US823462A - Gearing. - Google Patents

Description

No. 823,462v PATBNTBD JUNE 1,2, 1906. A. DAMIANS Y ROVIRA.

GEARING. APPLICATION FILED DEO. 10. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. C'

No. 823,462. PATENTED .TUNE l2, 1906. A. DAMIANS Y ROVI-RA.

, GEARIN G. APPLICATION FILED 11120.10. 1904.

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GEARING- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1906.

Application led December 10, 1904. Serial No. 236,392.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, ALEJANDRO DAMIANS Y ROVIRA, a subject of the King of Spain, re-

siding at Barcelona, Spain, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Gearing; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to turning-lathes, more particularly to metal-Working lathes, and has for its obj ect to provide a gearing for such lathes in connection with screw-cutting, by which the speed of the feed-screw may be conveniently and rapidly changed in accordance with the pitch of the screw to be cut.

The invention has also been especially constructed to obviate the use of changeable gear-wheels, and although I attain the same results I make the operation simpler and very much quicker. The means by which I obtain this consists, broadly, in the combination of a series of gear-wheels of increasing diameters, which I prefer to designate as fundamental gears, fixed u on a spindle and meshing with a pinion dispiaceable on another spindle and two combinations of Wheels arranged at the head of the lathe, each combination having a lever by which the mutual engagement of the gear-wheels'in the combination is obtained.

A turninglathe provided with my improved gearing is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the head of the lathe. Fig. 2 is an` end elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the head-stock. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on the line A A of Fig. 5, and Fig. 5 is a crosssection on the line B B of Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings, a series of fundamentalgear-wheels 1 of increasing diameters are mounted on the extremity 3 of the feed-screw 2 and partially lodged in a boX 5, in which is mounted an idle shaft 4. This shaft carries a driving pinion 6, meshing with an intermediate idler-wheel 8, carried by the supporting-bracket 7 This support 7 may be raised by means of the lever 9, the wheel 8 meshing with and driving any one of the series of rwheels 1 and being in turn driven by the driving-pinion 6. In order to determine its position, the front plate 10 of the boX 5 1s provided with appropriately-located holes 1 1, into which pin 12, actuated by lever 9, is adapted to enter, this resulting in fixing the position of the wheel 8 in engagement with the corresponding wheel of the series 1.

Gear- Wheels 13, 14, and 15, Whose diameters increase in geometrical ratio with relation to the driving-pinion 6, are mounted upon the shaft 4, and parallel to said shaft 4 is a short shaft 16, carrying a gear 17 slidable thereon. Depending from shaft 16 and mounted to slide with the gear 17 is a bracket 18, terminating in a handle 19, carrying in termediate said handle and gear-wheel 17 an idler-wheel 20. Attached to the lathe is a late 21, provided with suitable notches 22 in ine with gears 13, 14, and 15, in which handle 19 may be seated, thus putting gear 17 in mesh (through the idler 20) with any one of gears 13, 14, and 15 and driving said gears from shaft 16.

Intermediate the cone-spindle 23, which carries on its outer end two gears 24 and 25, and shaft 16 is a parallel shaft 26, which carries on its outer end two gears 27 and 28.

' Outside these latter-named gears on shaft 26 is pivotally mounted a frame or bracket 29, carrying idler-gears 30 and 31, meshing with gears 27 and 28, respectively, Bracket 29 terminates in a handle 32 and is able to assume three positions, one being that represented in Fig. 2 and the other two being those which correspond to the holes 33 and 34 in plate 35, attached to the lathe-frame, in which holes the handle may be suitably secured.

Shaft 26 drives shaft 36, which is alined therewith, through a suitable clutch mechan ism. Shaft 26 carries a bevel-gear 67, 4and shaft 36 carries a similar gear 68. Both of these gears 67 and 68 are meshed with an idler bevel-gear 69 and are adapted to be engaged by a portion of the clutch-sleeve 66 disposed between them. This clutch-sleeve 66 is actuated by a handle 64, pivotally mounted on the lathe-frame by a pin 65.

In operation ower is transmitted to the cone-spindle 23 y a suitable belt, the conespindle in turn rotating shaft 26 by means of the gear-wheels 24 and 25 and bracket 29, carrying idler-gears 30 and 31, adapted to mesh with gear- wheels 27 and 28. Shaft 26 rotates shaft 36 through bevel-gears 67 68, and 69, and shaft 36 imparts motion to shaft 16 through intermeshing gears 37 and 38.

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From shaft 16 the power is continued to shaft 4 by means of gear- wheels 13, 14, and 15 u on shaft 4, gear ,17 upon shaft 16, and brac ret 18, carrying idler-wheel 20, meshed with gear 17 and adapted to be thrown into engagement with either of the gears 13, 14, and 15. Thus the power is transmitted through the series of gears at the head-stock of the lathe to shaft 4, which carries the displaceable driving-gear 6, and by meshing this displaceable gear with any one of the series of fundamental gears 1 power for the feedscrew is obtained. The position of levers 9, 19, and 32 will depend altogether upon the number of threads per inch to be cut.

In constructing a machine according to my invention it is very important that each combination of gear-wheels and each gearwheel in each combination shall have a fixed speed ratio to the driving-pinion, which I prefer to take as the unit of ratio, and I propose to place at a suitable point on the frame of the lathe a table of instructions for the benefit and use of the operator of the machine, showing exactly the osition each of the levers 9, 19, and 32 shou d occupy to obtainthe desired speed of the feed-screw. An example of this is cited in the adjustment of the lever 32, taking the driving-pinion 6 as the unit, one position as shown in Fig. 2 .and the other two when the said lever is fastened in holes 33 and 34 of plate 35. The osition of lever 32, as shown in Fig. 2, in which gear 25 of the cone-spindle-driving shaft and idler-gear 30 are meshed, enables saidgear 25 to impart a speed equal to the gearing-up ratio two to one to the driving-pinion, while by fastening lever 32 inhole 34 of plate 35,

thus meshing gears 24 and 81, said gear 24 will drive shaft 26 at a speed equal to the unity ratio. Another hole 33 is provided in the plate 35, so that in case the operator should find it necessary to do certain work manually on the lathe he may place lever 32 in said hole 33, thus disconnecting the combination altogether.

It is plain that numerous variations and modifications may be made in the construction and arrangement herein illustrated and described without departing from the scope and spirit of my invention, and I wish to reserve all variations and modifications as fall within the terms of the following claims.

I claim- 1. A changeable-speed gearing for a screwthreading mechanism, of a metal-working lathe, comprising a driven shaft, a series of fundamental gears mounted on said shaft, an idle shaft, a driving-pinion for the fundamental gears, and a series of gears on said idle shaft each bearing a different speed ratio to said driving-pinion, means for connecting the driving-pinion to any one of the series of fundamental gears, a driving-shaft, a pair of driving-gears thereon, each bearing a different speed ratio tothe driving-pinion, a driving-train, and means for operatively connecting the train with either of the two driving-gears and any one of the speed-ratio gears, substantially as described.

2. A changeable-speed gearing for the screw-threading mechanism of a metal-working lathe, comprising a driven shaft, a series of fundamental gears, an idle shaft, a drivingpinion for said gears, a plurality of gears whose diameters increase in geometrical ratio with relation to said driving-pinion, means for connecting the driving-pinion to any one of the fundamental gears, a cone-spindle-driv-` ing shaft, a pair of driving-gears, having the speed ratio of unity and of two to one respectively to said driving-pinion, a drivingtrain, and means for operatively connecting said train with either one of the pair of driving-gears and with any one of said speed-ratio gears, substantially as described.

3. In a changeable-speed gearing, a driven shaft, a series of fundamental gears, an idle shaft,.a driving-pinion for said gears, a series of gears mounted on the idle shaft the diameters of which increase in geometrical ratio with relation to the driving-pinion, means for connecting said driving-pinion to any one of the fundamental gears, a driving-shaft, a

pair of driving-gears bearing the speed ratio of unity and of two to one with respect to said driving-pinion, a suitable driving-train connected with thek driving-gears, and said speed -ratio gears, and driving any one of said speed ratio gears from either of said driving-gears, or for disconnecting said driving-gears entirely, substantially as described.

4. A changeable-speed gearing for screwthreading mechanism, of a metal-working lathe, comprising a driving-shaft, a plurality of different sized driving gears mounted thereon, a bracket, a plurality of idle gears mounted thereon, each one being directly in line with each of said driving-gears, an intermediate shaft, 'a plurality of transmittinggears each meshing permanently with one of said idle gears mounted upon the intermediate shaft, means for moving said bracket for the pupose of bringing any one of said idle gears in mesh with its alined driving-gear, a

driven shaft and a suitable train between the intermediate shaft and the driven shaft, substantially as described.

5. A changeable-speed gearing for the screw-threading mechanism, of a metal-working lathe, comprising a driving-shaft, a pair of different-sized driving-gears, a bracket, a pair of idle gears supported thereon directly in alinement with each of the drivinggears, an intermediate shaft, a pair of transmitting-gears, each in permanent mesh with one of the idle gears, means for actuating said bracket to bring either of said idle gears in mesh with its alined driving-gear or for disconnecting both of said driving-gears, a

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driven shaft, and a suitable train disposed between the intermediate shaft and the driven shaft, substantially as described.

6. In a variable-speed mechanism for metal-Working lathes, a driving-shaft, a plurality of different-size driving-gears, a plurality of idle gears, one directly in line with each of said driving-gears, a supportingbracket therefor, a two-part intermediate shaft, mechanism connecting said parts and adapted to impart movement in two directions, a plurality of transmitting-gears oarried by one part of said intermediate shaft,

each gear meshing permanently with one of the idle gears, means for moving said 15 bracket to bring any one of the idle gears in mesh with its alined driving-gear, a driven shaft, and a suitable train between the other part of said intermediate shaft and the driven shaft, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aliX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEJANDRO DAMIANS Y ROVRA. Witnesses:

CONSTANTINE LOPEZ Y CIOT, STANLEY C. HARRIS.

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