US704952A - Method of forming sand molds. - Google Patents

Description

N0.` 704,952.. Patented luly l5, |902.`

S. J. ADAMS.

METHOD 0F FUBMING, SAND MDL-DS.

' @application med Feb. 1, 1901.; -(Ilo Model.)

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No. :114,952vr Pafenfedjuly l5, i902.

. Y S. J. ADAMS.

METHOD 0F FUBMINGSAND HOLDS. (Appummn med Feb. 1, m01.)

(llo Model.)

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STEPHEN .IARVIS ADAMS, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TOA MARCELLIN C. ADAMS, OF PITTSBRG, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD oF FoRMlNc SAND Monos.

SPECIFICATIGN forming part of Letters Patent No. YO-4,952, dated J' uly 15, 1902.

Original application filed May 1l, 1894, Serial No. 510,846. Divided andY this application tiled February l, 1901. Serial Nrn/15,591. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom' t may concern: compacted mold in which the defect of com- Beit known thatl, STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS, panting the sand above the pattern more than a resident of 'Pittsburgin the county of Alaround the same is overcome.

legheny and State of Pennsylvania, have in- In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis 5 vented a new and useful Improvement in a perspective view illustrating the cutting od 55 Methods of Forming Sand Molds; and I do of the upper face of the mold. Figs. 2 to 5 hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, are' detail sectional views illustrating the opand exact description thereof. erations of forming the mold. Fig. 6 is a My invention relates to a method of formperspective view of the top confining-plate.

lo ing sand molds; audits object is to provide Fig. is a perspective view of the guard- 6o an especially-rapid method for forming sand plate for the mold. Fig. 8 is aV perspective molds having in or on one side thereof one View of the formed mold. Fig. 9 is a secmold-face vand in or on the opposite side tional view of a line of molds, and Fig. 10 is thereof another mold-face, the respective a side view of the same.

mold-faces of the series of, molds fitting tc- In the parent application .referred to is 65 gether, so as to make la complete mold-, cavshown, described, and claimed mechanism ity-such, for example, as a .mold for formwhich is largely automatic for carrying out ing brake-shoes. The molds thus'formed are this -method; but in the present case only so inclosed within flasks whichstand onV end, rmuchof said apparatus is disclosed as Will 2o and said asks are arranged in such a man; make clear the manner of forming the mold, 7o ner that the two faces of the respectivemolds it being `understood that any. suitable mechare placed together to forma' mold-cavity. 'anism or implements may be employed in Thevobject ofthe present invention is Vtoplace of the mechanical elements shown. perform thenecessary steps ofthe method vin In saiddrawings, l represents a table for a manner to insure therapid makingof molds supportingthe .removable and interchange- 75 of this kind. Y v vable plate. 2,uponpiwhich the flask 3 rests.

Mechanism for conveniently, practically, Lirepresentsatop plate or abutment adapted and automatically'carryingout the said methto bear against the confining or pattern plate od is disclosed in my application iiled May 5, and 6 represents a plate upon which the 3o 11, 1894, Serial No. 510,846, of which applicapatterns I7 rest,` which plate in turn is sup- 8o tion the present one is a division.- ported by blocks or bars 8 upon a reciprocat- The method, generally stated, consists in ing table 9, mounted upon suitable rods l0, filling the space within ,the flask and around which are elevated at the proper time by cam and over the patterns with sand, then cutmechanism, (not showm) as described in the ting or planing o' thesand to an irregular parent application, the operation being that 85 shape corresponding toone face of the mold, after the preliminary forming of the mold, as then confining the sand by a mold-plate corhereinafter described, the top plate or abut-V responding to the shape of this face of the mentiis brought against the conning or pate mold to be formed, and then completing the tern plate 5, and the rods l0 are reciprocated 4o mold by forcing the pattern audits plat-e into by suitable mechanism in order to press the 9o the same from the opposite side, so as to compattern up into: the iiask, the flask being snppact the sand against such conining-plate. ported during the entire operation upon the In this manner the mold is rapidly formed jplatemZ. The mechanismen far-described, and the sand is evenly packedfandit is made however, is no part of the invention claimed possible by the` planing off of the sand in a in this application and may be replacedoby 95 line corresponding substantially to one face any other suitable mechanism for supporting of the mold and then supporting the sand by the iiask, confining the pattern-plate 5, and a pattern-plate conforming to that face and pressing the pattern 7 into the sand in the then compressing 4the'pattern into the same iiask. A

5o from the opposite side to obtain an evenly- The drawings illustrate the method in con roo' nection with the formation of molds for making brake-shoes, and in the making of such molds it is necessary that there shall be a flask in which the mold is to be formed and a proper means to support the same, the flask 3 being preferably made of cast-iron and rests upon lthe removable and interchangeable flask-supporting plate 2, which is supported on the table 1 and which corresponds in shape to the edge of the flask, it being preferable, as described in the parent application above referred to, to employ a flask the lower edges of which are irregular and which correspond approximately to the shape of the mold to be formed, so as to give better support therefor. As the invention is illustrated in connection with the making of brake-shoes which have one face concave corresponding to the curve of the wheel and the body made of substantially the same curve, the flasks have the end walls 11 and the side walls 12, the central edges of the side walls being curved, corresponding to the general curve or general contour of the brake-shoe-that is, they have on one edge the curved projecting portion 13 and at the other edge the curved depression 14. The flask-plate 2 corresponds in shape to the lower edge of the flask, having a curved projection (not shown) fitting into the curved recess 14 of the flask-body in order to give better support to the same and so closing that part of the flask. The interior faces of the flask and the walls of the opening in the flask-plate correspond, and the flask-plate has a downwardly-hanging ange 15, forming a pocket or reservoir 16 for sand below the flask, the base of which pocket or reservoir is formed by the stripping-plate 17. The flaskplate carries suitable guides l(not shown) for cent ering the flask thereupon,as will be readily understood. As the two faces of the molds beyond the mold-cavities must ofcourse correspond with each other, and in this method of molding the face on one side of the mold is a counterpart of that on the other side, and as the stripping-plate 17 forms the mold-face around the mold-cavity this stripping-plate corresponds in outline to the two corresponding faces to be formed upon the mold, and therefore has the curved projecting portions 18 on each side of and between the patterns 7, which impart the necessary curvature or form to the mold-face to fit the opposite face of the adjoining mold. The other or opposite surface of the mold is formed by the plate 5, which is irregular in shape and corresponds to the mold-face desired to be formed. This plate 5 is shown as resting on the flask 3 and has the curved depression 19 corresponding to the curved portions 13 of the flask and corresponding to the curve of the brake-shoe face, and its molding position is even with` the top edge of the flask. This confining or pattern plate is illustrated as having a rib 2O thereon to form a runner on that mold-face. This runner may, however, be formed by a projection on the stripping-plate 17, if desired, a plain top plate of the desired curve or general outline being used. Such rib, however, serves tovillustrate any desired projection to form any desired cavity in that moldface.

In the formation of molds it is very desirable that the amount of sand to be compressed in any part of the same shall be such that when the pressure is applied it will be evenly compacted throughout, and as the patterns for brake-shoes are formed on a curve and the top surface of the mold is to be curved I bring the top surface of the mold before it is compressed tosubstantially the form of the finished mold-that is, I even off the sand, so that its top face is irregular in shape, corresponding substantially inshape to the confining or pattern plate 5. This I accomplish by placing on the flask a feeding-reservoir 20, having the lower edges of its sides formed with curved depressions 22, corresponding in shape to the depression 19 on the lower face of the plate 5 and having its front lower edge forming a cutter or planer. The sand is filled into this feeding-reservoir, it being preferred that the sand be fed from a suitable overhead carrier, so that it is brought in the mold-cavity in a mealy condition, and as soon as the mold isflled to the proper height the operator slides off said top reservoir over the surface of the flask, which planes or cuts off the sand to a shape corresponding to the lower face of the confining or pattern plate 5. In order to hold the reservoirinlineforsuchplaningor cutting off operation, guideways 23 are arranged back of the flask, being supported on the table 1, and the feeding-reservoir travels along such guideways which correspond in line to the top of the flask, so giving support to the feedingreservoir in its stroke across the flask. The sand which is cut or planed off in this way passes down the chute 24intoasuit-able hopper and may be carried back again to the overhead hopper.

j It will thus be seen that in the formation of the molds the patterns extend up within the molding-space of the flask and the stripping-plate 17 fits around such patterns, leaving below the flask the sand-space 16 around and between the patterns, this being the position in which the parts of the molding apparatus rest in preparing to make the mold and the steps being to place the flask upon the flask-plate 2, place the feeding-reservoir thereon, feed the sand into the molding-space, slide the feeding-reservoir 21 over the flask, so bringing the top of the sand to the proper contour and discharging the surplus sand down the chute 24, place the top pattern-plate 5 upon the flask and hold the same by any suitable retaining means, such as the plate 4 shown, and then force the patterns and stripping-plate 17 into Vthe opposite side of the flask by any suitable means, such as the plate 6 shown, thereby compressing the sand between the top pattern-plate 5 on the one side and the stripping-plate 17 and patterns IIO on the opposite side, said pattern -plate 5 forming one face of the finished mold and the stripping-plate forming the opposite face of the mold, which conforms to the face formed by the pattern-plate, while the patterns form the desired cavities therein. In the mechanism shown in the parent application referredto the movement of the patterns is made shorter than that. of the strippingplate and the patterns and the stripping-plate travel together at about the same speed until the patterns are raised to their full height, and as it is desirable to have the sand packed rmly around the edges of the mold-cavities and on the front face of the mold the stripping-plate 17 continues to move after the pattern ceases for a short distance until said plate is brought even with the flask-plate 2. The mold so made has one face formed by the `top pattern-plate 5 and has been packed by the pressure of the sand against that plate as the patterns were raised. and the other face having the cavities formed therein by the patterns, the two faces being thus formed in the mold at one operation. lf desired,

Yslight depressions or projections can be formed by means of the top pattern-plate, the hollour or curved portion of the same giving the curved face for forming the concave face of the brake-shoe,and the rib extending along said plate, forming a runner leading to the mold-cavities. In Figs. 2 to 5 the different positions of the patterns and stripping-plate are shown in diagrammatic views, Fig. 2 showing the position to receive the sand, the patterns extending slightly into the flask and the stripping-plate being at its lowest position so as to form the reservoir 16 below the flask, Fig. 3 showing the upward movement of the patterns and stripping-plate and the point at which the patterns stop, the stripping-plate not having reached its highest position, Fig. 4: showing the stripping plate raised toits highest position, and Fig. 5 showing the patterns withdrawn to their lowest position, the stripping-plate remaining in its highest position, and the next position being that shown in Fig. 2, the patterns being again raised and the stripping-plate lowered with the parts again in position to receive sand'. The mold is then ready to be removed. To protect the mold while being removed,a guardplate 26, corresponding substantially to the .shape of the upper face of the mold, is rst placed upon the iiask and the iiask rocked over until it rests thereon. Thisguard-plate has lugs 27 28 29 fitting above, below, and at the side of the iiask to hold itin position thereon, and has also handles 8O for carrying the iiask by means of the guard-plate and placing it on the foundry-licor, as shown in Fig. 10. It will be noticed in said figure that the flasks have guide-lips 3l projecting out therefrom and fitting against guide-lugs 32, by which the lask when carried out by the guard-plate is directed to exact position in the line of molds. It will also be noticed that the lower edges of these iiasks diagonally 0pposite the projecting guide-lips 3l rest upon the su pport, while the bases directly under said projecting guide-lips recede, so that each flask when placed in position rests upon its outer lower edge 33, while it is closed to the mold against which it is placed and is raised from. the support, and there -is therefore a tendency for the iiask with the mold therein to press against the adjacent mold in building up the row or series of molds, the outer lower edges 33, above referred to, so forming a supporting-bearing for the flask only at one side of the lower end thereof and causing such iiask to swing or press against the adjoining flask.

It' a section of a continuous runner is to be.

formed in the mold, this may be accomplished by forcing a cutter or prod through a guidehole 34 in the top pattern-plate until it strikes the stripping-plate 17. The orifices formed by such cutter or prod when the molds are placed face to face, as shown in Fig. 9, form the continuous runner 35 shown in said figure.

It will be seen from the above that I am enabled to form these sand molds having mold-faces onpeach side thereof rapidly and by unskilled labor. Though the mold-faces are of irregular shape, I am enabled by the cutting oi of the sand surface corresponding to one face of the mold to provide proper proportions of sand above the patterns and stripping-plate for packing and to bring one face of the mold to practically the desired shape, so' that there is no necessity of movement et' that portion of sand in the pressing'operation. By cutting ed the sand to practically the shape of the nished mold and employing the pocket or reservoir below ther iiask the apparatus can be arranged so that an even packing of the sand within the flask sufficient to withstand the pressure of the mold and yet permit proper venting of the mold can be obtained. The mold parts can be made so rapidly that the expense of this class of'molds is very materially reduced, and when employed with the continuous runner extending through the series of molds on the foundryfloor and the downtake-runners leading into the mold-cavities, as described in my Patent No. 539,209, the necessity of skilled labor either for the making or pouring of the molds is done away with.

What I claim, and desire te secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The herein-described method of making lsand molds having irregular faces on both IOO IIO

the mold and to compact the mold, and then assembling tWo or more of such molds face to face to form the mold-cavity.

2. The herein-described method of forming sand molds having faces on both sides thereof each forming part of the Walls of a mold-cavity, which consistsin filling a flask with sand, then cutting or planing o one surface of said sand to an irregular shape corresponding to the face to be formed on that side of the mold, confining the sand in that shape, and then forcing a pattern from the opposite side of the mold toward the confining means to compact the mold and form the irregular moldfaces upon both sides thereof.

3. The herein-described method of forming sand molds having faces on both sides thereof each forming part of the walls ofthe mold-cav- In testimony whereof I, the said STEPHEN 3o J. ADAMS, have hereunto set my hand.

STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS.

Witnesses:

ROBERT C. TOTTEN, F. W. WINTER.

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