US712358A - Loom. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 28. I902.

No. 7I2,358.

w.- CALDWELL.

LOOM.

(Application filed Sept 16, 1900.

a Shets-Sheet (NO Model.)

Witnesses TN! "cams PETERS cu. mmoumm WASNINGTON, u. c.

No. 7l2,358.

.(No Model.)

W. CALDWELL.

LDOM.

' mplication filed Sept. 10. 1900.)

Patented Oct. 28, I902.

Fig. 2.

'Miliii 3 Sheets-$heet 2.

Witnesses A TUIETHIOY.

. wzu ma r of warp-threads from each said bobbin and UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM CALDWELL, OF LEIGH, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE RADAX PNEUMATIC TYRE COMPANY, LIMITED, OF WARRINGTON, ENGLAND,

JOINT STOCK COMPANY.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 712,358, dated October 28, 1902.

Application filed September 10, 1900. Serial No. 29,554. (No model.)

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that 1, :WILLIAM CALDWELL, cotton-mill manager, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residingat Vicarage Square, Leigh, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Looms for the Manufacture of Textile Fabric for Forming the Outer Covers of Pneumatic Tires or for other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object improvements in or relating to looms for manufacturing a curved woven fabric for forming the outer covers of pneumatic tires or other purposes, and relates moreespecially to looms of the character described in Caldwells United States Patent,dated June 12,1900,N0. 651,744; and the present invention comprises, inter alia, the following improvements: (a) Fixed bobbins carrying the supply of warp-threads and means for producing independent tensions on the warp-threads or on groups or sections of said warp-threads-namely, by forming a loop or bightin each said group or section suspending a weight in said loop or bight; (b) a special warp-thread -guiding device between said bights or loops and the loom (advantageously on or near the floor) for keeping the warp-threads or sections of threads clear of one another; (a) coating or providing the step-drum ordifierential drum around which the warp threads pass in the loom with an antislipping material, such as cotton velvet; (d) improved means (temple) for keeping the fell of the cloth flat and;the warp-threads fiat at this point and keeping the fell of the cloth tightly stretched out laterally at this point; (6) improved horn or curved ridge in conjunction with the take-up ring over which the fabric is drawn and shaped; (f) a system of small convex rolls for guiding the woven fabric from the take-up ring onto the winding reel or batch; (9) improved means for operating said winding reel or batch.

In order that the present invention may be fully understood and readily carried into practice, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings hereunto annexed.

Figure 1 is a side view in elevation of a loom having the present improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a back view of said loom. Fig. 3 is a local plan view, on an enlarged scale, of the improved horn and temple. Fig. 4is a local side view, on an enlarged scale, of the temple and improved horn and showing the take-up ring acting in conjunction therewith. Fig. 5 is a local view in elevation, and Fig. 6 a local view in plan, on an enlarged scale, of the special warp-threadguiding device for keeping the warp-threads or sections of threads clear of one another; and Fig. 7 is a detail plan view of the convex rolls.

' Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.

a is the main frame of the machine, part of said frame extending, if desired, upwardly and rearwardly, as shown in Fig. 1, as and for the purposes hereinafter described.

I) b are the fixed bobbins on which the group of warp-threads are wound, each said bobbin 1) being independently journaled or mounted in said frame a.

Any suitable means are provided to hold the bobbins b in fixed position-1;. 8., to prevent their rotation or to permit said bobbins to be released by hand and to then revolve when required to draw off a fresh supply of warp-thread c. For instance, for each bobbin a spring (1 may be employed, provided with a catch 01 thereon adapted to lock or engage in the bobbin b to thereby normally prevent rotation of said bobbin.

The warp-threads a pass over 'a pulley or beam at and have a bight or loop formed therein, in which is suspended a weight 6, advantageously by means of a pulley e, which rests in said bight or loop on the warp-thread c, and the latter after passing under said pulley e thence passes up over a second pulley or beam a and thence descends to or near to the floor, where same (either with or without passing through a horizontally-disposed reed as) is led under a crescent-like or stepped flat wooden plate or device f (see Fig. 6) or other suitable guiding device, whereby the various warp-threads c or groups are prevented from coming in contact with one another as same are drawn into the loom,

and from this point the threads 0 pass into the loom over a roller 9 and around a stepdrum or differential drum h, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) constructed according to or similarly to or having the characteristic features of the drum shown in the aforesaid United States Patent No. 651,744, and the weaving takes place in the same or similar or equivalent manner to that described in the aforesaid patent. The feature of improvement in the said drum according to the presentinvention consists in coating or covering or providing the periphery of said drum with any suitable antislipping material, advantageously cotton cut-pile fabric, the back of which fabric is affixed to the step-drum (by any suitable adhesive) with the pile-surface outermost, or any other suitable textile or other material, such as chamois leather, may be employed as desired, the object according to the present invention being to prevent any slip of the individual threads or groups of threads 0 as same pass around said step-drum h.

7: is the small pin-roller, termed a temple, for keeping the fell of the cloth and also the warp-threads at this point flat or level and also keeping said cloth extended laterally at this point,such roller 1' being provided around its circumference with pins,, burs, or other suitable points, same being advantageously slanting from the middle toward each end-- i. e., half of said points slanting to the right and the other half slanting to the 1eft-or said pins or points may be arranged spirally either with or without slanting, by which means the fell of the cloth is not only held down flat, and same and the warp-threads kept level close up to the beat-up, but also the fell of the cloth is kept stretched out and extended laterally.

j is the horn or curved ridge of special form, as shown on an enlarged scale in Figs. 3 and 4, this device j being hollow at its rear or so formed as to be adapted to fit over or partly over the take-up ring lc, so that the curved woven fabric passes smoothly over said horn 7' onto and around the take-up ring it, suitable means being provided to press said fabric against said ring in order to draw oi the made fabric, (for instance, a band-brake arrangement Z may be employed, such as is illustrated in the aforesaid United States Patent No. 651,744,) and from this take-up ring j the fabric passes around or partly around a succession of small convex rolls or rings m, rotatably mounted in the frame m This frame is pivotally supported upon the frame of the machine by the rod or pivot 'm, thereby allowing the rolls to rise and fall with the batch, the fabric being finally wound on abatch roller drum or ring 'n, this latter being rotated by the usual or any suitable means for rotating a batch, for which purpose the following improved means may be employed:

A crank-rod 0, operated from any suitable part of the loom, is connected with one arm of a bell-crank lever p, secured thereto in a slot 0' toward the outer end of said crank-rod o, the other arm 1) of said bell-crank 1o carrying a pawl 10 engaging in a ratchet-wheel q, mounted concentrically with said bell-crank, the latter having a third arm 19 extending therefrom, to which one end of the spring 0 is attached, the other end of said spring '1' being attached to a fixed part of the loom, and thereby the said ratchet-wheel q (either directly or through a suitable'train of toothed wheels, such as s s .9 revolves the batch roll or ring n. The tendency of the spring 1 when extended is to rotate (in a constant manner) said ratchet-wheel q through the medium of the pawlp on the bell-crank arinp, and when such rotation or partial rotation has taken place the periodical reciprocation of the aforesaid crank-rod 0 will force back the bell-crank and again put the spring 1" in tension, and so on.

The operation is as follows: A bight or loop having been formed in each section or group of warps and the relative weights 6 hung in each said loop or bight, respectively, (the amount of each said weight being increased or diminished according to the tension it is desired to put upon the warp-threads 0,) each bobbin 1) in turn is released by hand (by the operative) so as to allow the warp-threads wound thereon to unwind until the weight 6 in that particular section or group of threads has descended with its bight or loop sufficiently-say nearly to the floorwhereupon further revolution of the bobbin is stopped by means of the catch d or other suitable stop or mechanism adapted to hold said bobbin in a fixed position. As the weaving proceeds the warp is drawn steadily from the said bight or loop in each said section or group,respectively, as and when required, and thereby each weight or weighted device is lifted some more rapidly than others, more warp going into the middle'or center sections of the fabric than into the outer sections, and consequently the weights on the loops of the center sections are raised more rapidly than those of the outer sections, and the attendant from time to time merely has to release the respective bobbins separately, so that the Weights can descend and draw off more warp from each said bobbin in turn as and when same is required, each said bobbin being again fixed and prevented from revolving, and so on throughout all the bobbins as the weaving progresses.

If desired, pulleys or grooved wheels may be used instead of the beams 11 and a at the top of the frame a, Fig. 1, over which pulleys or grooved wheels the warp-threads 0 may be passed to form the series of bights or loops, as before.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a drawing-off mechanism for looms, the combination of a curved drawing-off ridge or horn, over which the fabric passes, a roller beneath said horn having a convex face, a

band-brake, and means for holding said brake against the roller or the fabric thereon, a series of smaller rollers having convex faces be-. tween which the fabric passes, and means for drawing off said fabric, substantially as described.

2. In a loom, the combination with the feeding mechanism, and a stepped drum over which the threads pass; of a guiding device adapted to operate in conjunction therewith, provided with a stepped surface, and a reed mounted upon said guiding device, adapted to guide the threads upon said stepped surface, substantially as described.

3. In a loom, the combination with the feed.- ing mechanism, and a differential or stepped drum; of a guiding device adapted to operate therewith, said device being provided with stepped surfaces over which the threads pass, a reed mounted above said guiding device, and provided with a plurality of slats between which the threads pass, before reaching said stepped surface, substantially as described.

4. .In a 100m for weaving curved fabrics,the

combination with the feeding mechanism,

and a difierential or stepped drum; of aguiding device adapted to operate therewith, said device being provided with stepped surfaces, the curve formed by said stepped surfaces corresponding approximately to the curva-

Images