US718603A - Domestic fire-grate. - Google Patents

Description

No. 718,603. PATENIED JAN. 20, 1903. J. J. OHAVASSE. DOMESTIC FIRE GRATE.

APPLTOATION FILED APR. 9, 1901. H0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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J-- J. GHAVASSE.

DOMESTIC FIRE GB ATE APPLICATION FILED APR. 9, 1901.

N0 MODEL 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

JAMES JOHNSON CI-IAVASSE, OF NAUNTON, ENGLAND.

DOMESTIC FIRE-G RATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,603, dated January 20, 1 903.

Application filed April 9,1901. Serial No. 55,039. (No model.)

To all whom, it ntcty concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES JOHNSON CHA- VASSE, mineral-water-works manager, a subject of His Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Naunton, Holt, near Worcester, in the county of Worcester, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Domestic Fire-Grates, of which the following is a specification.

This invention consists of the herein-described improvements in domestic fire-grates, so as to economize the fuel and increase the percentage of effective heat that is derived therefrom. A room provided with a firegrate constructed according to my invention can be more effectually heated by burning a small quantity of slack on the grate than is possible with burning a much larger quantity of coal in an ordinary fire-grate.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, on which- Figure 1 is a front view, partly in section, of a domestic fire-grate constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the same above the grate-bottom. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the same. Fig. 4: is a sectional plan of the same below the grate-bottom. Fig. 5 is a separate view of part of the air-regulator. Fig. 6 shows one of the fire-brick slabs of the grate, and Fig. 7 is a sectional plan of the grate below the grate-bottom to illustrate a modification of my invention.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In carrying out my invention the two sides of the fire-grate which incline toward the back are formed of fire-brick slabs a b, which readily absorb the heat of the fire, and they are by preference made corrugated on their front surfaces 0, so as to increase the area of the surface from which the heat is thrown off. Each of these fire-brick slabs a b has two small vertical air-passages, marked, respectively, d, e, f, and g, extending right up the back of the slabs from bottom to top and arranged side by side at a short distance apart, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 7. The air-passages d and e communicate by a horizontal passage h (formed as a rabbet in the slabsa, b) with an air-inlet 1; at the lower part of the front of the grate, and the air-passages fand g on the other side communicate by a similar horizontal passage 3' with another air-inlet at the lower part of the grate. The opening of the air-inlets t' and it is regulated .by the slides Z m. In the top of the firegrate there is an outlet 12 to the chimney, with which these air-passages d e f g communicate. The grate-bottom is made with bars 0 across from side to side at short intervals apart and provided with an air-regulating slide 10, which have alternate cross-bars q and openings 1', corresponding with the grate-bars o and the openings between them. This regulating-slide p is carried and can slide to and fro on side bearers s t, which are made to fit against the corrugated fire-brick side slabs ab. By pulling the air-regulating slide 19 forward the openings between the grate-bars o for air to pass through the fire are regulated or entirely closed, as may be required.

At the front of the grate, below the level of the bars 0, there is an air-regulator u for the purpose of regulating or shutting off the supply of air to the space under the gratebars.

The back of the fire-grate is by preference formed of a fire-brick slab 1:, made corrugated on the front face like the side slabs a and b.

When the fire is burning in the grate, the fire-brick sides a b become heated and cause constant drafts of cool air up the side pas sages d e f g and up the chimney, thereby furnishing a constantly operating checkdraft. The quantity of heat thus thrown out from the sides'can be regulated by the damper-slides Zm, which, as aforesaid, regulate the quantity of air entering the passages h and passing up the side passages d efg. The fire can also be regulated by means of the airregnlating slide 19, which regulates the amount of air passing up through the grate-bars and the fire.

When the fire-grate is constructed as above described, I find that the combustion is .Very slow and that a very large percentage of heat is given off into the room instead of passing up the chimney, and I get more heat from burning slack in the grate than can be obtained from burning the same weight of coal in-an ordinary fire-grate.

If desired, the slab 1) may, as shown in Fig. 7, be formed with a vertical air-passage w, up

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which a current of cool air passes to the chimney from the bottom horizontal passage :0, communicating with the two horizontal coolair passages h andj.

For bed-room fire-grates and other small fire-grates, in which the fire-brick slabs a b are made considerably smaller than in the grate above described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6, the said slabs a b are each made with only one of the vertical passages d e f g.

Thefront surfaces of the side slabs a b may, if desired,---be made plain instead of corrugated; but I find that the corrugated surface gives the best results, owing to its larger surface area.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A domestic fireplace having a grate, a slide JAMES JOHNSON CHAVASSE.

'Witncsses:

CHARLES Bosworarn KELLEY, THOMAS JOHN ROWE.

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