than the heater L and the water carried from the one to the other by gravity, thus dispensing with. the pump P. The Water from the heater L is forced by the pump Q into the heater M, which has a steam-supply connection with the receiver D, whereby the temperature of the water passing through the latter heater is raised to that of the steam in said receiver, and a part of such steam is condensed. Finally the pump K forces the water from the heater M into the boiler.

While the foregoing describes my invention as applied to a triple-expansion engine, it is equally applicable to a two-cylinder compound or to engines having four or more cylinders in series. In fact, the greater the number of the cylinders and the greater the number of the steps in the operation of heating the feed-water the greater will be the efficiency of the engine.

Referring to Fig. 2, showing a modification of the apparatus by which the arrangement of the pumping system may be somewhat simplified, tubular or closed heaters K, L, and M are substituted for the direct or open heaters shown in Fig. 1. In this arrange ment of the apparatus the pump N becomes the main feed-pump, which forces the feedwater through all the heaters in series into the boiler, the heaters, their connecting water-pipes, and the boiler, forming in this case a closed system. The upper part of the water-space of the heater .I is connected directly with the lower part of the water-space of the heater K, the upper part of the waterspace of the heater K is connected directly with the lower part of the water-space of the heater L, the upperpart of the water-space of the heater L is connected directly with the lower part of the water-space of the heater M, and the upper part of the water-space of the last heateris connected directly with the boiler. The suction-pipes of the pumps 0, P, and Q, are severally connected with the lower parts of the steam-spaces of the several heaters with which they are associated, and the discharge-pipes of said pumps connect with the discharge-pipes leading out of the water-spaces of said heaters, so that said pumps in this case serve only to remove from the steam-spaces of said heaters the water formed by condensation therein. As this water of condensation has the same temperature as the steam from which it is formed, it must be forced into the discharge-pipes from the several heaters with which said pumps are associated.

In many cases steam is used for other purposes than driving enginesas, for example, in steam-jackets for heating and other purposes. After the latent heat has been extracted from steam so employed the water formed by its condensation may be discharged into that heater or part of my feed-water-heating system the temperature of which corresponds the nearest to that of the water of condensation.

An auxiliary exhaust connection with valve mechanism may be employedwith any or anumber of the other engine-cylinders, substantially as shown in the drawings in connection with the low-pressure cylinder, for supplying steam to aheater or series of heaters.

I claim-- 1. In a feed-water-heating system for mul-l tiple-expansion engines the combination with a series of engine-cylinders and means for primarily heatingthe-feed-water to approxi-' mately the temperature of the steam at its terminal pressure in the low-pressure cylinder, of a heater connected with an intermediatepart of the steam-space between the main steam supply and exhaust of the engine, and adapted to raise the temperature of the feed-water toapproximately that of the steam at the point from which it is diverted to said heater, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a feed-water-heating system for multiple-expansion engines,the combination with a series of engine-cylinders and their steam and exhaust connections, of a heater, through which the feed-water passes, having a connection with a cylinder of the engine and valve mechanism controlling said connection and adapted to open after the steam-supply of said cylinder is closed and to close before the main exhaust is opened, substantially as as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a feed-water-heating system for multiple-expansion engines,the combination With the temperature of the feed-water approxi a series of engine-cylinders and their steam supply and exhaust connections, of a feed- Water heater supplied with steam fromthe low-pressure cylinder and adapted to raise mately to that of the steam from the main exhaust of said-cylinder, and a heater,through which said feed-water passes on its way to the boiler, having a connection with the steam-'- space of the engine between its main steam supply and exhaust, and adapted to further raise the temperature of the feed-water approximately to that of the steam at "the point from which it is diverted to said last-mentioned heater, substantially as and for the purposes set'forth. t

4. In afeed-water-heatiug system for mul-- tiple-expansion engines the combination with a series-of engine-cylinders, their steam and exhaust connections, and a condenserconnected with the exhaust of the low-pressure cylinder, of va heater located in the exhaust connection between said condenser and cylinder, a pump arranged-to force the water discharged from said condenser through said heater, and one or more heaters through' which the feed-"water passes on its way to theboiler from the-first-Inentioned heater, eachofsaid last-mentioned heaters having a steamsupply connection with a receiver or part of' the steam-space of the engine between its cylinders, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a feed-water-heating system for multi ple-expansion engines the combination with a series ofengine-cylinders, their steam sup-.

ply and exhaust connections, and a condenser connected with the main exhaust of the lowpressurecylinder, of a heater located in the exhaust connection between said condenser and cylinder, an auxiliary exhaust leading from said cylinder, valve mechanism adapted through which the feed-water is conducted on its way to the boiler, connected with'and supplied with steam from said auxiliary exhaust, and-valve mechanism adapted to open the auxiliary exhaust after steam is cut off from said cylinder and to close said exhaust before the main exhaust is opened, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

i 7. In a feed-water-heating system for multiple-expansion engines,the combination with a series of engine-cylinders, their steam and exhaust connections, and a condenser connected with the main exhaust of the low-pressure cylinder, of a heater located in the exhaust connection between said cylinder and Ice condenser, a heater connected with an 'auxil- J iary exhaust of said cylinder, valve mechanism adapted to open saidauxiliary exhaust after the steam-admission valve of said cylinder closes and to close the samebefore the main exhaust-valveopens,oi1e or more heaters each having a steam-supply connection with a receiver or the steam-space of the engine between its cylinders, feed-water connections between the several-heaters,'and means for forcing the water discharged by-the con denser through said heaters into'the boiler, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. A feed-Water heating apparatus having provisions for subjecting the feed-water suc-' cessively'to difierent degrees of temperature,

in combinationwith aplurality' of different heaters connected with said apparatus and adapted to furnish heat thereto at said differ ent temperatures, said heaters being respec-" tively connected with the exhausts'of aplu rality of different-pressure steam-engine cylinders.

In witness whereof I hereto aftix'my'signar ture inpresence of two Witnesses.

Witnesses:

E. R. SABIN, CHAS. L. GOSS;

BRUNO V.NORDBERG. I

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