US718260A - Baking-oven. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTBD 11111.13, 1003. 1

P. E. LASKOWSKI. BAKINGr OVEN.

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No- 718,260- PATENTED JAN. 1a, 1903. P. ELASKOWSKI.,

BAKING OVEN. f

AYPLIUATION PIL'BD APR. 28, 1902.

I0 MODEL. l 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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pose UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER E. LASKOWSKI, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

BAKING-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 718,260, dated. January 13, 1903.

Application filed April 28, 1902;

To all whom i may concern:

Be it known that l, PETER E. LAsKowsKr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its objects the production of an oven in which the heat can be perfectly regulated and which can be easily and economically constructed andwhich can be easily dismantled and removed to another place and set up again. Other objects will be further stated.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure l is an isometric view of my oven viewed from the front from a slight elevation and at one side of the center thereof. Fig. 2 is across-section through the smoke-stack. Fig. 3 is a cross section through the heat regulating pipe. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical sec-Y tion a little to one side of the center.

A is the baking-chamber, having a slightlyrounded top composed of two thicknesses of vsheet metal B, with an asbestos packing@` interposed therebetween, which is strengthened by a longitudinal rib D. The sides and back and front ends of the baking-chamber are composed of two thicknesses of sheet metal, with a packing of sand between. Asbestos packing couldbe used instead of sand,butI prefer sand, as it is cheaper and holds the heat better. I prefer asbestos for the top, as it is lighter; but sand may be used, if desired. The bottom is formed of asingle thickness of sheet metal E, which supports the bakingfloor F, composed of some vitreous substance, preferably of red brick. In the front end wall of the baking-chamber is an opening Gr, the bottom ot' which slopes downward, and the outer edge lies below the baking-door, as shown in Fig. 4. This opening is closed by a vertically-movable double door I-I, which moves in guides I and is opened by a chain or rope .I or other suitable means. The purin having the opening into the bakingchamber at the front lower than the iioor of the baking-chamber is to enable the operator to place material to be baked in the chamber without raising the door the full height of the material being passed therein above the Serial No.105,125. (Nomodel.)

floor, as he would have to do if the outer edge of the opening were on a level with the floor, the sloping bottom of the opening enabling him to keep the bottom` of the door nearer to the plane of the iioor of the chamber, andthereby prevent theescape of heat which would otherwise escape if the door were raised the full height of the material above the door. Should the door not fit perfectly tight at the bottom, less heat will escape through the crack than if siich crack were in the sannev plane as the bottom otchamber. The sheet-metal bottom of the baking chamber at its outer edges turns downward till it meets the outer bottom wall L. It is supported by three I-beams K, which rest on the outer bottom wall L of the outer casing, which with such casing and the bottom of the chamber form longitudinallyextending draft-fines M and S from the furnaces N and R to the back of the bakingchamber. Furnace N is centrally located and discharges its products of combustion int/o iiues This bottom wall is supported Vby legs O and in the rear of the furnaceis of double thickness and is nearer the baking- Chamber than it is under the furnaces.

On each side of furnace N, adjacent to the side walls of the outer casing P, are furnaces R, which rdischarge the products of combustion thereof partly into-fines S, formed by the bottom casing of the bakingchamber, the outer I-beams, and the bottom wall of -the outer casing, which flues extend to the back of and under the baking-chamben'and partly into the side and vtop fines T. The front, side, and top walls of the outer casing are double and have a packing of sand U between the two sheets thereof to retain the heat. Running longitudinally on the top of the baking-chamber are I-beams V, which extend to and support the topl outer casing and with such casing and the top of the baking chamber form the top draft-hue W, which extends from the back ue X to front wall of the outer casing. Extending across this top ue, just back of the smoke-stack Y, is a partition-wall Z, which is provided with a number of openings therethrough which are closed by the removable caps a, which are removed therefrom when a hot re is wanted in the furnaces and are put back when' the IOO smoke from the fine has all practically passed up the smoke-stack and When it is desired to hold the heat around the baking-chamber for slow baking. Access is had to these caps by door b, Which swings, preferably, inwardly, as shown in Fig. 4. In the I-beams Which form the sides of the top flue are openings which are controlled by swinging dampers c, having handles c', which extend through the front wall of the oven, so that the openings may be opened to permit the products of combustion from the furnaces R which pass into fines T to escape therethrough and thence out of the smoke-stack instead of having to travel to the back flue and then pass therethrough and through the top flue and thence out of the smoke-stack.

Leading fromthe top of the baking-chamber and out through the top Wall of the oven is the heat-regulating pipe d, the opening through which is controlled by damper e, having handlefextending to the front of the oven. This regulating-pipe affords convenient means to ventilate the oven and to draw off any steam that may accumulate in the oven or to permit any excess of heat in the oven to escape therefrom. It also aords ready means to clear the oven of the steam used therein in baking those products which require steam in the oven While being baked. A steam-generator 7L is provided to supply steam to the oven when required in baking. A hot-Water chamber t' is connected to the oven to supply hot Water when required. The spaces between furnace N and furnaces R form roasting-chambersj, which are provided With doors it, through Which articles to be roasted are put into and taken out of the roasting-chambers. The casing of my oven is made from sheet metal and is put together with small stove-bolts, so that the several sections may be easily taken apart, thereby rendering it portable. By this construction it will be observed that the heat can be perfectly regulated, as fire may be built in one or more furnaces and may be of different intensity in the diiferent furnaces, and the products of combustion from the side furnaces may be caused to' travel the entire length of the baking-chamber and then back to nearly the front thereof at the top, or they can be permitted to pass up the side and over the top, at the front thereof, or to take a similar travel farther back from the front, thus enabling the operator to keep perfect control of the heat in the baking-cham ber. A light box or opening m is provided to permit the inspection of material being baked. Dampers may be used in the partition of the top fine.

Having described my invention, What I claim as new, andA desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. An oven comprising a baking-chamber having double top, bottom, back and front Walls of sheet metal with a packing therebetween of non-combustible heat-retaining rina-Y terial, and a floor provided with a lining of brick, said chamber having an opening in the front Wall, the outer bottom edge of which is below the plane of the baking-floor; a Vertically-sliding door adapted to close said opening; a plurality of longitudinally-extending flues beneath said door; a plurality of furnaces beneath and at the front end of said flues in communication therewith; flues at the sides of said chamber extending partly over the top and to the back of said chamber in communication with the side furnaces; a back iiue; a top iiue extending longitudinally and centrally over the top of said chamber from the back to the front thereof, said top flue being provided With a perforated partition in the rear of the smoke-stack; caps to cover the perforations in said partition when desired; openings in the side walls of the top flue; dampers to control said openings; and a smoke-stack.

2. In a bakers oven three furnaces in the front thereof under the floor of the bakingchamber; the central furnace being in communication With a plurality of fines extending longitudinally beneath the baking-chamber iioor; each of the side furnaces being in communication with a longitudinal fine beneath the baking-chamber door, and also in communication with side ues, in combination With a baking-chamber provided with ilues as described.

3. In a baking-oven, the combination of a baking-chamber; bottom fines extending longitudinally the baking-chamber flues at the sides and over a portion of the top thereof; a back flue; and a longitudinally centrally extending top ilue in communication With said bottom and side flues; and a smoke-stack.

4. In a baking-oven side iiues extending longitudinally the sides of the baking-chamber, a longitudinally-extending flue disposed over the top of the baking-chamber having openings in the sides thereof in communication With said side iues, and dampers to control said openings.

5. In a baking-oven a longitudinally-extending iiue disposed over the top of the baking-chamber in communication With the smoke-stack; said flue having apartition-Wall extending thereacross in the rear of the smoke-stack, said partition being provided with a plurality of openings therethrough, removable caps adapted to close the openings in said partition.

In Witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 7th day of April, 1902.

PETER E. LASKOWSKI.

Witnesses:

G. E. HARPHAM,

M. C. NIoKELEsoN, HENRY T. HAZARD.

IIC

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