US726433A - Means for regulating the pressure in evaporators of cold-vapor engines. - Google Patents

Means for regulating the pressure in evaporators of cold-vapor engines. Download PDF

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US726433A
US726433A US3838800A US1900038388A US726433A US 726433 A US726433 A US 726433A US 3838800 A US3838800 A US 3838800A US 1900038388 A US1900038388 A US 1900038388A US 726433 A US726433 A US 726433A
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evaporator
cold
pressure
vapor
heat
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US3838800A
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Emil Josse
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F01K7/24—Control or safety means specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam

Definitions

  • This invention relates to engines worked by means of exhaust heat, in which vapors which are produced by exhaust heat (exhauststeam and eXh aust-gases) and boil. at a lowtemperature-for example, ammonia, sulfurous acid, &c.'are employed, these vapors passing out of the evaporator into the cold-vapor engine, being condensed in a condenser and reconveyed to the evaporator in a liquid form in any suitable manner.
  • exhaust heat exhauststeam and eXh aust-gases
  • a lowtemperature-for example, ammonia, sulfurous acid, &c.'are employed these vapors passing out of the evaporator into the cold-vapor engine, being condensed in a condenser and reconveyed to the evaporator in a liquid form in any suitable manner.
  • the invention consists in the novel arrangement and combination or parts hereinafter described and claimed.
  • the cold vapors are produced by the exhaust-steam of an 01 dinary steam -engine, which in condensing evaporates the easily-boiling fluid contained in the evaporator, then, according to the varying work of the engine, more or less eX- haust-steam-in other terms, heatie conveyed to the evaporator, and therefore also a correspondingly larger or smaller quantity of cold-vapor produced. in the evaporator.
  • it is, however, desirable in order to utilize the cold vapor advantageously to keep the pres sureih the evaporator as nearly as possible at the same degree in order that the poweronginemay always have the same force impartedto it when the vapors are admitted.
  • this' is substantially effected by altering the feed of thepower-engine when the pressure in the evaporator is too great, while when the pressecond source of heat.
  • the operation can be regulated by causing the pressure in the evaporator to act directly on a pistonslide, diaphragm, or the like, through the mo- .tion of which the supply to the cold'vapor engine can be regulated, or it can be regulated by acting directly on the distributingvalves.
  • a piston slide-valve C for example, is connected, which consists, substantially, of .a piston a, which moves in a cylinder l).
  • the piston-rod e belonging thereto is connected with a lever d, which effects the turning of a spindlef, situated in the valve-box D of the cold vapor machine by means of a suitable coupling-rod.
  • the spindle f is connected with the guiderod h of the cut-off valve g, so that by the action of the piston or the cut off valve g is simultaneously rotated, whereby the supply to the engine is varied.
  • the excess of cold vapor not taken off by the engine is discharged directly in to the condenser by means of an automatic relief-valve F, located between theevaporator A and the condenser E and weighted by an adjustable 5 spring 70.
  • the valve F is connected, through the pipe Z,with the cold-vapor chamber of the evaporator A and by the pipe m with the nondenser and is controlled by means of the spring is.
  • the tension of spring 7c is adjustable by means of a screw. When the pressure in the evaporator rises beyond the spring tension of the valve, the latter opens and allows cold vapors to flow out of the evaporator A into the condenser.
  • the cold vapors are condensed in order to be employed afresh. If the pressure of the cold vapors in the evaporator falls below the normal, auxiliary heat is conveyed to the evaporator A from a second source of heatf0r example, a steam-boilerand this supply of auxiliary heat regulated by an automatic governor G.
  • the fluid to be evaporated passes through the evaporator A through a series of pipes, which are immersed in the exhaust heat, ontering at n and escaping at 0.
  • the cold vapors under pressure in the evaporator A are conveyed through the pipe 19 to the cylinder of the pressure-regulator G, in which the piston r of the feed mechanism works.
  • the piston r is subject to the pressure of the cold vapors on one side and subject to the action of a spring (1 on the opposite side and is connected by a rod with a piston s, which is inserted in a branch pipe u as ashutting-ofi contrivance.
  • This branch leads from a source of heatfor example, a steamboiler, the receiver of a steam-engine, or the likeso that if the pressure in the evaporator A becomes too low and the correspondinglyadjusted spring q moves down the combined pistons r and s the piston-slide 3 allows auxiliary heat to reach the evaporator through the pipe i. If the pressure has again sufficiently increased, the pressure upon the lower side of the piston 1" will overcome the power of the spring q, and both pistons will resume their former position and the auxiliary heat is shut off.
  • a source of heat for example, a steamboiler, the receiver of a steam-engine, or the likeso that if the pressure in the evaporator A becomes too low and the correspondinglyadjusted spring q moves down the combined pistons r and s the piston-slide 3 allows auxiliary heat to reach the evaporator through the pipe i. If the pressure has again sufficiently increased, the pressure upon the lower side of
  • the arrangement for the automatic regulationcof the supply of auxiliary heat may be carried out in any desired manner.
  • the piston 0 may be replaced by a diaphragm, the piston-slide s by a valve, 85c.
  • the springs in the pistons and relief-valves instead of the springs in the pistons and relief-valves other arrangements such as weights, weighted levers, or the like may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Description

N0. 726,433. PATENTED APR. 28, 1903.
S B. JOSSE. MEANS FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE IN EVAPORATORS OF GOLD VAPOR ENGINES.
APPLICATION IILED DBO. 3, 1900.
I0 MODEL.
PATENT EMlL JOSSE, OF VVILMERSDORF, GERMANY.
MEANS FOR REGULl-llll lfi THE PRESSURE lN EVAPGRATORS F COLD-VAPOR; ENGlNES.-- a
srncrrrcr-irrorr forming part of Letters iPatent No. 726,d33, dated April 28,1903.
Application filed December S, 1900. Serial NO. 381388- (No model.)
To (tZZ whom it may coiwcrrt Be it known that l, EMIL Jessa, residing at WVilmersdorf, Germany, have invented certain new and useiul lhleans for Regulating the Pressure in the Evaporator in Connection with Cold-Vapor Engines, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to engines worked by means of exhaust heat, in which vapors which are produced by exhaust heat (exhauststeam and eXh aust-gases) and boil. at a lowtemperature-for example, ammonia, sulfurous acid, &c.'are employed, these vapors passing out of the evaporator into the cold-vapor engine, being condensed in a condenser and reconveyed to the evaporator in a liquid form in any suitable manner.
The invention consists in the novel arrangement and combination or parts hereinafter described and claimed.
In connection herewith it is desirable to regulate the work of the cold-vapor engine in accordance with the pressure in the cold-vapor generator. If, for example, the cold vapors are produced by the exhaust-steam of an 01 dinary steam -engine, which in condensing evaporates the easily-boiling fluid contained in the evaporator, then, according to the varying work of the engine, more or less eX- haust-steam-in other terms, heatie conveyed to the evaporator, and therefore also a correspondingly larger or smaller quantity of cold-vapor produced. in the evaporator. it is, however, desirable in order to utilize the cold vapor advantageously to keep the pres sureih the evaporator as nearly as possible at the same degree in order that the poweronginemay always have the same force impartedto it when the vapors are admitted.
According to the present inventionthis' is substantially effected by altering the feed of thepower-engine when the pressure in the evaporator is too great, while when the pressecond source of heat. When the pressure in the evaporator is too great, the operation can be regulated by causing the pressure in the evaporator to act directly on a pistonslide, diaphragm, or the like, through the mo- .tion of which the supply to the cold'vapor engine can be regulated, or it can be regulated by acting directly on the distributingvalves. Should it still happepfintwHammading thisthat there is too great a pressure in the evaporator when the cold-vapor engine is charged to the maximum, this excess of cold vapors'is conducted out of the evaporator directly, into the condenser automatically through the medium of a valve. If, on the contraryptoo small a quantity of cold vapor is produced in the evaporator, owing to a falling off in the amount of the exhaust-var por conveyed to the evaporator, thepressure in theeva'porator can be keptconstant Iby furnishing auxiliary heat to the evaporator from a second source of heat-a steam-boiler, for instance-the supply of auxiliary heat being regulated by means of one of the known automatic governors.
The figure of the accompanying drawing diagrammatically illustrates an installation working according to the present invention.
To the evaporator A of a cold-vapor engine 13 a piston slide-valve C, for example, is connected, which consists, substantially, of .a piston a, which moves in a cylinder l). The piston-rod e belonging thereto is connected with a lever d, which effects the turning of a spindlef, situated in the valve-box D of the cold vapor machine by means of a suitable coupling-rod. The spindle f is connected with the guiderod h of the cut-off valve g, so that by the action of the piston or the cut off valve g is simultaneously rotated, whereby the supply to the engine is varied. Then, for exam ple, in consequence of a greater quantity of heat more cold vapor is produced in the evaporator and the pressure there increases, the position of the piston a is altered, since it is compressed by a spring 2', which is adjustable by means of a screw. By these means the supply to the cold-vapor cylinder is increased-t. a, more cold vapor passes from the evaporator and the pressure in the latter is reduced to its normal. Instead of allowing the motion of the piston a to act on the distributing-valves (in the present case the cutoff Valve g) this motion may be employed for operating a throttle contrivance fitted into the cold-vaponsupply pipe. Further, instead of the piston-slide a a diaphragm or the like may be employed.
W hen the cold-vapor engine is charged to the maximum and owing to the continuous and increased supply of heat the pressure of the cold vapor in the evaporator increases,
the excess of cold vapor not taken off by the engine is discharged directly in to the condenser by means of an automatic relief-valve F, located between theevaporator A and the condenser E and weighted by an adjustable 5 spring 70. The valve F is connected, through the pipe Z,with the cold-vapor chamber of the evaporator A and by the pipe m with the nondenser and is controlled by means of the spring is. The tension of spring 7c is adjustable by means of a screw. When the pressure in the evaporator rises beyond the spring tension of the valve, the latter opens and allows cold vapors to flow out of the evaporator A into the condenser. In the condenser, around which cooling water is constantly flowing, the cold vapors are condensed in order to be employed afresh. If the pressure of the cold vapors in the evaporator falls below the normal, auxiliary heat is conveyed to the evaporator A from a second source of heatf0r example, a steam-boilerand this supply of auxiliary heat regulated by an automatic governor G.
The fluid to be evaporated passes through the evaporator A through a series of pipes, which are immersed in the exhaust heat, ontering at n and escaping at 0. Thus it will be seen that what may be termed two separate chambers are provided, one for the vapors and the other for the heating medium. The cold vapors under pressure in the evaporator A are conveyed through the pipe 19 to the cylinder of the pressure-regulator G, in which the piston r of the feed mechanism works. The piston r is subject to the pressure of the cold vapors on one side and subject to the action of a spring (1 on the opposite side and is connected by a rod with a piston s, which is inserted in a branch pipe u as ashutting-ofi contrivance. This branch leads from a source of heatfor example, a steamboiler, the receiver of a steam-engine, or the likeso that if the pressure in the evaporator A becomes too low and the correspondinglyadjusted spring q moves down the combined pistons r and s the piston-slide 3 allows auxiliary heat to reach the evaporator through the pipe i. If the pressure has again sufficiently increased, the pressure upon the lower side of the piston 1" will overcome the power of the spring q, and both pistons will resume their former position and the auxiliary heat is shut off.
The arrangement for the automatic regulationcof the supply of auxiliary heat may be carried out in any desired manner. For example, the piston 0 may be replaced by a diaphragm, the piston-slide s by a valve, 85c. Furthermore, instead of the springs in the pistons and relief-valves other arrangementssuch as weights, weighted levers, or the like may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s
1. The combination of an evaporator,means for admitting heat to said evaporator from a suitable exhaust, auxiliary means for supplying said evaporator with heat and means for automatically controlling the supply from the auxiliary means by the pressure in the evaporator.
2. The combination of an evaporator having a chamber for the vapor and a separate chamber for the heating medium, means for admitting heat to the heating-chamber from a suitable exhaust, auxiliary means in commu nication with the heating-chamber for conducting an auxiliary supply of heat thereto and means in communication with the vaporchamber for automatically controlling the flow of heat from the auxiliary means by the pressure in the vapor-chamber.
3. The combination of a cold-vapor engine, an evaporator in communication therewith, a condenser which is likewise in communication with the evaporator and spring-restored means for automatically opening the communication between the evaporator and condenser when the pressure in the evaporator becomes too great.
4:. The combination of a cold-vapor engine, an evaporator in communication therewith, means for automatically controlling the supply of cold vapor to the engine by the pressure in the evaporator, means for admitting heat to said evaporator from a suitable exhaust, auxiliary means for supplying said evaporator with heat and means for automatically controlling the supply from the auxiliary means by the pressure in the evaporator.
5. The combination of a cold-vapor engine, an evaporator in communication therewith, means for automatically controlling the supply of cold vapor to the engine by the pressure in the evaporator, a condenser which is likewise in communication with the evaporator and means for automatically opening the communication between the evaporator and condenser when the pressure in the evaporator becomes too great.
6. The combination of a cold-vapor engine, an evaporator in communication therewith, means for automaticallycontrollingthe supply of cold vapor to the engine by the pressure in the evaporator, means for admitting heat to said evaporator from a suitable exhaust, auxiliary means for supplying said evaporator with heat, means for automatically controlling the supply from the auxiliary means by the pressure in the evaporator, a condenser which is likewise in communication with the evaporator and means for automatically opening the communication between the evaporator and condenser when the pressure in the evaporator becomes too great.
EMIL JOSSE.
US3838800A 1900-12-03 1900-12-03 Means for regulating the pressure in evaporators of cold-vapor engines. Expired - Lifetime US726433A (en)

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