US715921A

US715921A - Feed mechanism for screw-cutting lathes.

Info

Publication number: US715921A
Application number: US7393001A
Authority: US
Inventors: William Alexander Wood
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-08-31
Filing date: 1901-08-31
Publication date: 1902-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 1919-12-16

Description

Nu.7|5,92|. l Patented Dec= 16,1902'. w. A. worm.-l

FE'ED MECHNISM FR SCREW CUTTING LATHES.

y (Application med Aug. s1, 196m ma model.)

4 shbets-Shee I.

WITNEssEg- No. 7|5,92|. Y Patentednec; 16, |902.

. W. A. WOOD.'

` FEED MEcHANlsM FOB scnEw CUTTING LATH'Es.

K (Application filed Aug, 31, 1901,) f

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.-

EIGB. z

1 62 Y *93 48 .v ,f 66' y 544 l or 7p WITNESSES: 4434? @g 9 ufxvfiNToRv -g a; 90 714A.. WWA. 90 7.5' BY@ 7293 Y 70 62.9 a ATTORNEY Patented Dec. I6, |902.

w; A. wojn, FEED MECHANISII FOB SCREW CUTTINGLATHES.

(Application med Aug. s1; 1901.)

1 4 Sheets-#Shed 3.

(Ng Model.)

WITNESSES:

, No. 715,92l. l Patenten nec. I6, |902.v

A w. A. woon. fFEED MECHANISM FOR SCREW CUTTING LATHES.

v 'Application led Aug. 31, 1901;)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(no Modell) mvENToR WAV/*rwt- WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES Y PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM ALEXANDER`WOOD, OF ,ANSONIA, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGE HILLARD BENJAMIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FEEDMECHKANIYSM FOR SCREW-CUTTING LATHES. l

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 715,921, dated December 16, 1902.

y Application tiled August 31, 1901. SerialrNo. 73,930. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM ALEXANDER4 WOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ansonia, county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Variable-Speed l Mechanism, of which the following isa speci'- fication.

My invention relates generally to mechanism for transmitting motion at different rates of speed from a driving member moving ata uniformrate of speed; and more specifically it consists of an improved form of such mechanism, together with means for starting, stopping, and reversing the same, both automatically and manually, cspeciallyfapplicable to engine-lathes.

The best form of mechanism at present known to me which embodies my invention is illustrated'in the accompanying four sheets of drawings, in whichy Figure l is a front view of a portion of a lathe to which my invention has been applied. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line ct o, of Fig. 1.- Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line b h of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a part of the lower portion of the frame, showing the stop-rod and its connecting parts. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section taken on the line c c of Fig. 1 looking inthe direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section taken on the line d d of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line e cof Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a vertical cross-section on the line ff of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail view showing a portion of the mechanism for automatically stopping movement of the feed-screw. Fig. 10 is an end view of the machine looking from the left of Fig. 1. Fig. 11 is an enlarged vertical longitudinal section of the reversing-gear and of a portion of the speed-varying gear. Fig. 12 is a detail View of two ofthe reversing-gears, showing the grooved faces thereof. Fig. 13 is a front view of one of the speed-varying gears.

Throughout thedrawings similar numerals indicate corresponding parts.

The lathe to which, my invention has been.

applied, as shown in the drawings, has the rpins 24 24 the grooves 28 28.

usual bed 1, head-stock 2, spindle 3, conepulley 4,

andgears

5 and 6, with which the

backl gears

7 and 8, mounted on shaft 9, engage when manipulated by the handle 10, which will not need further description.

A Mounted on the left-hand end of the spindle 3 and arranged to rotate with the spindle through the instrumentality of a spline 12 is a collar 11, provided with a circumferential groove, as shown. Secured to the right-hand side of this collar is a gear 13. (See Figs. 8 and 11.) Mounted upon a stud-shaft 17, projecting to the left from the head-stock, is a similar collar 16 and gear 15. This collar and gear are free to revolve around the stud-shaft 17. The

collars

11 and 16 are each provided with a pin `24 24, which under the action of springs 25 25 are pressed forward to the right.

Mounted loosely upon the spindle 3 and upon the stud-shaft 17 are the

gears

26 and 27. These gears are in mesh at all times and have formed in their faces opposite to the (See Fig. l2.) The gears 13 15 on the collars 11 16 do not intermesh directly; but mounted loosely upon an adjacent stud-shaft projecting to the left from the head-stock (see Fig. 8) is an idlergear 14, which at all times is in mesh with the gears 13 15.

In Fig. 7 of the drawings the collar 11 is shown as thrown to the right. Consequently the pin 24 engages the slot 2S of the gear 26.'

When the parts are in this position, the direction of movement of the gearing will'jbe such that with the connections shown the feedscrew 65, Fig. l, will rotate in the same direction as the cone-pulley4; but when the collar 16 is thrown inward (to the right) and the collar 11 outward (to the left) the rotation of the feed-screw will be in the reverse direction. The mechanism by reason of which movement is imparted to the

collars

11 and 16 will hereinafter be described.

Mounted loosely upon a fixed shaft 32, secured to the head-stock, are the three different-sized gears 29 30, and 31. (See Figs. 7and 11.) These gears may be formed of a solid piece or as single gears secured together. The largest of these gears 29 is permanently .in mesh with the gear 27 on the stud-shaft 17.

Depending from the shaft 32 is a hanger IOO 34. A similar hanger 34=L depends from a short shaft 33, secured to the head-stock.

Mounted in the lower ends of the hangers 34 34L is a shaft 60, on which is secured a number of different-sized gears 59, arranged to form a solid cone, with the largest gear at the left. Twelve such gears are shown. The num ber of gears is not material. I, however, prefer to use nine or twelve gears.

Mounted loosely in the hangers 34 34a, above the gears 59, is a hollow shaft 35, and mounted loosely upon the left hand of this shaft are the three

gears

39, 40, aud 41. These gears are respectively in mesh with the gears 29 30 3l on the fixed shaft 32. The gears 39 40 41 have formed in their inner periphery a slot or seat 42, adapted to receive the head of a pivoted key 37. The shaft 35 is slotted at 43 to permit the passage of the key. The key 37 is connected to a sliding handle 36 and normally held up in engagement with one of the seats 42 by a spring 36.

It will be seen by reference to Fig. 11 that by means of the key 37 either one of the gears 39 40 41 may be fixed upon the shaft 35. In Fig. 11 the gear 4l is shown so fixed. In order to bring the key 37 in position to engage with a key-seat 42 in one of the gears 39 40 4l, a hand-wheel 44 is located on the lefthand end of the shaft 35. By rotating this hand-wheel the shaft 35, and with it the key 37, may be rotated into the required position for engagement of the key with one of the key-seats.

It will be understood that by reason of the gears 39 40 41 and the key 37 three different speeds may be imparted to the shaft 35.

Mounted loosely upon the shaft 35 are the clutch-gears 45 and 46, of two diameters, that of 46 being the greater. Mounted upon the shaft 35 is a double-face clutch 43. This clutch is secured to the shaft 35 by means of a pin 49, which moves in a slot or keyway in the shaft 35. Formed in the periphery of the clutch is a groove 48, in which ride the pins 54 54, Fig. 5, projecting inwardly from the yoke 53, which has its bearings and is adapted to slide on the stud-shaft 32, extending to the right from the left-hand wall of the headstock in which it is mounted, as before described. Motion is given to this clutch when desired by means of the handle 56, which projects from the front of the machine, is pivoted at 57 on the bed of the lathe, and is connected to the yoke 53 bypin 55. (See Figs. l, 5, and 7.) By moving the handle 56 to the right or to the left the clutch may be caused to engage with either the gear 45 or 46. The particular form of the clutch is not material. That shown consists of an ordinary clutch having projecting pins 5l 51, which take into holes or arc-shaped slots 52 52 upon the inner faces of the gears 45 and 46. The gears 45 46 are respectively shown in mesh with gears 591L and 59" of the cone-gears 59.

I will now describe how the feed-screw is thrown into engagement with the gears 59 in order that motion at different speeds may be imparted to it.

65 indicates the feed-screw.

Mounted on the front of the frame of the machine is a fixed bracket 68, upon the under side of which is formed a dovetailed longitudinal groove 68a. 66 indicates a housing or frame having at the top a dovetailed projection 67, which takes into the groove 68 of the bracket 68. The frame is also provided with the side plates 66a 66 and hub portions 66b 66", Fig. 2, which surround the feed-screw 65 oran extension thereof. Mounted upon this extension of the feed-screw, so as to be longitudinally movable thereon, but secured thereto by means of a spline, is a small gear 62. This gear is in mesh with a gear 61, mounted on shaft 61a, having its bearings in the side plates 66a 66 of the frame 66. (See Figs. 2 and 8.)

On the front of the frame 66 is a handle 66C, by means of which the frame 66 and the gears 6l and 62 may be moved longitudinally along the face ofthe machine and along the feed-screw extension, so as to bring the gear 6l opposite any one of the cone-gears 59.

)Vith the parts in the position shown in Fig. 8-2. e., with the gear 61 not in mesh with any one of the gears 59-no motion will be imparted to the feed-screw. In order to impart motion to the feed-screw, means are provided for swinging the hangers 34 34, carrying the cone-gears 59, forward-z'. e., to the right of Fig. S-so that any one of the cone-gears may be brought into engagement with the gear 6l when placed opposite to it. In order to effect this swinging movement, there are pivotally connected to arms projecting rearwardly from the hangers 34 34'LL the bent links 76 76. These are connected together at their forward ends by a rod 72, which is located in slots 73, which extend transversely of the bed of the machine, being formedin brackets 74 74, projecting inwardly from the front of the machine. A handle 70 (see Fig. 8) is connected to rod 72 and is capable of an up-and-down swinging motion on the same as a center within the limits of the width of the horizontal slot 77 in the front of the casing 75, (see Figs. 5 and 10,) through which said handle eX- tends. This handle has a notch 79 formed in its upper edge, and when the same registers with the front wall of the casing 75, as shown in Fig. 8, the handle may also slide lengthwise of the rod 72. When handle 70 is pulled out, the upper edge of said handle rests in one of the notches 78, formed in the upper edge of the slotted opening 77. (See Fig. l.) The under edge of said handle is also provided with aseries of teeth 80, which normally engage the ledge 81, on which the under edge of the handle rests. The swinging plate 82,

hinged to the front wall at 83 83 and controlled by the handle 82, (see Fig. 10,) serves to lock the handle 70 down in engagement with the ledge 8l. The handle 70 is preferably journaled on the shaft or rod 72 by means of a hub IIO -ranged lat right angles to the crank 88.

71. (See Fig. 2.) Lugs 69 69, Figs. l, 5, and 8, may eXtend downward from the frame 66 on either side of the handle 70. Vhen these are employed, they will evidently compel the handle 70 to travel back and forth with the frame 66, so as to have the pull of the handle always in line with gear 61. When said handle is pulled out, as shown in Fig. 5, the gear 61 will mesh with one of the cone-gears 59, and rotation will be transmitted to the feedscrew 65-through pinion 62. Of course various other means for swinging the cone into engagement might be substituted for those above described.

I will now describe the mechanism for stopping and reversing the movement of the feedscrew.

The shaft 87, Fig. 3, is journaled in the supporting-frame ofthe machine and projects through the end thereof, Fig. 10. A crank 88 on the shaft is connected by rod 23, Figs. 10 and 1, to a three-armed reversing-lever 22, pivoted at 20 in the housing 21 of the reversing-gearing. The arms 19 19a of the reversing-lever 22 have pins 1.8 18a mounted therein, which engage the grooves in

collars

11 and 16, heretofore described. It will be observed that when the reversing -lever 22 is ,actuated by the movement of the shaft 87,

transmitted through the crank 88 and rod 23, the

collars

11 and 16 will be moved in opposite directions. For instance, when the crank 88 is moved downward the collars 11 will be moved outward and the collar 16 inward. Also if the rod 23 is moved half-way the

collars

11 and 16 may be brought into line one above the other. Thus the

collars

11 and 16 are capable of three positions, as follows: position 1, as shown in Fig. 7; position 2, with the collars in line; position 3, with the collar 11 moved outward to the left and the collar 16 moved inward to the right. It will be linderstood that when the collar 1l is in the position shown in Fig. 7-i. e., in the first position-l the direction of movement of the feed-screw) will correspond to that of the cone-pulley 4, that when the

collars

11 and 16 are in linet. e., the second positionthere will be no movement ofthe feed-screw, and that when the collar 16 is moved inward-i. e., the third -position-the direction of movement of the feed-screw will be reversed. Movement of the shaft 87 to effect the requisite movements of the reversing-levers and

collars

11 and 16 for stopping or reversing the feed-screw may be effected by any suitable mechanism actuated by hand or automatically. As shown in the drawings, there are three separate instrumentalities for stopping the feed-screw and two for reversing it and the gearing which drives it. The first two stopping mechanisms involve stopping the feed-screw without separating the cone-gear 59 from mesh with the gear 61.

Referring to Figs. 3, 4, and 6, there is shown mounted on the shaft 87 a crank-arm 99, airv70 moved inward.

ser, and sw.

the upper endl of this crank-arm is pivoteda link 100, which is also pivoted at its opposite end to a crank-arm 101, secured on the lefthand end of a shaft 102, mounted in brackets 103 on the front of the lathe. Movement may be transmitted to the shaft 87 through the hand-lever 104, secured to the shaft 102 bya spline105 (see Fig. 4) and longitudinally adjustable on said shaft. The crank-arm 98, it will be seen, is arranged at one hundred and eighty degrees from the crank 99. By moving the hand-lever 104 in or out (as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 6) movement may be transmitted to the shaft 87, and through it to the reversing-lever 22, either to throw the

collars

11 and 16 to the stop position or into the reversing position, as desired. This is the first stopping and reversing mechanism. The second stopping and reversing mechanism is designed to be automatically operated in its stop action by the tool-carriage. (Not shown.) It comprises the stop-rod 93, on which stops, such as 93a, may be adjusted. This rod has a pin 94, which engages a slot 107, Fig. 3, in one arm of the bell-crank 95, which is pivoted to the frame at 96. The other arm of the bell-crank is connected by link 97 to the before-mentioned crank-arm 98 on shaft 87. A full reciprocation of rod 93 will reversethe gear. A half-reciprocation will stop the gear. The third means of stopping is manually operated and involves the separation of the cone-gear 59, in mesh with the gear 61. To accomplish this separation, the pivoted plate 82 is lifted and the handle This allows the cone-gears 59 in the hangers 34 and 34LL to swing down- -ward and inward in the arc of a circle. of itself stops the rotation of the feed-screw 65 and of the transmission-gear 61, which is permanently in mesh with the pinion 62 on said feed-screw. If the gears 59 reach their lowest position, it also stops the motion of the main transmitting-gear, as follows: Projecting downward from the links 76 76a, interposed between the hangers 34 34, which carry the cone-gears, and the rod 72, are the

projections

84 and 91, Fig. 9. The-positions of these projections on the different links are not the same, the projection 84 on the link 76 being nearer thehanger than the projection 91 on the link 76, and the two projections face in the same direction. Secured to the shaft 87 are the

arms

86 and 92, which project upward in opposite directions. Interposed between these arms is a disk 89, having formed in its periphery three slots 89, These three slots correspond to the three positions of the

collars

11 and 16, previously described, the slot 89EL to the rst position, 89b to the second position, and 89c to the third position. Connected to the frame of the machine is a spring 90, having on its forward end a depending portion 90a, which is adapted to take into the slots89, 89", and 89. This depending portion and the slots have inclined sides, so as to permit the depending IOO IIO

portion to ride easily in and out of the slots. The spring 90 and the depending portion thus serve to hold the shaft 87 steady, but not prevent its vibration. Pivotally mounted in the path of the projection 84 is a two-armed dog 85 and back of the dog a limiting-pin 85% Vhen the cone-gears are swung downward, either the projection 91 hits arm 92 or projection 84 strikes dog 85, and through it arm 8G, according to the position of shaft 87. In either case the effect will be to throw said shaft into mid-position, thereby disengaging both

collars

11 and 16 through crank 88, rod 23, and reversing-lever 22. The movement imparted to the reversing-lever 22 will only be sufficient to cause the collars to move from the lrst or third to the second position-z'. e., that in which the

collars

11 and 16 are in linee-thereby stopping the rotation of the main transmitting-gear.

I wish it understood that I do not limit myself to the precise instru mentalities described in connection with the swinging cone-gears forstopping the movement of the main transmitting-gear, as it is evident that various other mechanical devices actuated by the swinging movement of such gears may be made to accomplish the same results.

The mode of operation of my invention is as follows: The gearing being in the first position, (shown in Figs. 2, 5, a-nd 11,) motion will be translnitted from the spindle 3, through gears 26 27 29 3l 4l, shaft 35, clutch 48, gears 45 and 59, gears 59c and 61, (see Fig. 2,) and pinion 62, to lead-screw 65, assuming that the set of cone-gears 59 has been swung into engagement with gear 61, as shown in Fig. 5, while said gear 61 was opposite the cone gearwheel 59C, as shown in Fig. 2. This will cause the lead-screw to revolve in the same direction as spindle 3 and at a speed determined by the ratios of the diameters of the intervening gears. During the operation of the lathe it may become desirable to do one or more of three thingsi. c., first, to stop the transmission of motion to the feed-screw; second, to reverse the motion so transmitted; third, to change the speed of motion so transmitted. These things may be accomplished as follows: First, to stop the transmission of motion the hand-lever 104, Fig. 6, may be moved into its central position, or the stoprod 93, Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, may be slid into its central position, thus throwing shaft 87 into position shown in Fig. 5. Either of these movements will operate through shaft 87 and its connections to place the reversinglever 22 in its mid-position, which will withdraw both the pins 24 of

gears

13 and 15 from engagement with

gears

26 and 27. Consequently gears 13, 14, and 15, Fig. 8, will rotate idly and no motion will be transmitted to the

gears

26 and 27. Again, if the locking-plate 82 be lifted, as shown in Fig. l0, and the handle so released be disengaged from the ledge 8l, all as shown in Fig. 10, the

cone-gears 59 may be allowed to swing down away from gear 61, thereby breaking the connection at that point and stopping the feedscrew 65. If the handle 70 is dropped again into engagement with ledge 81 as soon as the gear 61 is disengaged, the cone-gears 59 will continue to rotate. If, however, said conegears be allowed to swing into their lowest position, so that the hangers 34 34a are vertical, either the lug 91 or the dog 85 will strike its

corresponding arm

92 or 86 and move shaft 87 into the mid-position. (Shown in Figs. 8 and 9.) This will throw out pins 24, as before described, and stop the rotation ofthe main transmitting-gear. Second, to re- Verse the direction of rotation either the lever 104 or the rod 93 is moved from one eX- treme position to the other. This throws the shaft 87 from one extreme position to the other and also reverses lever 22. As a result one of the pins 24 is withdrawn from engagement with one of the

gears

26 and 27 and the other pin 24 is thrown into engagement with its corresponding slot 28 in the other of said gears. This reverses the motion of gear 27, and consequently of the whole transmittingtrain of gears. Third, to change the speed, I may throw in the back gears 7and 8, or slide the key 37 in or ont, or throw the clutch 48, or slide the frame 66 and gear 6l opposite to another one of the cone-gears 59, or do all or some of these things. To do the last, I must first release handle 70 and allow the cone-gears 59 to swing down into the position shown in Figs. 2 and 8, so that notch 79 in the handle will come in line with the wall and so release the handle from the control of whatever one of the notches 78 it previously engaged. When the gear 6l is placed opposite the proper one of the cone-gears 59 to produce the desired speed, the handle 70 is pulled out again until the gears engage. It is then dropped onto ledge 8l and locked down by (plate 82.

It is evident that including the back gears the number of possible combinations of gearing and the resultant variations of speed in the mechanism described is represented by the equation 12 2 X 3 2:144.

The advantages of my invention comprise the wide variety of speeds obtainable, the dispensing with all removable change-gears, the ease of manipulation, the compact stowing away of the greater portion of the gearing within the frame of the machine, and the automatic action of the stop-motion when the cone-gears are swung down, whereby it is made impossible to rengage the gears while in motion.

It is evident, of course, that changes might be made in the details of construction shown without necessarily departing from my invention. The invention might be applied to other machine-tools as well as to a lathe. Certain features of theinvention might beomitted while retaining others. All such modifica- IOO IIO

tions, however, which retained any of the novel principles of lny invention I should consider mere mechanical equivalents.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- I 1. Ina variable-speed mechanism, the combination of a feed-screw, a cone of gears ar.- ranged to be swung to and from said feedscrew, and means on said feed-screw whereby the movement of any one of the cone of gears may be transmitted to the feed-screw.

2. In a variable-speedmechanism, the combination offa feed-screw, a swinging cone of gears, and mechanism introduced between the feed-screw and cone of gears for transmitting the movement of any one of the cone of gears to the feed-screw.

3. In avariable-speed mechanism the combination of a feed-screw, a swinging cone of gears, and mechanism longitudinally adjustable upon the feed-screw for transmitting the movement of any one-of the cone of gears to the feed-screw.

4. Inavariable-speed mechanism, the combination with the feed-screw, of a cone of gears movable to and from said screw,a power-transmission means interposed between the feedscrew and the cone of gears, and means for causing the rotary movement of any one of said cone of gears to be transmitted through `the power-transmission means to the feedscrew.

5. In a variable-speed mechanism, the combination with the feed-screw, of a cone of gears movable to and from said screw, powertransmission means longitudinally adj ustable upon the feed-screw for transmitting the movement of any one of the cone of gears to the feed-screw, and means on the front of the lathe for indicating and defining the positionA said support, and means for making traction on said link in a horizontal direction, and for fixing said link in various defined positions.

8. In a variable-speed mechanism, the combination with the feed-screw, of a cone of gears movable t-o and from said screw, power-transmission means interposed between said feedscrew and said cone of gears, means for moving the power-transmission means longitudinally of the lathe, and means for moving the cone of gears into mesh with the power-transmission means.-

9. In variable-speed mechanism, the com- Y movable to and from said screw, power-transmission means interposed between said feedscrew and said cone of gears, means for moving the power-transmission means longitudinally of the feed-screw, means for swinging the cone of gears into mesh with the powertransmission means, and means for causing the mechanism which swings the cone of gears to follow the longitudinal movement of the power-transmission means.

10. In a variable-speed mechanism,the com.- bination ofa feed-screw, a cone of gears swung by gravity out of engagement with said screw, and means interposed between the feed-screw and the cone of gears for transmitting the motion of any one of the cone of gears to the feed-screw.

11. In a variable-speed mechanism,the combination with the feed-screw, of an adjustable gear on said screw, a frame longitudinallyadjustable along the feed-screw, a gear in said frame in mesh with the rst-named gear, a cone of gears mounted in a pivoted support, which is normally swung by gravity away from the feed-screw, and means for swinging any one of the cone of gears into engagement with the gear carried in the movable frame.

12. In a variable-speed mechanism,the co mbination of a cone of gears, a swinging support therefor, links pivoted to the bottom of said support, ahandle for operating the links from the exterior of the machine, and means for fixing the handle in a series of defined positions.

13. In a variable-speed mechanism,the combination of a swingingcone of gears, a feedscrew, adjustable power-transmission ,means interposed between the cone of gears and the feed-screw, and means for giving to the cone of gears two or more separate speeds.

14. Ina variable-speed mechanism,the combination of a swinging cone of gears, two gears of different diameters permanently in mesh therewith, a rotating shaft, and means for transmitting the movement of said rotating shaft to either one of said gears and thence to the cone of gears.

15. In variable-speed mechanism, the combination of a swinging cone of gears, two gears of dierent diameters permanently in mesh therewith, arotating shaft, and clutch mechanism `for transmitting the movement of said rotating shaft to either one of said gears and thence to the cone of gears.

16. In variable-speed mechanism, the combination of a swinging cone of gears, two gears permanentlyin mesh therewith, a rotating shaft, mechanism for transmitting the movement of the rotating shaft to either one of said gears, and thence to the cone of gears, and mechanism for changing the speed of the rotating shaft.

17. In variable-speed mechanism, the combination of a swinging cone of gears, la rotating shaft, means interposed between said cone of gears and shaft for transmitting the movement from said shaft to said cone of gears, a series of gears of different diameters,

IOO

loose on said shaft, and means for locking any one of said gears to said shaft, whereby the speed of rotation of said shaft and that of the cone of gears may be varied.

18. In avariable-speed mechanism,the combination of a swinging cone of gears, a rotating shaft, a pair ot' gears loose on said shaft permanentlyin mesh with the cone of gears, means for connecting one or the other of said gears to the shaft, a second series of gears of dierent diameters loose on said shaft, means for connecting any one of said second series of gears to said shaft, and means fortransmiting power to any one of said second series of gears.

19. In a variable-speed mechanism, the combination with a rotating spindle, of a studshaft, a series of gears connected together and loosely mounted on said stud-shaft, means for transmitting the motion of said spindlein a direct or reverse direction to said set of gears, a shaft, a second series of gears on said shaft meshing with the first, means for throwing any one of said second series of gears into connection with the shaft, a swinging cone of gears, a-pair of gears permanently in mesh with said cone of gears, and mechanism on said shaft for throwing one or the other of said pair of gears into connection with the shaft, whereby the movementof the spindle either in the direct or reverse direction, multiplied by the ratios between the diameters of the interposed gears, is transmitted to said cone of gears.

20. Ina variable-speed mechanism, the combination of a feed-screw, with mechanism for determining the movement of the feedscrew, a swinging frame, a cone of gears carried in said swinging frame, included in said mechanism,and means operated by the swinging movement of said frame in one direction to stop the movement of the .feed-screw.

2l. In a variable-speed mechanism, the combination with a spindle, of a sliding collar on the end of the spindle, a stud-shaft, a sliding collar on the stud-shaft, loose gears in mesh on said spindle and stud-shaft and having grooves in their faces,gears connected to said collars provided with projecting pins adapted to take into said first-named gears, an intermediate gear between the gears on the collars, and mechanism for moving said collars on said spindle and stud-shaft.

22. In a variable-speed gear, the combinationwith a spindle, of a sliding collar on the end of the spindle, a stud-shaft, asliding collar on the stud-shaft, loose gears in mesh on said spindle and stud-shaft and having grooves in their faces, gears connected to said collars provided with projecting pins adapted to take into said first-named gears, a gear intermediate of the two on the collars, and mechanism for moving said collars on said spindle and stud-shaft relative to each other.

23. In a variable-speed mechanism, the combination with a spindle, of a sliding collar on the end of the spindle, a stud-shaft, a sliding collar on the stud-shaft, loose gears in mesh on said spindle and stud-shaft and having grooves in their faces, gears connected to said collars provided with projecting pins adapted to take into said first-named gears, a gear intermediate of the two on the collars, a swinging cone of gears, and mechanism iniuenced by the downward movement of said cone of gears to reciprocate said collars relative to each other on said spindle and studshat't.

24. In a variable-speed gear, the combinationY with the stopping and reversing mechanism, of a shaft, means whereby the movement of the shaft may be transmitted to said mechanism, a swinging cone of gears, and means for transmitting the downward swinging movement of said cone of gears to said shaft.

25. In a variable-speed gear, the combination with the stopping and reversing mechanism, of a shaft, means whereby the movement of the'shaft may be transmitted to said mechanism, a swinging cone of gears, and means for transmitting the downward swinging movement of said cone of gears to said shaft together with a hand-operated member, and connection therefrom to said shaft.

26. In a variable-speed gear, the combination of a feed-screw, a cone of gears movable to and from said screw, and means interposed between the feed-screw and the cone of gears for transmitting the movement of any one of the gears to the feed-screw.

27. The combination with two gear-wheels adapted to be held in mesh, a swinging frame in which one of said gears is mounted and by the swinging of which it is disengaged from its companion gear-wheel, means for transmitting motion to the gear in the swinging frame, said means including a clutch mechanism, and means actuated by the movement of the swinging frame when separating the gears to automatically throw the clutch and separate the gear in the swinging frame from its source of power.

28. The combination of two gear-wheels adapted to intermesh one with the other, a swinging frame in which the driving-gear is journaled, said frame tending to swing so as to carry the driving gear away from the driven gear, means for holding said swinging frame in position for engagement between the gear-wheels or to release it to swing'ont of such position of engagement, together with means for transmitting motion to the driving gear-wheel, such means includingaclutch mechanism, and means whereby the swinging of the frame out of position of engagement will operate the clutch mechanism and disengage the driven gear-wheel from its source of power.

29. In a variable-speed gearing mechanism for stopping same during shifting of the gears which comprises the combination of a reversing shaft, clutch mechanism, connections which throw the clutch mechanism out of engagement when said shaft is in mid-position,

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crank-arms on said shaft, and a swinging frame which carries certain of the train of gears, said crank-arms being in the plane of oscillation of said swinging frame, whereby one or the other of said crank-arms is Struck when 'said frame swings the gears out of engagement, and said shaft thereby thrown into mid-position.

30. In a variable-speed gearing mechanism for stopping same during shifting ofthe gears which comprises the combination of a reversing shaft, clutch mechanism, connections which throw the clutch mechanism out of engagement when said shaft is in mid-position, crank-arms on' said shaft, and a swinging frame which carries certain of the train of gears, said crank-arms being in the plane of oscillation of said swinging frame, whereby one or the other of said crank-arms is struck when said frame swings the gears out of engagement, and said shaft thereby thrown into mid-position, together with spring-pressed frictional locking means for holding said shaft in proper position.

3l. In a variable-speed gear the combination ot` two intermcshing rotating members capable of relative motion at right angles to their axes for purposes of engagement and disengagement, and of motion parallel to their axes for purposes of speed adjustment, a single handle through which both motions may be produced, and means for automatically locking said handle against the latter motion when the rotating members are in engagement but permitting said motion when the rotating members are in their normal positions of disengagement. 4

32. In a variable-speed gear the combination of two intermeshing rotating members capable of relative motion at right angles to their axes for purposes of engagement and disengagement, and of motion parallel to their axes for purposes of speed adjustment, a single handle through which both motions may be produced, and means for automatically locking said handle against the latter motion when the rotating members are in engagement but permitting said motion when the rotating members are in their normal positions of disengagement, said means comprising a handle connected to the moving member, a slotted plate having notches cut in one edge of the slot and through which slot the handle projects and moves longitudinally in producingV the motions of engagement and disengagement, the edge of said handle having a recess cut in the side opposite the notched plate which enables it to slide laterally from one notch to another only when the rotating members are in their position of disengagement.v

33. The combination of a cone of gearwheels xed to a rotatable shaft, a gear-wheel adapted to intermesh with said cone of gears, a swinging frame in which one of said intermeshing elements is mounted, the main frame in which theswinging frame is pivoted, a handle connected to said swinging frame at one end and provided with a series of teeth on its under edge, and a ledge on the main frame over which said handle is drawnv in producing the intermeshing of the gears, and with which said teeth engage, together with a swinging locking-plate hinged to the main frame and adapted when in its vertical position to force said` handle down so that its teeth engage said ledge.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

VILLIAM ALEXANDER WOOD.

Witnesses:

EDWARD COE WHEELER, H. ERNEST P. TAYLOR.