US723704A - Engine-lathe. - Google Patents

Description

No. 723,704. v PATIENTED MAR. '24, 1903; J. H. MONTSTREAM, W. L. SGHELLENBAGH & W. LODGE.-

ENGINE LATHE.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 19', 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHBBTZ.

no MODEL.

m M M NITED STATES PATENT nron.

JOHN H. MONTSTREAM, WVILLIAM L. SCHELLENBACH, AND WVILIJIAM LODGE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE LODGE & SHIPLEY MACHINE TOOL COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION.

ENGlNE-L ATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 723,704, dated March 24, 1903.

Application filed April 19, 1902.

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN H. MoNTs'rREAM,

,useful Improvements in Engine-Lathes, of

which the following is a specification. Our invention relates to a new lathe, which we term, from its chief function, a rapid-; reduction lathe. The general principles of construction of this lathe make it possible to reduce from any given diameter of work six to ten times the amount of metal in a single I 5 out than would be possible with the lathe such as is now in general use.

The primary object of our lathe is, therefore, to produce a construction which may be subjected to the immense strain resulting from the application of great power. Our construction is designed of such strength that three inches of metal may betaken from the diameter of the work at one out.

Another object of our invention is to so con- 2 5 struct the lathe that substantially all of the strains of the machine in operation are borne thereby in a line approximately straight that is, as nearly as may be centrally relative. to the lathe-bed.

The conventional lathe now in use has its points of work supported and strain disposed in the form of an equilateral triangle in which one apex is represented by one of the centers, the other two apices being the opposite sides 3 5 of the lathe-bed, which the carriage and tailstock straddle and upon which they slide and have their bearings. As a result the machine of this type cannot stand a strain anywhere near proportionate the strain which a machine 0 ofsuch size and proportion should bear. The strain imparted by the work revolving between centers throws a heavy downward strain through the tool upon the carriage, which strain is usually borne by the bridge of the carriage and thrown upon the extreme outer bearings of the lathe-bed a considerable distance from the center. The strain imparted by the work revolving between centers imparts to the dead-center or tail-stock Serial No. 103,810. (No model.)

an upward or lifting strain proportionate to 0 the degree of power involved. This lifting strain is likewise distributed by the straddling tail-stock upon the same ways which sustain the strain of the tool, and hence these two opposite strains, the upward and downward strains,-resulting from the tail-stock pressure and the carriage pressure, respectively, have a spreading tendency exerted upon the sides of the lathe equidistant from the middle. 7 The straddling of the ways on the bed by the tail-stock limits the movement of, the carriage, so that it cannot travel past the same. Likewise the straddling of a carriage is a limitation of its own movement in either direction. Hence it is impossible to mount a plurality of tools on a machine of this character in such a manner that they may be carried past the ends of the .work held between centers in either direction of carriage travel. With our improvement the carriage is gibbed absolutely upon one side of the centers, extending inward on its ways well 'in toward the center of the lathe-bed, so

as to have its bearings substantially in line with the lathe-centers. The tai1-stock is gibbed. entirely upon an independent way upon the opposite side of the carriage, having its bearings upon the under side of its ways and almost directly in the middle of the bed in a substantially vertical line with the lathecenters.

By our construction the downward strain. of the carriage and the upward strain of the tail-stock are eachindependently borne by their respective ways and in a line substantially directly under the centers; also, all of the strains from the work are transmitted in a shortest possible line to the soundest portion of the lathe structure. As a result, the machine will stand the application-of suftio cient power to turn any piece of'work the machinewill receive. Therefore a plurality of adjustable cutting-tools to beseated in proper position on the carriage is permitted, so that each tool has the same bearing-sur- 5 face, and the carriage may travel on its independent ways and completely pass the tailstock, so as to clear when all the tools are in position. By this means a piece of work may be finished-say a lathe-spindle having as many as ten diametersusing only a travel of the. carriage equal in length to the length of the longest diameter on the piece.

The various features of our invention will be more fully set forth in the description of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in whieh-- Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the complete lathe. Fig. 2 is an end elevation from the tail-stock end. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the lathe-bed.

A represents the bed of the lathe, fitted upon the pedestal A A (see Figs. 1 and 2,) having the head-stock 13 formed integral therewith at one end. The pedestal A is extended frontward and forms a base for the support of the driving mechanisms.

G and D represent ways formed upon opposite sides of the lathe-bed, the way 0 forming the sole support for the movable carriage and the way D the sole support for the sliding tail-stock. It will be observed that the inner edges of these ways, respectively, are extended inwardly substantially to the middle of the lathe-frame. The under side of the inner ledge D of the tail-stock way is provided with an under bearing-surface which is substantially in the line of the lathe-centers. It may vary a small amount from the exact vertical position under the centers; but the idea is to bring it as nearly as possible in line with the lathe-centers, so that the tailstock may have an under bearing as nearly as possible in the direct line of strain imparted by the work revolving between the centers to the dead-center or tail-stock.

The tail-stock way is inclined upwardly and outwardly, as shown in Fig. 3, at substantially an angle of forty-five degrees. The frame of the machine upon this side is outcurved to form a suitable base for the inclined tail-stock way. i

(t represents metal webs or struts bridged across the frame of the machine between the two independent ways in a line under the lathe-centers.

C represents the bearing-way formed on the carriage or front side of the machine upon which the apron of the carriage is supported and travels. The way 0 has two opposite bearing-ledges G the inner ledge 0 being carried inwardly approximating the middle of the bed. These two opposing ledges C C of the carriage-way and the ledge D of the tail-stock way are separated sufficiently to allow the carriage and tail-stock to pass one another when mounted on their respective ways. The tail-stock way D is, if anything, nearer the middle than the carriageway in order that when the tail-stock is mounted in position its innermost portion may be directly in vertical line with the lathe-centers. (See Fig. 2.)

B represents the head-stock block cast integral with the frame, having a bearing for the spindle.

I B represents a bearing-cap which is suitably bolted to the head-stock proper.

B represents a spindle-sleeve journaled within the head-stock bearing, within which sleeve the spindle proper or live-center is fixed. The end of the sleeve is provided with a flange to which the Work-chuck B is suitably secured by means of bolts passing through slots in the flange of the spindle-sleeve B The pedestal A is extended beyond theheadstock and forms a support for the driving mechanism. E represents a driving-shaft, upon the outer end of which is fixed a driving-pulley E. The outer end of the shaft is journaled in a bearing-bracket E, secured to the top of the pedestal A. 1 and 2 represent different diameter gear-wheels, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1,) formed together and adapted to slide on shaft E. The journalbracket E is upwardly and outwardly extended, having a journal-bearing G in its upper end. G represents another journalbracket, fixed t0 the head-stock of the lathe opposite to the journal-bearing G. Within the journal-bearings G G is journaled a studshaft G parallel with the driving-shaft E. (See Fig. '1.)

g represents a sleeve fixed to the shaft G having the gear 5. formed on the inner end. Aifixed to the outer end of said sleeve are the geai wheels 3 and t. 6 represents the driven gear-wheel fixed to the spindle-driving sleeve B The gears 3 and 4: are of different diameters, the peripheries of which lie normally between the peripheries of the gear-wheels 1 and 2. Thus through proper manipulation gear 1 on shaft E may be brought into mesh with the small-diameter gear-wheel 3 upon the stud-shaft G so that the lathe-spindle will be driven through gears 1, 3, 5, and 6, and if moved in the opposite direction the lathe-spindle is driven through gear-wheels 2, 4, 5, and 6.

H represents the tailstock bed, having the bearing-surfaces H 1-1 which engage the rcspective ledges D D of the tail-stock way.

I represents the tail-stock in which is contained the deadcenter I, the tail-stock being adjustably secured upon the face of the tail-stock bed H.

1 represents a clamping-cap loosely fitted to the upper ledge I of the tail-stock by means of bolts I tapping through said clam ping-cap into the said ledge 1 When these bolts are turned up tight, the tail-stock is clam ped rigidly on the ways. The dead-coin ter is operated in the ordinary manner by the hand-wheel J and the screw J engaging into the rear of the dead-center.

K represents an adjustingnut provided with the hand-leverK. The said nuthas two interior screw-threaded peripheries of dilferent diameters, the larger of which is screwthreaded onto the end of the tail-stock. The

internal periphery of the adjusting-nut K' is screw-threaded onto a tapered wedge-ring or clamping member K fitting over the deadcenter and into a tapered recess in the end of the tail-stock. By turning the hand-lever K this wedging-ring K is moved inwardly or outwardly between the tail-stock and the dead-center to clamp or release the dead-center. The tail-stock I is mounted in a transverse guideway on the tail-stock member H. and is powerfully secured thereto by bolts 72 in vertical and horizontal planes.

L represents a course-pitch lead-screw j ournaled in brackets Z Z, secured to the side of the frame, having a gear 8 fixed at one end.

M represents a gearbox containing variablespeed gearing for transmitting a varying speed from the driving-spindle sleeve 13 said sleeve being provided with teeth milled onto its periphery to the lead-screw gear 8.

T represents three tool-supports adjustably mounted upon the face of the carriage.

U represents handwheels,whereby the tools may be fed into any predetermined depth of work. l

P represents a hand-wheel for feeding the carriage. V

S represents a hand-lever for operating the power-feed. V

16 represents a rack-gear operated by handlever S for engaging and disengaging the carriage-power-feeding mechanism. The carriage and apron are gibbed upon the bearings O, 0 and C of the carriage-way O.

J represents hand wheel for operating dead-center.

The most important feature of this invention is the bed construction supporting the tail-stock way. It will be observed that the tail-stock way D is supported by two upright walls t t, respectively. (See dotted lines Fig. 2.) The wall If is the outer wall on the rear of the machine, which is outcurved, forming the outwardly-swelled contour. (Seenin perspective in Fig. 3.) The upperinner edge of wall t is undercut, to which undercut the tailstock is gibbed. It will be noted that this way is shown in a plane at right angle to the perpendicular plane of the strainthat is, the vertical plane of the machine-centers. The result of this square undercut is, first, that the direct upward vertical strain on the tail stock is resisted in approximately a straight line; second, the tail-stock way presents a resisting surface to the strain of the tail-stock in a plane transverse to the plane of the strain, and, third, this strain is practically in the direct .line of the vertical wall 25', going down to the base of the bed. The result of this is that Whatever the degree of the work there is no spreading or wedging action.

If the gibbed engagement of tail-stock with the undercut way D were in a plane inclined upwardly and inwardly toward the plane of strain, obviously the strain would impart a wedging or camming action in an outward or lateral direction, tending, as it were, to topple over sidewise to the wall if. Such gibbed relation would materially decrease the strength and efficiency of the structure; but, as shown, the strain tends, as it were, to bodily uproot the wall i.

a (see Fig. 3) represents cross struts or webs uniting the upper portions of the carriage and tail-stock ways. Also by inclining the ways D D as shown, from the inner ledge outwardly and upward a rigid bed structure is obtained. Besides the rigidity thisconstruction allows a comparatively small tails'tock to be employed and also dispenses with the necessity of a leaning tail-stock-or a tailstock built over toward the center. While the undercut is at right angles to the perpen dicular, preferably, it will be understood that it might be in a plane inclined upwardly and outwardly from the plane of strain,,the vital consideration being that the vertical upward strain or pull of the tail-stock on this undercut of the tail-stock way should not be'in a direction laterally away from the machinecenters, which always results in a camming or outwardly-wedging strain of the tail-stock way.

Having described ourinvention, we claim- 1. In a lathe, a bed having a carriage-way and a tail-stock way, separated at their ad jacent edges, the tail-stock way being undercut at its inner edge approximately in the vertical plane of the tail-stock center,whereby the tail-stock has an undergibbed engage-- ment with said way approximately in said plane, the said tail-stock way being inclined to the horizontal in a direction upwardlyand outwardly from the inner ledge of the way, substantially as described.

2. In an engine-lathe, a bed, carriage and tail-stock ways with their inner edges sepa* rated, the inner edge of the tail-stock way being approximately in the vertical plane of the machine centers, and undercut at approximately right angles thereto, substan tially as shown and described.

3. In an engine-lathe, a bed, carriage and tail-stock ways separated at their inner edges, a vertical wall supporting the inner edge of the tail-stock way, and extending to the base of the bed, the said wall being approximately in the vertical plane of the machine centers, and undercut at'its upper inner edge in a plane substantially at right angles to the perpendicular, providing for the undercutgibbed engagement of the tail-stock substantially under the machine centers, substantially as shown and described.

4:. In an engine-lathe, a bed, carriage and iog tail-stock ways separated at their inneredges, a vertical wall supporting the inner edge of 4 the tail-stock way, and extending to the base of the bed, the said wall being approximately 1 in the vertical plane of the machine centers, and undercut at its upper inner edge in a plane substantially at right angles to the perpendicular, providing for the undercut gibbed engagement of the tail-stock, and webs of metal uniting the tail-stock and carriage Ways ata point below the path of travel of the tailstock and carriage, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set [0 our hands.

JOHN H. MONTSTREAM. \VILLIAM L. SOHELLENBACH. WILLIAM LODGE.

Witnesses S. Ross, OLIVER B. KAISER.

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