US727301A - Vapor-stove. - Google Patents

Description

` PATEK-TBD MAH, 1903. L. DAHL. VAPOR STOVE.'

A PPLIOATION FILED NOV'. 4, 1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l..

IO MODEL.

110.727,301. PATBNTBD'MAY 5,1903'.

LDAHL. VAPOR STOVB.-

APPLIGATION FILED Nov. 4., 1901. A11o MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

limitan Sii/tres Patented May 5, 1903,

PATENT Orrrcn.

LOUIS DAIIL, OF PALOALTO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO CRUDE OIL STOVE AND FURNACE COMPANY, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPO- RATION.

VAPOR-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,301, dated May 5, 1903.

Application filed November 4, 1901.. Serial No. 80,989. (No model.)

To @ZZ wwnt it ntfty concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS DAHL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Paloalto, county of Santa Clara, State of California,

have invented certain new and useful Im'- provernents in VaporStoves; and I do here# by declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to that class of stoves,

io furnaces, or lamps in which means are provided for volatilizing the liquid hydrocarbon fuel supplied to them and burning the vapors thereof. Vith all liquid hydrocarbons a plentiful supply of oxygen is required for their i5 perfect combustion. Also their presentation must be in such form as will permit them to be readily converted into gas. These requirements are true in the highest degree with crude oil. With such oil, especially zo that found in California, it is dilicult on account of its great specific gravity to present it in proper form for volatilization.

It is the object of my invention to provide means for presenting the crude oil in such form that it will be readily and completely volatilized, furnishing itself the required heat to this end, and to furnish the necessary air in such volume and manner as will not inten fere with the volatilization of the oil and will 3o unite therewith to form the inflammable mix' ture the combustion of which is sought.

My invention consists in such an arrangement and construction of the oil-feed pipe, the air-passage, and the firing-pan in the combustion-chamber as will cause the oil to drop and spatter upon the pan and be volatilized thereon, while the air drives the vapors to one side of the zone of the feed, leaving this clear for continuous volatilization as the oil 4o drops thereon, the air and vapors mixing and inflaming outside of said zone over the hotter portion of said pan.

It further consists, in connection with these parts, of mixingchambers for the air and vapor and of means for reflecting or detlecting the heat or iiames from the pan back upon said pan, wherebyit is raised to therequired temperature for the volatilization of the oil fed to it.

53 Although my invention is applicable to the combustion-chambers of all furnaces, it is es pecially intended for use With a cookingstove, and it is with such a device that I shall now illustrate it by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side view of a stove with the upper portion in longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 2 is a top view of the stove, a portion of the top being broken away to show the perforated iiue-bottom- Fig. 3 is an end view of the stove, the upper portion being in vertical section at right angles to the section of Fig. I. Fig. 4 is a vertical section showing a modification in the manner of constructing the mixing-chamber and the firing-pan. Fig. 5 is a top view, partially broken, of same.

A is a stove, in the upper part of which is `the flue ct, which thence extends in any snitable course (unnecessary to show) to the stovepipe B. In practice this top flue ct is a shallow on e, in order to get the besteifect of the fiames upon the stove-top. At the rear end of this flue is the combustion-chamber a'.

C is a casing fitted into the stove-top and communicating with the combustion-chainber. In this casing is formed an air-passage c, open above and below. lThis passage is preferably though not essentially made downwardly tapering, as shown. In the casing is also formed one or more chambers c. These are closed above, but open below into the combustion-chamber. This chamber or chambers may be formed either by the interiorpartitions c2 in the casing, as shown in Fig. 3, or bylan inner cone c3, as shown in Fig. 4. Then formed `by the partitions c2, these latter preferably converge downwardly, whereby theyforin the downwardly-tapering air-passage c and the upwardly! tapering chambers c. The partitions may also, if desired, be made slidable lengthwise, whereby the throat of the air-passage may be contracted or expanded, as desired.

D is the pil-feed pipe. It enters the airpassage c and is supplied from a reservoir E through a pipe c, which in practice may well be coiled about the stovepipe B, as shown, or passed through it to raise the temperature of the oil slightly, thereby increasing its fluidity for the purpose of more easily ICO..

as shown in Figs. l and 3.

regulating its ow. The dow of the oil is controlled by a cock d, whereby the oil may be supplied in such stream as may be required or in drops as the combustion proceeds. A drip-wire d may hang from the feed-pipe. rl`heoil-drop is thus centered in the passage.

Vithinthecombustion-chamberdirectly beneath the feed-pipe and the casing is the firingpan F. This pan has an area greater than that of the discharge-throat of the air-passage c, so that it extends beyond the vertical plane of said passage and lies under the open lower end of the flame-chambers c. A good form of this pan is that here shown. It has a flange or wall f along its front edge, which may have a few holes in it, if preferred, while its rear edge, which opposes the back wall of the combustion-chamber, is open, as shown. It may, if desired, have small tlues f issuing from it at or near its ends and bending up under it, as shown in Fig. 3. In the outer walls of the flame-chambers c' are air-inlets c4, which communicate directly with air boxes or conduits c5, the lower ends of which terminate just over the ends of the firing-pan, The base-wall of Hue a forward of the *combustion-chamber separates said Iiue from the stove-oven, as shown in Fig. l, and said base-wall has a number of holes a?, Figs. l and 2, through which air from the inlet CL3, Fig. 1, from the exterior through said oven is supplied.

The oil which this stove is especially intended to burn is what is known as crude oil. This oil varies in specific gravity in differentlocalities. That found in parts of California is very heavy and difficult to handle Some of itis thick and does not [low very readily. It requires peculiar conditions for practical combustion.

The operation of the device is as follows: The oil is first allowed to tiow from feed-pipe D into' the pan F, being controlled by the cock d. When enough lies in the pan, it is ignited by means of a suitable lighter inserted through a cover-controlled opening a4 in the stove-top. The necessary air for combustion enters through passage c. At first the oil burns, or more accurately a vapor burns close to the surface of the oil, and the flames being directed backwardly from the pan against the rear wall of the combustionchamber are deflected downwardly and thence forwardly under the pau and heat it, while some'ot' the flames go down through the bent flues f/ and further heat the pan from below and thence through flue a. The heat being thus reflected, as i-t were, upon the pan soon raises its temperature to a high degree. The oil in the pan is soon consumed and thatentering, which n ow may be controlled to a drip, falls drop by drop upon this yhighly-heated surface.- lIt spatters by the fall and is instantly vaporized. The current or d'raftof air through passage lc now increases in volume and force "and striking the oil-vapor as it is formed drives it outvcarries away the oxygen.

chamber d wardly from the center and over the hotter portion of the pan., leaving the central portion always free and clear for the fresh oil to fall upon. The air and gas driven from the center rise in the flame-chambers c, wherein they are intimately mixed, and thisA mixture takes fire and thereafter the vapor is burned, the llames passing from the back edge of the pan down behind and under it, maintaining the temperature of said pan at such a degree as instantly to vaporize the spattering oil fed upon it, the vapor and air constantly tiowing outwardly to the mixing-chambers and becoming in [iam ed. The process of combustion may be thusdescribed: The oil drops upon the hot surface and spatters into smaller globules, which the current of air assists in blowing to the still hotter ends. of the pan. The drop of oil begins to vaporize as soon as it is heated, say, to 200 Fahrenheit; but it would stop vaporizing if it were heated no more; but as it passes successively over a hotter and hotter surface in its brief progress it is heated, say, to 600J Fahrenheit, and all its volatile matter is driven off and mixed with air, as above described.

Sometimes there is fixed carbon present in the fuel; but whether there is fixed carbon present or not the hydrogen of the hydrocarbon unites Iwith the oxygen of the air more rapidly than the carbon does and leaves a portion of the carbon free in the pan as a more or less minute particle after the volatilization of each globule. These particles accumulate more or less rapidly at a greater or less distance from the center of the pan and would remain unconsumed, save that a portion of the air from the shaft passes over them and oxidizes them. .They cannot burn in the immediate presence of the burning hydrogen, for the reason that the hydrogen Hence the farther from the center that the particles of carbon are carried the more rapid will their combustion in turn be. They will be carried the farther from the center if the pan be of copper, to which metal they have not a disposition to adhere as they have to adhere to iron, or if the center of the pan be. slightly higher than the ends, or if the distance'that the drop falls be increased, or if there be a strong draft, or if there be a rapid succession of drops, or it' the heat of the center of the pan be increased. The oxidation of the particles of carbon in the pan will be aided by the air through the holes c4, which air being directed by the boxes c5 is carried downto the carbon particles in the pan ends, and thus supplies oxygen below the burning hydrogen gas. The airfurnished through the `tine-openings a? further assist perfect combustion.

As shown in Figs. land 3, the combustionis spherically or cylindrically shapedor concaved, whereby it is adapted to -reliect and deflect the heat upon the pan and to concentrate it. v

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The form and disposition of the firing-pan heretofore described are not the only form and arrangement which will edect the result of reflecting or deflecting the heat upon the pan. Thus in Figs. 4: and 5 I shovT a pan f2 inthe form of a plate surrounded by a side deilectorfg, which will direct the flames all about the pan or plate, thereby heating it to a temperature required for the volatilization of the crude oil.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom ofthe ring-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, and means located above the said opening for feeding oil to the iring-pan through the said opening; substantially as described.

2. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a tiring-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, an air-inlet terminating above and in line with a portion of the ring-pan, means for feeding oil to the iiringpan, and means for centering the drop from the oil-feed; substantially as described.

3. In a vaporstove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a iring-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, an air-inlet terminating above and in line With a portion of the vfiring-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the airinlet, and means for centering the drop from the oilfeed; substantially as described.

4. In a vaporstove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a ring-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the tiring-pan and having its center higher than its ends, an airinlet terminating above and in line with the central portion of the firing-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan, and means for centering the drop from the oil-feed; substantially as described.

5. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan and having its center higher than its ends, an airinlet terminating above and in line With the central portion of the tiring-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the airinlet, and means for centering the drop from the oil-feed; substantially as described.

6. In a Vapor stove and i:1 combination With its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, an

air-inlet terminating above and in line With a portion of the tiring-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan, and a drip-Wire connected with the oil-feed for centering the drop from the oil-feed; substantially as described.

7. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a tiring-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, an air-inlet terminating above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the air-inlet, and a drip-wire connected with the oil-feed for centering the drop from the oil-feed; substantially as described.

8. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, an air-inlet terminating above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, means for feeding oil to the tiring-pan, and a dripewire connected with the oil-feed for centering the drop from the oil-feed, the drip-Wire terminating such a distance above the tiring-pan that the drop of oil will spatter upon the surface of the iiring-pan5 substantially as described. 9. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the tiring-pan, an air-inlet terminating above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the air-inlet, and a drip-Wire connected with the oil-feed for centering the drop from the oil-feed, the dripwire terminating such a distance above the firing-pan that the drop of oil will spatter upon the surface of the tiring-pan; substantially as described.

10. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the tiring-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, means located above the said opening for feeding oil to the firing-pan and means for heating the oil before it is fed to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

l1. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the tiring-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, means located above the said opening for feeding oil `to the firing-pan through said opening, and means for heating the oil before it is fed to the tiring-pan 5 substantially as described.l

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12. In a vapor-stove and in` combination with its 'combustion-chamber; a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottomv of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being providedwith an opening for the admission of air located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, means located above the said opening for feeding oil tothe firing-pan, and means for heating the oil before it is fed to the firing-pan, comprising a feed-pipe coiled about the stovepipe; substantially as described.

13. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air located above and in line with a portion of the ring-pan, means located above the said opening for feeding oilto the firing-pan, and for heating the oil before it is fed to the firing-pan, comprising a feedpipe coiled about the stovepipe and having its discharge end arranged above the firingpan in line with the center of the opening; substantially as described.

14. In a vapor-stove having a combustionchamber and'stovepipe, the combination of a ring-pan so arranged within the combustionchamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, an air-inlet terminating above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan comprising a feed-pipe coiled about the stovepipe and having its discharge end arranged above the firing-pan in line with the center of the air-inlet and a drip-Wire connected with the discharge end of the feed-pipe; substantially as described.

15. In a vapor-stove having a combustionchamber and stovepipe, thecombination of a firing-pan so arranged within the combustionchamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, an air-inlet terminating above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan comprising a feed-pipe coiled about the stovepi pe and having its'discharge end arranged above the firing-pan in line with the center of the air-inlet and a drip-wire connected with the discharge end of the feed-pipe and terminating such a. distance above the ring-pan that the drop of oil will spattel` upon the surface of the firing-pan; substantially as described.

16. In a vapor-stove, the vcombination of a combustion-chamber having its side walls and bottom concaved so as to reliect heat-rays toward a common point, a firing-pan arranged withinl the combustion-chamber above the bottom of the chamber and so located as to receive the heat-rays reflected from the con-- caved sides and bottom of the combustionchamber, an air-inlet arranged to supply air tothe upper surface of the firing-pan, and

means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; sub-4 stantially'as described.

17. In a vapor-stove, the combination of a ycombustion-chamber having its side walls and bottom concaved 'so as to reflect heat-rays toward a common point, a firing-pan arranged within thecombustion-chamber above the bottom of the chamber and so located as to receive the heat-rays reliected from the concaved sides and bottom of the combustionchamber, an air-inlet arranged to supply air Ito the upper surface of the firing-pan, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan throughA the air-inlet; substantially as described.

18. In av vapor-stove, and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with the firing-pan, said opening being of less area 'than the area of the firing-pan, and means located above the said opening for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

19. In a vapor-stove, and in combination with its combustion-chamber; a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber'as to leave a passage between the bottom ofthe firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with the firing-pan, said opening being of less area than the area of the firing-pan, and means located above the said opening for feeding oil to the firing-pan through said opening; substantially as described.

20. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan arranged in the combustion-chamber so as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with a' portion of the firing-pan, a flame-chamber above the firing-pan, and in communication with the combustion-chamber, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

21. In a vapor-stove and in combination Vwith its combustion-chamber, a firingpan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with a portion of the ring-pan, a flame-chamber above thering-pan, and in communication with the combustion-chamber, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the airinlet; substantially as described.

22. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so IOO arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being 'provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, and flame-chambers above the firing-pan and in communica tion with the combustion-chamber and arranged on opposite sides of the air-inlet opening and means for feeding oil to the firingpan; substantially as described.

23. In a vapor-stove, and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so trranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with a portion of the ring-pan,the area of said opening being less than that of the firing-pan, and flame-chambers above the firing-pan and in communication with the combustion-chamber and arranged on opposite sides of the air-inlet opening, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

24. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, and flame-chambers above the ring-pan and in communication with the combustion-chamber and arranged on opposite sides of the air-inlet opening and means for feeding oil to the firingpan through the air-inlet; substantially as described.

25. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a ring-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, a casing extending above the combustion-chamber to form a amechamber above the firingpan and in communication with the combustion-chamber, a downwardly-extending airinlet passage formed in the casing having its discharge end above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as de'- scribed.

26. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, a casing extending above the combustion-chamber to form a flame-chamber above the firingpan and in communication with the combustion-chamber, a. downwardly-extending airinlet passage formed in the casing having its discharge end above and in line with a portion of the firingpan and means for feeding oil to the ti ring-pan through the air-inlet; substantially as described.

27. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, a casing extending above the combustion-chamber to form a dame-chamber above the firingchamber, the flame-chamber being closed at its upper end and in communication with the com bustion-ch amber at its lower end, a downwardly-extending air-inlet passage formed in the casing, having its discharge end above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

28. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, a casing extending above the combustion-chamber and arranged above and in line With the firing-pan, partitions so arranged in said casing as to form an air-inlet passage open at both ends, and flame-chambers closed at their upper ends and having their lower open ends in communication with the combustion-chamber, and means for feeding oil to the firingpan; substantially as described.

29. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, a casing extending above the combustion-chamber and arranged above and in line with the firing-pan, partitions so arranged in said casing as to form an air-inlet passage open at both ends and dame-chambers closed at their upper ends and having their lower open ends in communication with the combnstion-chamber, and means for feeding oil to the firingpan through the air-inlet passage; substantially as described.

30. In a vapor-stove, and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, a casing extending above the combustion-chamber and arranged above and in line with the ring-pan, downwardly-converging partitions so arranged within the casing as to form a downwardly-tapering air-inlet passage open at both ends, having its discharge end above and in line With a portion of the firing-pan, the partitions also forming side chambers open at their lower ends only, in communication with the combustion-chamber,and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

3l. In a vaporstove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath the firing-pan, a casing extending above the combustion-chamber and arranged above and in line with the firingpan, downwardly-con verging partitions so ar- IIO ranged within the casing as to form a downwardly-tapering air-inlet passage open at both ends, having its discharge end above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, the partitions also forming side chambers open at their lower ends only, in communication with the combustion-chamber, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the air-inlet passage; substantially as described.

32. In a vapor-stove and in combination With its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the tiring-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air located above and in line With a portion of the tiring-pan, said opening being of less area than the area of the tiringpan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan and means exterior to the air-inlet for reflecting heat against the upper surface of the pan; substantially as described.

33. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being Vprovided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, said opening being of less area than the area of the firingpan, means for feeding oil to the liring-pan through the air-inlet opening, and means eX- teriorto the air-inlet for reflecting heat against the upper surface of the pan; substantially as described.

34. In a vapor-stove the combination of a combustion-chamber,having a closed end, a firing-pan having one side open and the opposite side obstructed, so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath itthe open side of the firing-pan being located oppositebut at a distance from the closed end of the combustion-chamber, a downwardly-extending air-inlet passage terminating above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

35. In a vapor-stove the combination of a combustion-chamber having a closed end, a tiring-pan having one side open and the opposite side obstructed, so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath it, the open side of the firing-pan being located opposite but at a distance from the closed end of the combustion-chamber, a downwardly-extending air-inlet passage terminating above and in line with a portion of the tiring-pan and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the air-inlet passage; substantially as described.

36. In a vapor-stove, the combination of a combustion-chamber having one end closed and having its side Walls and bottom concaved so as to reflect heatrays toward a common point, a firing-pan arranged Within the combustion-chamber above the bottom thereof, so located as to receive the heat-rays rel-lected from the concaved sides and bottom'of the combustion-chamber, said firing-pan having one side thereof open, the open side of the firing-pan being arranged opposite to but at a distance from the closed end of the combustion-chamber, an air-inlet arranged to supply air to the uppersurface of the firing-pan and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

37. In a vapor-stove, the combination of a combustion-chamber having one end closed` and having its side Walls and bottom concaved so as to reflect heat-rays toward a common point, a tiring-pan arranged Within the combustion-chamber above the bottom thereof, so located as to receive the heatrays reliected from the concaved sides and bottom of the combustion-chamber, said firing-pan having one side thereof open, the open side of the firing-pan being arranged opposite to but at a distance from 'the closed end of the combustion-chamber, an air-inlet arranged to supply air to the uppersurface of the ring-pan and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the air-inlet; substantially as described.

38. In a vapor-stove, the combination of a combustion-chamber having a closed end, a firing-pan having one side open and the other side'provided With perforations, so arranged in the combustion-.chamber as to leave a passage beneath it, the open side of the firingpan being located opposite but at a distance from the closed end of the combustion-chamber, means for supplying air to the upper surface of the firing-pan, andmeans for feeding oil to the tiring-pan, the perforations in the side of the firing-pan opposite the open side serving to assist in clearing the ring-pan from the oilvapors; substantially as described.

39. In a vapor-stove, the combination of a combustion-chamber, having a closed end, a ring-pan having one side open and the opposite side obstructed, so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leavel a passage beneath it,the open side of the firing-pan being located opposite to but at a distance from the closed end of the combustion chamber, a doWn- Wardly-extending air-inlet passage terminating above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, the area of the discharge end of the air-inlet passage being less than the area of the firing-pan, and means for feeding oil to the firing-pan; substantially as described.

40. In a vapor-stove, the combination of a combustion-chamber having a closed end, a firing-pan having one side open and the opposite side obstructed, so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath it, the open side of the firing-pan 'being located opposite to but at a distance from the closed end of the combustion-chamber, a

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downwardly-extending air-inlet passage terminating above and in line with a portionof the tiring-pan, the area of the discharge end of the air-inlet passage being less than the area of the firing-pan, and means for feeding oil to the iiringpan through the airinlet passage; substantially as described.

4l. In a vaporstove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a tiring-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and inline with a portion of the tiring-pan, mea-ns located above the said opening for feeding oil to the firing-pan through said opening and means for conducting the flame from the firing-pan under and in contact with the bottom of said pan; substantially as described.

42. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustiomchamber, a tiring-pan so arranged within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the ring-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and inline with a portion of the tiring-pan, said opening being of less area than the ring-pan, means located above the said opening 'for feeding oil to the firing-pan, means independent of said air-inlet opening for supplying air to a portion of the pan out of line with said airinlet opening, and means for conducting flame from the ring-pan under and in contact with the bottom of said pan; substantially as described.

43. In a vapor-stove and in combination -A with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as To leave a passage between the bottom of the iring-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided with an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with a portion of the firing-pan, said opening beingof less area than the firing-pau, means located above the said opening for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the air-inlet opening, means independent of said air-inlet opening for supplying air to a portion of the pan out of line with said air-inlet opening, and means for conducting fiame from the firing-pan under and in contact with the bottom of said pan; substantially as described.

44. In a vapor-stove, having a combustionchamber, an oven and a flue leading from the combustion-chamber over the oven, a firingpan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath it, said passage communicating with the ue, an air-inlet arranged to discharge against the upper surface of the firing-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan, and passages in said flue leading from the oven; substantially as described.

45. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage between the bottom of the firing-pan and the bottom of the combustionchamber, the top of the combustion-chamber being provided With an opening for the admission of air, located above and in line with the central portion of the firing pan, said opening being of less area than the area of the firing-pan, means for feeding oil to the tiring-pan through the air-inlet opening and means independent of said air-inlet opening for supplying air to the outer portions of the firing-pan; substantially as described.

46. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath it, a casing eX- tending above the combustion-chamber to form a flame-chamber above the firing-pan, a downwardly-extending air-inlet passage formed in the casing having its discharge end of less area than the firing-pan and arranged to discharge against the central portion of the upper surface of the tiring-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan and means for supplying air to the outer portions of the firing-pan through the flame-chamber; substantially as described.

47. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged Within the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath it, a casing eX- tending above the combustion-chamber to form a llame-chamber above the ring-pan, a downwardly-extending air-inlet passage formed in the casin g, having its discharge end of less area than the firing-pan and arranged to discharge against the central portion of the upper surface of the firing-pan, means for feeding oil to the firing-pan through the airinlet and means for supplying air to the outer portions of the ring-pan through the flamechamber; substantially as described.

48. In a vapor-stove and in combination with its combustion-chamber, a firing-pan so arranged in the combustion-chamber as to leave a passage beneath it, an air-inlet of less area than the firing-pan, arranged to discharge against the upper surface of the firingpan, means for feeding oil to the lring-pan, an opening in the pan out of line with the air-inlet and a Hue leading from the openingand bent under the pan so as to discharge against its under surface; substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LOUIS DAHL.

Witnesses:

J. C. FRANKLIN, MARSHALL BLACK.

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