US704951A - Apparatus for forming sand molds. - Google Patents

Apparatus for forming sand molds. Download PDF

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Publication number
US704951A
US704951A US51084694A US1894510846A US704951A US 704951 A US704951 A US 704951A US 51084694 A US51084694 A US 51084694A US 1894510846 A US1894510846 A US 1894510846A US 704951 A US704951 A US 704951A
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pattern
flask
shaft
mold
plate
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US51084694A
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Stephen Jarvis Adams
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MARCELLIN C ADAMS
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MARCELLIN C ADAMS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C17/00—Moulding machines characterised by the mechanism for separating the pattern from the mould or for turning over the flask or the pattern plate
    • B22C17/06—Moulding machines using stripping plates; Stripping plates

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  • My invention relates to apparatus for form- Io ing sand molds; and its object is to provide especially rapid means for forming sand molds, having in or on one side thereof one mold-face and on the opposite side another mold-face, the respective mold-faces of a vseries of molds tting together so as to makea completed moldcavity-such, for example, as in connection with molds for brake-shoes, which, as described ⁇ in an application for patent tiled by meon the 24th day of October,1892, zo Serial No. 449,904, are arranged so that the molds are inclosed within flasks which stand on end, and the two faces of the respective molds are placed together to form the moldcavity.
  • the object of the invention is to perform by certain automatically-working apparatus under the control of the Workmen the necessary steps for rapidly making .molds of this kind.
  • the invention consists, generallystated, in apparatus for forming these sand molds whereby two irregular faces may be formed, one corresponding with one mold and the other with another, this being' accomplished by the employment of a cutter which cuts or planes od one side or face of the mold to irregular shape, a confining-plate which confines that face of the mold to irregular shape,
  • the invention further relates to apparatus for the formation of molds having dovetailed seats in their bases, which is a desirable form of mold for brake-shoes, which consists in spreading dovetailed-pattern parts carried by the main pattern, then forcing up the pattern carrying these parts into the sand within the 5o liask to form the mold, then drawing in the Serial No. 510.846. (No model.)
  • dovetail-pattern parts andthen withdrawing the main pattern carryingthese parts.
  • the invention also consists in apparatus used in the making of the molds, which will be hereinafter described, the apparatus being so constructed that all the diiferent operations andthe handling of the pattern controlling its different movements and controlling the movements of the dovetailed portions carried thereby and the movement of 6o the differentY parts at the proper'times are all brought within the control of the operator by means of acouple of levers.
  • FIG. 3 is a top or plan View thereof.
  • Fig. 4 is a 7o cross-section on the line et 4, Fig. l, illustrating, in connection with the machine, the clutch ory like controlling mechanism employed therewith for giving the necessary movements.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are longitudinal 75 sections of the upper part of the machine, illustrating the operation of making the mold.
  • Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section of the machine, illustrating the operation thereof and also showing the cams for controlling the move- 8o ment of the machine.
  • Fig. S is a like crosssection of the upper part of the machine, illustrating the Withdrawal of the wing-patterns.
  • Fig. 9 is aface viewof the driving mechanism.
  • Fig. 4 is a 7o cross-section on the line et 4, Fig. l, illustrating, in connection with the machine, the clutch ory like controlling mechanism employed therewith for giving the necessary movements.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are longitudinal 75 sections of the upper
  • l0 is a perspective view illustrating the 85 cutting oft' of the upper face of the mold.
  • Figs. ll to 14 are detail sectional views illustrating the Voperations of forming the mold.
  • Fig. l5 is a perspective view of the top coniining-plate.
  • l Fig. 16 is a perspective View 9o of the guard-plate for the mold.
  • Fig. 17 is a detail view illustrating the ,withdrawal of the mold from the machine.
  • Fig. l is aperspective view of the mold formed.
  • FIG.Y is a sectional view of a line of molds.
  • 2l is a view of the iinished brake-shoe.
  • the machine embodying the invention is 10o formed of a frame A, composed of the bedplate A', standards A2, and top plate A3, as well as suitable cross-beams A4 A5, extending between the standards to brace the machine and/form supports for the bearings.
  • the stripping-plate b is connected to the outer cam-bars B through the vertical blocks b2, which extend down at the front and rear of said stripping-plate b and rest on the horizontal skeleton frame b3, to which the cambars B are connected.
  • Said cam-bars B extend down into the course of the cams B on the power-shaft D, mounted in bearings at the lower end of the main frame A, suitable friction-rollers b4 being preferably secured at the end of the cam-bars B and traveling on the cams B.
  • the patterns c are carried by a frame C2, formed of the upper pattern-plate c, having blocks c2 at the ends thereof, resting on the lower pattern-plate c, which fits within the skeleton frame b3, to which lower plate c3 the cam-bars C are connected, said cam-bars moving in guideways in the bearings a a and having at the lower ends there- ⁇ of the friction-wheels c4, which engage with the cams C on the shaft D for operating the patterns.
  • the flasks E are preferably made of cast-iron, so as to prevent warpage or any action which would throw them out of line, and they rest upon the table A3; but inside and supported on the said table is the removable and interchangeable flask-supporting plate e, which corresponds in shape to the edge of the Hask, it being preferred, as described in the application above referred to, to employ a ,fiask the edges of which are irregular and which corresponds approximately to the shape of the mold to be formed, so as to give better support thereto.
  • the asks E have the end walls e and the side walls e2, the central edges of which side walls are curved, corresponding to the curve or general contour of the brake-shoe-that is, they have on one edge the curved projecting portion e3 and at the other edge the curved depression e4.
  • the fiask-plate e corresponds in shape to the lower edge of the flask, having a curved projection e5 fitting into the cuived recess e4 of the flask-body, and so closing that part of the flask.
  • the interior faces of the fiask and of theflask-plate correspond, and the Haskplate e has the downwardly-hanging flange e6, forming a pocket or reservoir for sand below the fiask, the base of which reservoir is formed by the stripping-plate b.
  • the flask-plate e carres guides e7 for centering the fiask E upon the Hash-plate.
  • this stripping-plate corresponds in outline to the two corresponding faces to be formed upon the mold, and therefore has the curved projecting portions b on each side of and between the patterns c, which impart the necessary curvature or form to the moldface to fit the opposite face of the adjoining mold.
  • the other or opposite surface of the mold is formed by a plate irregular in shape and corresponding to the mold-face desired to be formed. This plate F is shown in Fig.
  • the top plate F corresponds to the one face of the mold to be formed, having in the mold shown the curved depression f, corresponding to the curved portion e3 of the flask and corresponding to the curve of the brakeshoe face.
  • this top plate F rests drectly upon the fiask E or upon the shallow reservoir or sand-holder E', its molding position is even with the top edge of the fiask, in the latter case the top plate being forced downwardly through the shallow reservoir E before the pressing operation takes place, and the top plate having lips extending out over the shallow reservoir E', so as to guideit to proper place.
  • the top plate F is illustrated as having a rib f2 therein to form a runner on that mold-face.
  • This runner may also be formed by a projection on the stripping-plate b, if desired, a plain top plate of the desired curve or general outline being used. Such rib, however, serves to illustrate any desired projection to form any desired cavity in that moldface.
  • One of the requisites for rapid-molding operation is the rigid supportof the flask and top plate during the pressing operation and free space for work with the flask before and after the pressing operation.
  • uisites Iobtain by the employment of a swing- IOO These two req- Y ing frame above the main frame, carrying the resistance-plate Ff.
  • This resistance-plate F is supported in the horizontal beam G, mounted onthe vertical post G', extending up from the main frame, the beam G swinging on said post between adjustable collars G2 on the post and the beam having at its outer end a bracket G3, from which the brace-rod G4 eX- tends to the upper end of the post Gand is connected to a collar G5, fitting around the same.
  • the beam G has at the right end thereof the handle-bar g, by which it may be swung horizontally on the post. It has also at the opposite or free ⁇ end the stirrnp g', which eX- tends down from the post and engages with a hook g2 upon the table, so4 that when kthe brace-beam G is swung over, so that its stirrup engages with said hook, this brace-beam is rigidly supported as against vertical strain by its post G and its stirrup g.
  • a rocker 97 extending up from the table A3 and preferably having an angular upper end which tits in notches ⁇ or recesses g8 in the lower corner of the ask, so forming afulcrum for the turning over of the flask, so that it may be rocked over hook g2 on the table and onto the extension or side table T" in position to receive any necessary cores.
  • a guardplate A corresponding substantially to the shape of the upper face of the mold,is'iirst placed upon the flask and the iia'sk rocked over until it rests thereon.
  • This guard-plate has lugs y y y2 fitting above, below, and at the side of the flask to hold it in position thereon and has also handles ys for carrying the flask by means of the lguard-plate and placing it on the foundry-Hoor, as shown in Fig. 20. It will be noticed in said figure that the flasks have lguide-lips 'g4 projecting out therefrom and fitting against guide-lugs g5, by which the ask when carried out by the guard-plate is directed tov exact position in the line of molds.
  • a threaded shaft g4 passes through a like threaded pas- ⁇ sage iu the beam or sleeve secured therein and has a swiveling joint g5 with the resistance-plate, and said shaft is turned by the hand-wheel gs.
  • the amount of sand to be coinpressed in any part of the mold shall be such that when the pressure is applied it will be evenly compacted throughout, and as the patterns for the brake-shoes are formed on a curve, as above stated, and the top Vsurface of the mold is to becurved, as above stated, I bring the top surface of the mold before it is compressed to substantially the form of the finished mold-that is, I even od the sand so that its top face is irregular in shape, vcorresponding substantially in shape tothe top plate F.
  • This I accomplish by placing on the flask E or on the shallow flask E', which may be employed, as above stated, a feeding-reservoir H, having its lower edge formed with a curved depression h, corresponding in shape to the vdepression f in the lower face of the topplate F, and having along the front inner l such planing or cutting-off operation, guide- Y ways lWare arranged back of the ask,-be ing supported on the table A3, and the feeding-reservoir'y H travels along such guideways, which correspond in line tothe top of the flask or shallow reservoir E, resting thereon, so giving support to the feedingreservoir I-I in its stroke across the flaski
  • the sand which is cut or planed off in this way passes down the chute h3 into a suitable hopper and may be carried back again to the overhead hopper.
  • This cutter working to cut off the sand to an irregular shape correspending to one mold-face may be employed in cutting off the sand after it has been compacted, as describedin a patent granted to It will thus be seen that in the formation of the molds the patterns c extend up within the molding-space of the iiask and the strippingplate b fits around such pattern, leaving below the flask the lsand-space bi around vand between the patterns, this being the position in which the parts-of the molding apparatus rest in preparing to make the mold, and the steps being to place the flask upon the liaskplate, place the feeding-reservoir H thereon or on the shallow flask E above it,as desired, feed the sand into the molding-space, slide the feeding-reservoirH over the flask,so bringing the top of the sand to the proper contour and discharging the 'surplus sand down the chute h3, place the'top plate F upon the ask, (or, if
  • the apparatus shown is for the purpose of forming the brake-shoe molds, and it is preferred to employ it for forming molds for casting brake-shoes having dovetailed faces thereon, as shown in Fig. 2l.
  • each pattern c is formed hollow and to form theshoulder 'i2 has the projection c5, and the pattern also has a slot c extending from said projection c5 to the other end of the pattern.
  • the pattern-block r Moving-vertically in said slot is the pattern-block r, said pattern-block extending between the wing-patterns 7c', which are hinged near the base of the hollow pattern c, and extend up through the slot c, the wings 7c always extending through the slots. Said wings are pivoted at k2 Within the hollow pattern c, and the arms 7c3 thereof extend up and connect to the dovetailed portions 7c', which extend beyond the pattern.
  • Said arms have extending horizontally from the bases thereof the fingers 7a4, which enter slots in the pattern-block 7c, so that when the pattern-block is drawn down the top Walls of said, slots will strike the fingers 7a4 and draw the dovetailed portions 7; inwardly toward each other; but when the pattern-blocks 7c are raised they will pass between the dovetailed wing-patterns 7c and spread the same and hold them rigidly in place during the molding operation.
  • the Wingpatterns k and their arms 7c3 there is an inoline 7c, and the pattern-block 7.: strikes these inclines as it is forced up between the wingpatterns 7o.
  • Each pattern-block 7t is carried on vertical bars k7, which extend down through the frame c3, carrying the patterns, and are connected to the plate K, operated by the hand-lever K', which connects by the strap K2 with the plate K, so providing for the upward-anddownward movement of the pattern-blocks 7c and the spreading or inward movement of the wingpatterns 7c.
  • the lever K is pivoted on a bar K2 depending from the plate o3.
  • the movement of the lever K is controlled by the stops K3 and K4 on another depending bar KG, the patternblocks 7o and other of said parts moving with the main patterns, except when said lever K' is operated to withdraw or spread the wingpatterns 7c', as hereinafter described.
  • the pressing operation is substantially as follows: After the filling of theflask and the reservoir-space b4 above the stripping-plate andthe securing of the top plate F above the same, as above described, the cams operate in substantially the following way: The movement of the patterns in forming the mold is somewhat shorter than that of the stripping-plate, and the patterns and stripping-plate travel together at about the same speed until the patterns are raised to their full height, and as it is desirable to have the sand packed firmly around the edges of the mold-cavities and in the front face of the mold the stripping-plate h continues to move after the pattern ceases .for a short distance until the stripping-plate is brought even with the flask-plate, substantially as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the operator then raises the pattern-blocks 7c and spreads the wing-patterns 7c to prevent the sand from entering the hollow patterns, and he then disengages the top plate F from the fiask, places the guard-plate AG on the flask, and rocks it over from the pattern-plate in position to receive the cores.
  • the mold so made has one face formed by the top plate F, which has been packed by the pressure of the sand against that plate as the patterns were raised, and the other face having the cavities j formed therein by the patterns, the twovfaces being thus formed in the mold at one operation. If desired, some slight depressions or projections can be formed by means of the top plate F, the hollow portion f of the same IOO IIO
  • the pattern may be withdrawn below the mold, and after the mold is withdrawn from the machine as the ,stripping-plate is drawn down the pattern may be raised again a short distance to bring it into proper position to receive sand.
  • Figs. 1l to 14 the dierent positions of the pattern and stripping plate are shown in diagram views, Fig. ll showing the position to receive sand, the patterns extending slightly into the flask, the stripping plate being at its lowest position, so as to form the reservoir b4 below the iiask; Fig. l2 showing the upward movement of the pattern and stripping plate and the point at which the pattern stops, the stripping-plate not having reached its highest position; Fig. 13 showing the stripping-plate raised to its highest-position, Fig. 1i showing the pattern withdrawn to its lowest position, the strippingplate remaining in its highest position, and the next position being that shown in Fig. ll, the pattern being again raised and the stripping-plate lowered, the parts being again brought into position to receive sand.
  • cam -shaftshall be turned into exact position and then stopped, so as to provide for lling in the sand, withdrawal or projection of the wing-patterns, removal of the mold, dac., and that the parts be drawn to these diiferent positions and held there, so that the melder controls these positions by the movement of the levers, and ity is very desirable that the machine be arranged to be operated by unskilled labor.
  • the cam-shaft D carries the large gear-wheel d, which is driven by the pinion in on the driving-shaft M.
  • This driving-shaft is mounted in bearings m' in the frame M' and is driven by a belt upon the pulley M2, running loosely on the drivingshaft M.
  • the vertical shaft L' is mounted in brackets Z', ⁇ and in addition to the arm Zit carries the arm p, which is connected to the rod p', which extends to the brake-bar P.
  • This brake-bar is mounted in the bearing p2 and extends over the frictionway p7, and the incline p6 thereon passes overk the forward end of the brake-bar P, depressingthat end of the bar, and therefore raising the part on the other side of the bearing p2 and raising the brake-shoe p3 from contact with the friction-drum P', so leaving the driving-shaft M free to turn.
  • the disk R which turns with that shaft and has arseries of knockers r fr' (r2 thereon ⁇
  • the handtrigger r4 which connects bythe rod f5 with the lever r6, mounted in the bracket Z3 on the vertical shaft L', and extending from the opposite end of the lever r6 tothe pivot-ed dog or block 'f7 is the connecting-rod rs, the pivoted dog r? being mounted in the arm Z4. secured tothe vertical shaft L', said dog fr'7 extending into the course of the knockers r r', dac., on the disk R.
  • knockers on the disk R are spaced according to the desired rotation of the cam-shaft and that the operator is only required to draw on the hand-lever L for its full stroke, when by the mechanism above described when the cam-shaft has been yturned for the desired distance the clutch will be opened, the brake applied to the power-shaft, and the machine stopped.
  • I provide the locking-bars S S', which are mounted at s s' on the machine-frame A and extend back into the course of the hand-lever K' and have connected to the rear ends thereof the springs s2 83, respectively, the ends of said springs being connected to the bearing-plates a a', respectively, stops s4 S5 being provided, against which the rear ends of said lockingarms are held.
  • the inwardly-extending lips S2 S3 which extend toward each other, and in their normal positions these lockingbars stand with said inwardly-projecting lips above and below the locking-arms S4 on the vertical operating-shaft L', permitting said locking-arms to pass between the lips on the locking-bars.
  • the lever K' is controlled by the movement of the patterns, and when thrown into one or the other position it is moved up and down as the patterns rise and fall, so that when the patterns rise in the pressing of the mold they carry up with them the frame K and the lever K', mounted thereon.
  • this lever K strikes the upper locking-bar S and raises that bar, so as to lower the outer end thereof and bring the downwardly-projecting lip S2 thereof into the course of the locking-arm S4 on the vertical shaft L'.
  • the next step in the making of the mold is the movement of this lever K' to draw in the wing-patterns 79'; but if the operator should again attempt to draw upon the hand-leverL and turn the shaft L as the lip S2 has been thrown into the course of the locking-arm S4 said arm will strike said lip and the operator cannot move the hand-lever L. He must therefore first depress the lever K', which is drawn away from the locking-bar S, so that the spring s3r draws the lip on said bar out of the course of the lockingbar S4.
  • the next operation is to again draw on the hand-lever L, which causes the withdrawal of the patterns from the completed mold, and said lever K' will move downwardly as the patterns are withdrawn and contact with the locking-bar S' and throw its lip S3 into the course of the locking-arm S4, so that the operator cannot move the handlever L until he has raised the hand-lever K', and so forced the pattern-block 7c between the wing-patterns la', so spreading thewings to their normal position and closing the cavity leading into the hollow pattern.
  • the operator can again draw on the hand-lever L, which causes the withdrawal of the stripping-plate and, if necessary, the advance of' the patterns to the position to receive sand.
  • the operation of making the mold in the manner above described is substantially as follows:
  • the apparatus is operated so as to bring the pattern or stripping plate into the positions shown in Figs..5 and 11, leaving the reservoir-space b4 below the flask.
  • the flask E is'then placed upon the flask-table e and guided to position thereon and the feedingreservoir H placed thereon.
  • the sand is then fed from the hopper into the flask, filling the reservoir-space h4 below the flask and extending up into the feeding-reservoir H.
  • the operator then slides the feeding-reservoir over the flask and into the gnideways h2, and by the cutter h' on the reservoir cuts er planes off the surplus sand, which passes down the chute h2, and so brings the top surface of the sand in the flask to the irregular shape of the fiask-that is, the sand-surface corresponding to the shape of the top plate F-the top plate F then placed upon the flask and guided to place thereon, the horizon tal beam G swung around by the handle g until its stirrup g' engages with the hook g2, and the hand-wheel Q6 is turned so as to force the resistance-plate F' into contact with the top plate F and hold the fiask and said top plate solid ready for the making of the mold.
  • the operator then ICO IIO
  • the mold-faces are of irregular shape, I am enabled by the cutting olf of the sand surface corresponding to one face of the mold to provide proper proportions of sand above the pattern and stripping plate for packing and to bring one face of the mold to practically the desired shape, so that there is no necessity of movement of that portion ot' sand in the pressing operation.
  • the apparatus By cutting off the sand to practically the shape of the finished mold and employing the depressed pocket or reservoir below the flask K the apparatus can be arranged so that by the stroke both of the pattern and patternplate an even packing of the sand within the flask, suflicient to withstand the pressure ofthe metal and yet permit proper venting of the mold, vcan be obtained.
  • the mold parts can be made so rapidly that the expense of this class of molds is Very materially reduced, and when employed with the continuous runner extending through the series of molds on the foundry-floor and the downtake runners leading into the mold-cavities, as described in said application Serial No. 449,904, the necessity of skilled labor either for the making or pouring of the molds is done away with.
  • the combination With a flask or sand-holder of irregular shape, of a sand-reservoir corresponding in shape to the sand-holder and sliding over the same so as to cut or plane olf the sand to the shape of the flask, substantially as set forth.
  • a flask having its lower edge of irregular shape, a flask-supporting plate on the table having its face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, and a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask, substantially as set forth.
  • flask-supporting plate on the table and having its face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, a confining-plate on the flask, a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask, and a stripping-plate fitting around the pattern and corresponding in shape to the lower edge of the flask, substantially as set forth.
  • a main frame having a table, a hook on the top thereof, a flask resting on the same, a pattern entering the flask from below, a top confining-plate, a swinging frame adapted to engage with the top confining-plate and having a stirrup engaging with said hook, and a rocker on the table at the end of the flask adapted to direct the same over said hook when the flask is rocked over, substantially as set forth.
  • a flask having its lower edge of irregular shape In combination with the support, a flask having its lower edge of irregular shape, a flask-supporting plate on the support, having its face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, and a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask.

Description

No. 704,95I.
Patented July l5, |902. S.. J. ADAMS. APPARATUS FOR FDRMING SAND MLDS.
(Application med may 11, 1894.) (No ModeI-J 8 Shegts-Sheet I,
WITNESSES l v 1 l VENTOH .KMX-1% Q W- no. 704,951. Patented my 15, |902.
S. J. ADAMS. v
APPARATUS FOB FDRMING SANDA MDLBS.
(Application ledMay 11, '18945;
. 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.
V(No Model.)
02E??? www me Manns PETERS cn Fumo-Uma., WASHINGTON. n c.
` Patented my 5, 1902.
sl'. J. ADAMS. APPARATUS FOR FURM'ING'SANB MULDS.
(Application` filed May 11, 1894.)
8 Sheets-Sheet 3.
(No Model.)
INvENToR' WITNESSES MKM his Norms fn-Empa. Psovwurua. wmsmmsfuw D. c.
PatenmdA .luly'l5, |902. S. J. ADAMS. APPARATUS F03 FORMING SAND MOLDS.
(Appli tionmed my 11,1594.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.
'ma muuuy INVENTOR- SES No. 704,95l. Patented July'ss; |902'.
` -s. .1. ADAMS.
APPARATUS` FOR FBM'INE SAND HOLDS.
\ @pucation med my x1, 1894.)
(No Model.) 8 Sheets-.Sheet 5,
@fig-f O/WITNES INVENTOR No. 704,95l. Patented '!u,ly'll5, |902.
' S. J. ADAMS'.
APPARATUS FOR FURMINGSANI .MOLDS (Application filed May 11, 1894.) Y (nu man.) s sheets-sheet s.
.51?wnl u l 1 IW l @i e .i 1 WTNESSE INVENTOR JM @ma c. 72@
Patentedxuly t5, 1902.
S. J. ADAMS. APPABATUSVFDR FURMING SAND HOLDS.
(App'liczion med my 11, 1894.;
8 Sheets-Sheet 7.
(No Model.)
` 'ma Nos-ms Pfam w.. Priorat-Ima. wmunmu. D. c.
mi. 704,951. Patented July l5, |902.
s. .1. ADAMS.
APPARATUS FOB FUBMING SAND MULDS.
(Application filed May 11, 1894.)
(No Model.) 8 Sheets-'Sheet 8.'
W'ITNESSES {MWO 'y da@ THE alims Psznscu.. mofoumo.. wismum'ou, u. c.
f UNITED STATES PATENTv FFIC.
STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR '.lO MARCELLIN C. ADAMS, vOF PITTSBURG, PENNSYITANIA.
APPARATUS FOR FRMING SAND MOLDS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 704,951', dated July 15, 1902.
Application tiled May l1, i894.
T all whom, t 11i/ay concern.-
Be it known that I, STEPHEN JARvIs ADAMS, a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Forming Sand Molds; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, 4
and exact description thereof.
My invention relates to apparatus for form- Io ing sand molds; and its object is to provide especially rapid means for forming sand molds, having in or on one side thereof one mold-face and on the opposite side another mold-face, the respective mold-faces of a vseries of molds tting together so as to makea completed moldcavity-such, for example, as in connection with molds for brake-shoes, which, as described `in an application for patent tiled by meon the 24th day of October,1892, zo Serial No. 449,904, are arranged so that the molds are inclosed within flasks which stand on end, and the two faces of the respective molds are placed together to form the moldcavity.
The object of the invention is to perform by certain automatically-working apparatus under the control of the Workmen the necessary steps for rapidly making .molds of this kind.
The invention consists, generallystated, in apparatus for forming these sand molds whereby two irregular faces may be formed, one corresponding with one mold and the other with another, this being' accomplished by the employment of a cutter which cuts or planes od one side or face of the mold to irregular shape, a confining-plate which confines that face of the mold to irregular shape,
and a pattern which is forced in from the op- 4o posite face of the mold and which serves to compact the sand between such confiningplate and pattern.
The invention further relates to apparatus for the formation of molds having dovetailed seats in their bases, which is a desirable form of mold for brake-shoes, which consists in spreading dovetailed-pattern parts carried by the main pattern, then forcing up the pattern carrying these parts into the sand within the 5o liask to form the mold, then drawing in the Serial No. 510.846. (No model.)
dovetail-pattern parts, andthen withdrawing the main pattern carryingthese parts.
The invention also consists in apparatus used in the making of the molds, which will be hereinafter described, the apparatus being so constructed that all the diiferent operations andthe handling of the pattern controlling its different movements and controlling the movements of the dovetailed portions carried thereby and the movement of 6o the differentY parts at the proper'times are all brought within the control of the operator by means of acouple of levers.
To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I Will describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a face view of the machine proper, and Fig. 2 an end view thereof. Fig.
3 is a top or plan View thereof. Fig. 4 is a 7o cross-section on the line et 4, Fig. l, illustrating, in connection with the machine, the clutch ory like controlling mechanism employed therewith for giving the necessary movements. Figs. 5 and 6 are longitudinal 75 sections of the upper part of the machine, illustrating the operation of making the mold. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section of the machine, illustrating the operation thereof and also showing the cams for controlling the move- 8o ment of the machine. Fig. S is a like crosssection of the upper part of the machine, illustrating the Withdrawal of the wing-patterns. Fig. 9 is aface viewof the driving mechanism. Fig. l0 is a perspective view illustrating the 85 cutting oft' of the upper face of the mold. Figs. ll to 14 are detail sectional views illustrating the Voperations of forming the mold. Fig. l5 is a perspective view of the top coniining-plate. l Fig. 16 is a perspective View 9o of the guard-plate for the mold. Fig. 17 isa detail view illustrating the ,withdrawal of the mold from the machine. Fig. lis aperspective view of the mold formed. Fig. i9v
is a sectional view of a line of molds. Fig.Y
2O is a side View of a line of molds, andFig.
2l is a view of the iinished brake-shoe.
Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each of the drawings.
The machine embodying the invention is 10o formed of a frame A, composed of the bedplate A', standards A2, and top plate A3, as well as suitable cross-beams A4 A5, extending between the standards to brace the machine and/form supports for the bearings. Extending between the upper cross-beams A4, from one end of the machine to the other, is the bearing-bar a, having guideways in which the upper portions of the longitudinallymoving bars imparting the necessary motion to the pattern or other parts are mounted, and a like bearing-bar a extends between the lower cross-beams A5, having guideways in which the lower portions of said bars are also mounted. As shown in the drawings, the stripping-plate b is connected to the outer cam-bars B through the vertical blocks b2, which extend down at the front and rear of said stripping-plate b and rest on the horizontal skeleton frame b3, to which the cambars B are connected. Said cam-bars B extend down into the course of the cams B on the power-shaft D, mounted in bearings at the lower end of the main frame A, suitable friction-rollers b4 being preferably secured at the end of the cam-bars B and traveling on the cams B. The patterns c are carried by a frame C2, formed of the upper pattern-plate c, having blocks c2 at the ends thereof, resting on the lower pattern-plate c, which fits within the skeleton frame b3, to which lower plate c3 the cam-bars C are connected, said cam-bars moving in guideways in the bearings a a and having at the lower ends there- `of the friction-wheels c4, which engage with the cams C on the shaft D for operating the patterns.
The parts above described might be termed the main operative parts of the machine, and I will now describe the general construction of the machine,so as to more clearly illustrate the improvements embodied therein.
It will be seen that the machine is illustrated in connection with the formation of molds for making brake-shoes, and in the making of such a mold it is necessary that there shall be a flask in which the mold is to be formed and a proper means to support the same, and I will therefore first describe such parts. The flasks E are preferably made of cast-iron, so as to prevent warpage or any action which would throw them out of line, and they rest upon the table A3; but inside and supported on the said table is the removable and interchangeable flask-supporting plate e, which corresponds in shape to the edge of the Hask, it being preferred, as described in the application above referred to, to employ a ,fiask the edges of which are irregular and which corresponds approximately to the shape of the mold to be formed, so as to give better support thereto. As the invention is illustrated in connection with the making of brake-shoes which have one face concave, corresponding to the curve of the wheel, and the body made on substantially the same curve, the asks E have the end walls e and the side walls e2, the central edges of which side walls are curved, corresponding to the curve or general contour of the brake-shoe-that is, they have on one edge the curved projecting portion e3 and at the other edge the curved depression e4. The fiask-plate e corresponds in shape to the lower edge of the flask, having a curved projection e5 fitting into the cuived recess e4 of the flask-body, and so closing that part of the flask. The interior faces of the fiask and of theflask-plate correspond, and the Haskplate e has the downwardly-hanging flange e6, forming a pocket or reservoir for sand below the fiask, the base of which reservoir is formed by the stripping-plate b. The flask-plate e carres guides e7 for centering the fiask E upon the Hash-plate. vAs the two faces of the molds beyond the mold-cavities must of course correspond with each other, and in this method of molding the face on one side of thevmold is a counterpart of the other and the stripping-plate b forms the mold-face around the mold-cavity, this stripping-plate corresponds in outline to the two corresponding faces to be formed upon the mold, and therefore has the curved projecting portions b on each side of and between the patterns c, which impart the necessary curvature or form to the moldface to fit the opposite face of the adjoining mold. The other or opposite surface of the mold is formed by a plate irregular in shape and corresponding to the mold-face desired to be formed. This plate F is shown in Fig. l as resting on the flask E and in some of the other figures as passing through a shallow reservoir resting o n the flask, as at E', this reservoir being sometimes used where found desirable, as hereinafter described. In either case the top plate F corresponds to the one face of the mold to be formed, having in the mold shown the curved depression f, corresponding to the curved portion e3 of the flask and corresponding to the curve of the brakeshoe face. Whether this top plate F rests drectly upon the fiask E or upon the shallow reservoir or sand-holder E', its molding position is even with the top edge of the fiask, in the latter case the top plate being forced downwardly through the shallow reservoir E before the pressing operation takes place, and the top plate having lips extending out over the shallow reservoir E', so as to guideit to proper place. The top plate F is illustrated as having a rib f2 therein to form a runner on that mold-face. This runner may also be formed by a projection on the stripping-plate b, if desired, a plain top plate of the desired curve or general outline being used. Such rib, however, serves to illustrate any desired projection to form any desired cavity in that moldface.
One of the requisites for rapid-molding operation is the rigid supportof the flask and top plate during the pressing operation and free space for work with the flask before and after the pressing operation. uisites Iobtain by the employment of a swing- IOO These two req- Y ing frame above the main frame, carrying the resistance-plate Ff. This resistance-plate F is supported in the horizontal beam G, mounted onthe vertical post G', extending up from the main frame, the beam G swinging on said post between adjustable collars G2 on the post and the beam having at its outer end a bracket G3, from which the brace-rod G4 eX- tends to the upper end of the post Gand is connected to a collar G5, fitting around the same. The beam Ghas at the right end thereof the handle-bar g, by which it may be swung horizontally on the post. It has also at the opposite or free `end the stirrnp g', which eX- tends down from the post and engages with a hook g2 upon the table, so4 that when kthe brace-beam G is swung over, so that its stirrup engages with said hook, this brace-beam is rigidly supported as against vertical strain by its post G and its stirrup g. Tocarry the asks containing the molds over this hook,I employ a rocker 97, extending up from the table A3 and preferably having an angular upper end which tits in notches `or recesses g8 in the lower corner of the ask, so forming afulcrum for the turning over of the flask, so that it may be rocked over hook g2 on the table and onto the extension or side table T" in position to receive any necessary cores. To protect the mold in this operation, a guardplate A, corresponding substantially to the shape of the upper face of the mold,is'iirst placed upon the flask and the iia'sk rocked over until it rests thereon. This guard-plate has lugs y y y2 fitting above, below, and at the side of the flask to hold it in position thereon and has also handles ys for carrying the flask by means of the lguard-plate and placing it on the foundry-Hoor, as shown in Fig. 20. It will be noticed in said figure that the flasks have lguide-lips 'g4 projecting out therefrom and fitting against guide-lugs g5, by which the ask when carried out by the guard-plate is directed tov exact position in the line of molds. It will also be noticed that `the lower edges of these iiasks, diagonally opposite the projecting guide-lips p4, rest upon the'support, while the bases directly under said projecting guide-lips recede, so that each; flask when placed in position rests upon itsV outer lower corner yf, while its corner close to the mold against which it is placed is raised y, above referred to, so forming supportingbearings for the ask only at one side of the lower end thereof and causing such fiask to swing or press against the adjoining flask. The resistance-plate F has guide-bars g3 extending through the beamV G. A threaded shaft g4 passes through a like threaded pas-` sage iu the beam or sleeve secured therein and has a swiveling joint g5 with the resistance-plate, and said shaft is turned by the hand-wheel gs.
' me December 29, 1896, No. 574,052.
' In the formation of molds it is very desirable that the amount of sand to be coinpressed in any part of the mold shall be such that when the pressure is applied it will be evenly compacted throughout, and as the patterns for the brake-shoes are formed on a curve, as above stated, and the top Vsurface of the mold is to becurved, as above stated, I bring the top surface of the mold before it is compressed to substantially the form of the finished mold-that is, I even od the sand so that its top face is irregular in shape, vcorresponding substantially in shape tothe top plate F. This I accomplish by placing on the flask E or on the shallow flask E', which may be employed, as above stated, a feeding-reservoir H, having its lower edge formed with a curved depression h, corresponding in shape to the vdepression f in the lower face of the topplate F, and having along the front inner l such planing or cutting-off operation, guide- Y ways lWare arranged back of the ask,-be ing supported on the table A3, and the feeding-reservoir'y H travels along such guideways, which correspond in line tothe top of the flask or shallow reservoir E, resting thereon, so giving support to the feedingreservoir I-I in its stroke across the flaski The sand which is cut or planed off in this way passes down the chute h3 into a suitable hopper and may be carried back again to the overhead hopper. This cutter working to cut off the sand to an irregular shape correspending to one mold-face may be employed in cutting off the sand after it has been compacted, as describedin a patent granted to It will thus be seen that in the formation of the molds the patterns c extend up within the molding-space of the iiask and the strippingplate b fits around such pattern, leaving below the flask the lsand-space bi around vand between the patterns, this being the position in which the parts-of the molding apparatus rest in preparing to make the mold, and the steps being to place the flask upon the liaskplate, place the feeding-reservoir H thereon or on the shallow flask E above it,as desired, feed the sand into the molding-space, slide the feeding-reservoirH over the flask,so bringing the top of the sand to the proper contour and discharging the 'surplus sand down the chute h3, place the'top plate F upon the ask, (or, if the shallow reservoir E is used, force it down through such reservoir until it is even with the top edge of the flask,) by the hanlog dle g swing the beam Gr overr the i'lask until its stirrup g engages with the hook g2 on the table, and by the hand-wheel g force the resistance-plate F down upon the top plate F to hold the parts rigid, when the apparatus is ready for the pressing operation.
The apparatus shown is for the purpose of forming the brake-shoe molds, and it is preferred to employ it for forming molds for casting brake-shoes having dovetailed faces thereon, as shown in Fig. 2l.
I will now describe the method of forming the brake-shoe having the dovetailed Wings 'L' t', the shoulder 2 at the upper end of the wing t', and a slot 3, extending through the wing t" on the back of the shoe. The slotrz3 is formed by means of a core and does not require special description, its use being to lock the brake-shoe upon the holder. The body of each pattern c is formed hollow and to form theshoulder 'i2 has the projection c5, and the pattern also has a slot c extending from said projection c5 to the other end of the pattern. Moving-vertically in said slot is the pattern-block r, said pattern-block extending between the wing-patterns 7c', which are hinged near the base of the hollow pattern c, and extend up through the slot c, the wings 7c always extending through the slots. Said wings are pivoted at k2 Within the hollow pattern c, and the arms 7c3 thereof extend up and connect to the dovetailed portions 7c', which extend beyond the pattern.
Said arms have extending horizontally from the bases thereof the fingers 7a4, which enter slots in the pattern-block 7c, so that when the pattern-block is drawn down the top Walls of said, slots will strike the fingers 7a4 and draw the dovetailed portions 7; inwardly toward each other; but when the pattern-blocks 7c are raised they will pass between the dovetailed wing-patterns 7c and spread the same and hold them rigidly in place during the molding operation. It will be noticed that at the point of connection between the Wingpatterns k and their arms 7c3 there is an inoline 7c, and the pattern-block 7.: strikes these inclines as it is forced up between the wingpatterns 7o. Each pattern-block 7tis carried on vertical bars k7, which extend down through the frame c3, carrying the patterns, and are connected to the plate K, operated by the hand-lever K', which connects by the strap K2 with the plate K, so providing for the upward-anddownward movement of the pattern-blocks 7c and the spreading or inward movement of the wingpatterns 7c. The lever K is pivoted on a bar K2 depending from the plate o3. The movement of the lever K is controlled by the stops K3 and K4 on another depending bar KG, the patternblocks 7o and other of said parts moving with the main patterns, except when said lever K' is operated to withdraw or spread the wingpatterns 7c', as hereinafter described.
In order to insure the withdrawal of the patterns from the finished mold after the pantan operates upon the same to cause the withdrawal of the patterns in case they are struck within the molds.
It is not considered necessary to describe the shapes of the several cams on the camshaft D further than to state that they are set to operate to give the desired motions in the operation of forming the mold and withdrawing the pattern parts therefrom.
The pressing operation is substantially as follows: After the filling of theflask and the reservoir-space b4 above the stripping-plate andthe securing of the top plate F above the same, as above described, the cams operate in substantially the following way: The movement of the patterns in forming the mold is somewhat shorter than that of the stripping-plate, and the patterns and stripping-plate travel together at about the same speed until the patterns are raised to their full height, and as it is desirable to have the sand packed firmly around the edges of the mold-cavities and in the front face of the mold the stripping-plate h continues to move after the pattern ceases .for a short distance until the stripping-plate is brought even with the flask-plate, substantially as shown in Fig. 6. During this time it is of courseunderstood that the dovetailed wings 7c' are spread apart and the pattern-blocks 7c are in their raised position to form the desired pattern for the entire mold. The operator then grasps the lever K and presses down on the same, which withdraws the pattern-blocks 7c and draws in the wing-patterns 7d, so that the pattern can be Withdrawn, leaving the Vdovetailed seats in the mold. The cam-shaft D is then started, and it withdraws the patterns while the stripping-plate is held in its raised position, the Weight of the lever J operating to insure the `withdrawal of the patterns. As soon as the patterns are withdrawn the operator then raises the pattern-blocks 7c and spreads the wing-patterns 7c to prevent the sand from entering the hollow patterns, and he then disengages the top plate F from the fiask, places the guard-plate AG on the flask, and rocks it over from the pattern-plate in position to receive the cores. The mold so made has one face formed by the top plate F, which has been packed by the pressure of the sand against that plate as the patterns were raised, and the other face having the cavities j formed therein by the patterns, the twovfaces being thus formed in the mold at one operation. If desired, some slight depressions or projections can be formed by means of the top plate F, the hollow portion f of the same IOO IIO
giving the curved face for forming the concave face of the brake-shoe and, as shown in one of the gures, the rib f2 extending along the plate to form the runner leading to the mold-cavities. The operator then starts the cam-shaft, the result of which is that the stripping-plate is drawn back to its lowest position and the mold is ready to again receive sand. For certain classes of molds, where it is desirable to withdraw the pattern entirely,
. so that it will not interfere with the removal of `the finished mold, the pattern may be withdrawn below the mold, and after the mold is withdrawn from the machine as the ,stripping-plate is drawn down the pattern may be raised again a short distance to bring it into proper position to receive sand.
In Figs. 1l to 14 the dierent positions of the pattern and stripping plate are shown in diagram views, Fig. ll showing the position to receive sand, the patterns extending slightly into the flask, the stripping plate being at its lowest position, so as to form the reservoir b4 below the iiask; Fig. l2 showing the upward movement of the pattern and stripping plate and the point at which the pattern stops, the stripping-plate not having reached its highest position; Fig. 13 showing the stripping-plate raised to its highest-position, Fig. 1i showing the pattern withdrawn to its lowest position, the strippingplate remaining in its highest position, and the next position being that shown in Fig. ll, the pattern being again raised and the stripping-plate lowered, the parts being again brought into position to receive sand.
It is necessary for the proper operation of the apparatus that the cam -shaftshall be turned into exact position and then stopped, so as to provide for lling in the sand, withdrawal or projection of the wing-patterns, removal of the mold, dac., and that the parts be drawn to these diiferent positions and held there, so that the melder controls these positions by the movement of the levers, and ity is very desirable that the machine be arranged to be operated by unskilled labor. I will now describe the driving mechanism and the manner in which' these results are obtained, rst stating that the movement of the machine is controlled by two hand-levers to wit, the lever L, cont-rolling the movement of the cam-shaft, and the lever K', controlling the movement of the pattern-block k and wing-patterns lt'. The cam-shaft D carries the large gear-wheel d, which is driven by the pinion in on the driving-shaft M. This driving-shaft is mounted in bearings m' in the frame M' and is driven by a belt upon the pulley M2, running loosely on the drivingshaft M. Secured to the pulley M2 and turning with it on the power-shaft is the frictionnected thereto by a feather is the collar n, between which and the clutch-arms m4 are the toggle-arms n', so that by the longitudinal movement of the collar n the clutch-arms m4 are thrown into contact with or Withdrawn from the clutch-face M3. Any other suitable form of clutch may be employed. Mounted on the frame M is the lever N, which is operated by the rod N', connected to the armi of the vertical operating-shaft L', at the upper end of which is the hand-lever L, above referred to. The lever Nis connected to the sleeve n by means of a collar n2, tting around said sleeve, so'as to move the same longitudinally while permitting the rotation of the sleeve n, it being evident that when the handlever L is moved by the operator through the arm Z, rod N', and lever N the toggle-arms n are straightened ou t, so as to force the clutcharms m4 into contact with the clutch member M3 and cause the turning of the power-shaft M by the pulley M2. The vertical shaft L' is mounted in brackets Z',\and in addition to the arm Zit carries the arm p, which is connected to the rod p', which extends to the brake-bar P. This brake-bar is mounted in the bearing p2 and extends over the frictionway p7, and the incline p6 thereon passes overk the forward end of the brake-bar P, depressingthat end of the bar, and therefore raising the part on the other side of the bearing p2 and raising the brake-shoe p3 from contact with the friction-drum P', so leaving the driving-shaft M free to turn.
It will he noticed that on the cam-shaft D,
is the disk R, which turns with that shaft and has arseries of knockers r fr' (r2 thereon` Mounted on the hand-lever L is the handtrigger r4, which connects bythe rod f5 with the lever r6, mounted in the bracket Z3 on the vertical shaft L', and extending from the opposite end of the lever r6 tothe pivot-ed dog or block 'f7 is the connecting-rod rs, the pivoted dog r? being mounted in the arm Z4. secured tothe vertical shaft L', said dog fr'7 extending into the course of the knockers r r', dac., on the disk R. Connected to the pivoted dog :"7 is the spring r9, which holds that dog normally in the course of the knockers fr r", &c., on the disk R. Vhen the operator desires to cause the movement of the cam-shaft, he grasps the hand-lever L and the triggerv r4, draws on the trigger, which through the connecting-rod '215, lever T5, and connectingrod rs draws the pivoted dog 'rl out of the course of the knockers on the disk R. He
IOD
IIO
then .pulls on the leverfor its full stroke, which is the same in every case, by which operation the vertical operating-shaft L is turned, which through the mechanism above described applies the clutch-arms m4 to the clutch-member M3 and through the sliding bar p4 raises the brake-shoe p3 from the friction-drum P', so leaving the power-shaft free to turn, and the power is applied from the pulley M2 to the driving-shaft and thence through the gearing 'm d to the cam-shaft, which is turned for a part of a revolution. The operator has in the meantime released the hand-lever L and trigger r4, and the pivoted dog r" has dropped into the course of the knockers on the disk R, and the machine continues to operate until one of the knockers strikes this dog rl and carries it, with the arm Z4, on which it is mounted, around with it, so turning the vertical shaft L' and carrying the hand-lever L back to its starting-point and at the same time through said shaft and its connections opening the friction-clutch and drawing on the sliding bar p4, so that the incline p6 is drawn out of the course of the brake-bar P, permitting the brake-shoe carried by such bar to contact with the friction-V drnm P', so stopping the machine. It will be understood that the knockers on the disk R are spaced according to the desired rotation of the cam-shaft and that the operator is only required to draw on the hand-lever L for its full stroke, when by the mechanism above described when the cam-shaft has been yturned for the desired distance the clutch will be opened, the brake applied to the power-shaft, and the machine stopped. Itis also necessary to the proper working of the machine by unskilled labor that it shall be locked in such way that the operator cannot make mistakes in the operation,such as the withdrawal of the pattern without rst drawing in the wing-pat` terns (in which case the mold would of course be spoiled) and the operation of the machine without again closing the mold by throwing out the wing-patterns, (as, if said mold were left open, sand might collect therein and clog that part of the machine.) For this purpose I provide the locking-bars S S', which are mounted at s s' on the machine-frame A and extend back into the course of the hand-lever K' and have connected to the rear ends thereof the springs s2 83, respectively, the ends of said springs being connected to the bearing-plates a a', respectively, stops s4 S5 being provided, against which the rear ends of said lockingarms are held. At the forward or outer ends of said locking-bars are the inwardly-extending lips S2 S3, which extend toward each other, and in their normal positions these lockingbars stand with said inwardly-projecting lips above and below the locking-arms S4 on the vertical operating-shaft L', permitting said locking-arms to pass between the lips on the locking-bars. As above stated, the lever K' is controlled by the movement of the patterns, and when thrown into one or the other position it is moved up and down as the patterns rise and fall, so that when the patterns rise in the pressing of the mold they carry up with them the frame K and the lever K', mounted thereon. As they rise this lever K strikes the upper locking-bar S and raises that bar, so as to lower the outer end thereof and bring the downwardly-projecting lip S2 thereof into the course of the locking-arm S4 on the vertical shaft L'. The next step in the making of the mold is the movement of this lever K' to draw in the wing-patterns 79'; but if the operator should again attempt to draw upon the hand-leverL and turn the shaft L as the lip S2 has been thrown into the course of the locking-arm S4 said arm will strike said lip and the operator cannot move the hand-lever L. He must therefore first depress the lever K', which is drawn away from the locking-bar S, so that the spring s3r draws the lip on said bar out of the course of the lockingbar S4. The next operation is to again draw on the hand-lever L, which causes the withdrawal of the patterns from the completed mold, and said lever K' will move downwardly as the patterns are withdrawn and contact with the locking-bar S' and throw its lip S3 into the course of the locking-arm S4, so that the operator cannot move the handlever L until he has raised the hand-lever K', and so forced the pattern-block 7c between the wing-patterns la', so spreading thewings to their normal position and closing the cavity leading into the hollow pattern. As soon as this is done the operator can again draw on the hand-lever L, which causes the withdrawal of the stripping-plate and, if necessary, the advance of' the patterns to the position to receive sand.
The operation of making the mold in the manner above described is substantially as follows: The apparatus is operated so as to bring the pattern or stripping plate into the positions shown in Figs..5 and 11, leaving the reservoir-space b4 below the flask. The flask E is'then placed upon the flask-table e and guided to position thereon and the feedingreservoir H placed thereon. The sand is then fed from the hopper into the flask, filling the reservoir-space h4 below the flask and extending up into the feeding-reservoir H. The operator then slides the feeding-reservoir over the flask and into the gnideways h2, and by the cutter h' on the reservoir cuts er planes off the surplus sand, which passes down the chute h2, and so brings the top surface of the sand in the flask to the irregular shape of the fiask-that is, the sand-surface corresponding to the shape of the top plate F-the top plate F then placed upon the flask and guided to place thereon, the horizon tal beam G swung around by the handle g until its stirrup g' engages with the hook g2, and the hand-wheel Q6 is turned so as to force the resistance-plate F' into contact with the top plate F and hold the fiask and said top plate solid ready for the making of the mold. The operator then ICO IIO
raises the trigger r4 on the hand-lever L and pulls that hand-lever for the full stroke thereof, which thron gh the connecting-mdp raises the brake-shoe p3 from the friction-drum P and through the connecting-rod N operates the clutch to drive the power-shaft lll through the pulley M2. The cam-shaft is then turned by the power-shaft, forcing the patterns'and stripping-plate upwardly, the pattern first reaching its highestposition and the stripping-plate following in its longer stroke, so that it is iinally brought into li'ne with the flask-plate e, thus completing the pressing operation. Meanwhile one of the knockers on the disk R strikes the pivoted dog r7 and carries around the vertical operating-shaft L', disconnecting the clutch, applying the brake, and bringing the hand-lever back to its normal position. The operator then draws down on the lever K', withdrawing the patternblocks 7c from between the wing-patterns 7s', said pattern-blocks 7s striking the arms 7.74 of the wing-patterns and drawing the Wings inwardly to the position shown in Fig. 8. The operator then pulls on the hand-lever L, applying the power, as above described, and causing the turning of the cam-shaft until another knocker on the disk R again operates, as above described, to turn the shaft L to free the clutch and apply the brake'and to draw the hand-lever back to place, during which operation the pattern has been withdrawn from the pressed mold. He then raises on the lever K', forcing the block lo between the wing-patterns 7c and spreading them into their normal position. He then raises the resistance-plate F', and by drawing on the handlever g carries the beam G back out of the way and leaves the table free from the removal of the mold. Vlf a section of the continuous runner, such as illustrated in said application Serial No. 449,904, is to be formed in the-mold, this may be accomplished by forcing a cutter u through a guide-hole uf in the top plate F until it strikes the strippingplate b. He then lifts it off the top plate F and applies to the mold the guard-plate A6, by which it may be swung over and on which it will rest on the table T', this guard-plate having lugs engaging with the ilask, so as to hold the parts in proper line, and the rocker gl directing it over the hook g2 on the table. The flask is then rocked over onto the side table, any cores required are placed therein, and another flask may then be placed upon the flask-table e. The operator then draws up the lever L, which, operating as above described, causes the stripping-plate to be drawn down and, if necessary, the patterns to be raised and bring the machine back into position ready to receive sand. Sand is then fed to the new flask and the operation repeated. l am thus enabled to form these molds having mold-faces on each side thereof rapidly and by unskilled labor, the only operations being the placing of the flask on the table, the feeding of the sand thereto, the operations of certain levers, I
and the Vwithdrawal of the liask containing the finished mold. Though the mold-faces are of irregular shape, I am enabled by the cutting olf of the sand surface corresponding to one face of the mold to provide proper proportions of sand above the pattern and stripping plate for packing and to bring one face of the mold to practically the desired shape, so that there is no necessity of movement of that portion ot' sand in the pressing operation. By cutting off the sand to practically the shape of the finished mold and employing the depressed pocket or reservoir below the flask K the apparatus can be arranged so that by the stroke both of the pattern and patternplate an even packing of the sand within the flask, suflicient to withstand the pressure ofthe metal and yet permit proper venting of the mold, vcan be obtained. The mold parts can be made so rapidly that the expense of this class of molds is Very materially reduced, and when employed with the continuous runner extending through the series of molds on the foundry-floor and the downtake runners leading into the mold-cavities, as described in said application Serial No. 449,904, the necessity of skilled labor either for the making or pouring of the molds is done away with. At the same time I am enabled to form dovetailed recesses in the molds bya means which assures practically perfect formation thereof and the operation of the dovetailed pattern parts simply by the movement of a lever.I
The method disclosed herein is not claimed in this application, but is claimed in a divisional application iiled February 1, 1901, Serial No. 45,591.
What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. The combination witha table, of aiiask or sand-holder resting thereon and a cutter having an irregular edge and adapted to slide over the sand-holder and cnt or plane off the sand corresponding to said irregular edge, and a gnideway supported on the, table and in line with the flask edge to support the cutter in its movement, substantially as set forth.
2'. The combination with a flask or sandholder having an irregular edge portion, of a cutter having an irregular edge corresponding to such edge portion and adapted to slide over the sand-holder and cut or plane od the sand corresponding to the edge thereof, substantially as set forth.-
3. In sand-molding apparatus, the combination With a flask or sand-holder of irregular shape, of a sand-reservoir corresponding in shape to the sand-holder and sliding over the same so as to cut or plane olf the sand to the shape of the flask, substantially as set forth.
4. The combination with a flask or sandholder having an irregular edge, of a cutter having an irregular edge corresponding in shape to that edge, and having guides tohold it in line with the sand-holder said cutter adapted to slide over said flask and cut or ITO plane off the sand to the shape of the edge thereof, substantially as set forth.
5. The combination with a table, a flask or sand-holder resting thereon having an edge of irregular shape, and a cutter adapted to slide over the sand-holder and cut or plane off the sand corresponding to said irregular edge, and a guideway supported on the table and in line with the flask edge to support the cutter in its' movement, substantially as set forth.
6. In combination with the molding-table, a flask having its lower edge of irregular shape, a flask-supporting plate on the table having its face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, and a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask, substantially as set forth.
7. The combination with a table, of a flask having its upper and lower edges of irregular shape, a flask-supporting plate on the table and havingits face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, a confining-plate on the flask having its inner face corresponding to the upper edge of the flask, and a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask, substantially as set forth.
8.v The combination with a table, of a flask having its lower edge of irregular shape, a
flask-supporting plate on the table and having its face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, a confining-plate on the flask, a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask, and a stripping-plate fitting around the pattern and corresponding in shape to the lower edge of the flask, substantially as set forth.
9. The combination with a table, of a flask having its upper and lower edges of irregular shape, a flask-supporting plate on the table and having its face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, a confining-plate on the flask, having its inner face corresponding to the upper edge of the flask, a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask, and a strippingplate fitting around the pattern and corresponding in shape to the lower edge of the flask, substantially as set forth.
10. The combination of a table, a flask having its lower edge of irregular shape, a flasksupporting plate on the table and having its face corresponding in shape to the lower edge of the flask and having a flange depending from its inner edge and forming a pocket in the reservoir, a vertically-movable strippingplate corresponding to the lower edge of the flask and fitting within the depending ange and forming the base of the reservoir and a vertically-movable pattern extending up within said. stripping-plate, substantially as set forth.
11. The combination with a supportingframe, a hollow pattern vertically movable therein, wing-patterns pivotally mounted in the hollow pattern and extending up through the top thereof and having inwardly-projecting lugs at their lower ends, and a patternblock having recesses into which the said lugs extend, adapted to be raised to spread the wing-patterns, and hold them in molding position and to be drawn down and contact with the lugs and draw the wing-patterns together for the withdrawal of the pattern from the mold, substantially as set forth.
12. The combination with a supportingframe, of hollow patterns vertically movable therein and carried by a pattern-frame, wingpatterns mounted in andl extending up through the top of the hollow patterns, pattern-blocks sliding within the hollow patterns and adapted to be forced between the wingpatterns, and a plate below the pattern-frame connected by bars with the pattern-blocks and connected by a strap to a lever mounted 011 a bar depending from the pattern-frame, substantially as set forth.
13. The combination with a supportingframe, of a hollow pattern vertically movable therein, and carried by a pattern-frame, wingpatterns, mounted in the hollow pattern and extending up through the top thereof, a pattern-block sliding in the hollow pattern and adapted to be forced between the wing-patterns to hold them in molding position, bars depending from the pattern-frame and having a lever mounted therein, a strap connecting said pattern-block with the lever, and stops on one of said bars depending from the pattern-frame limiting the movement of the lever, substantially as set forth.
14. The combination of a main frame, a vertically-movin g pattern-frame mounted therein and carrying a pattern, cam mechanism engaging with said frame and adapted to raise the same and force the pattern into the sand within the flask, a weighted withdrawing-lever connected to said pattern-frame to insure the withdrawal of the pattern from the mold, and a separate cam controlling the movement of said weighted lever, substantially as set forth.
15. The combination of a main frame having a table, a hook on the top thereof, a flask resting on the same, a pattern entering the flask from below, a top confining-plate, a swinging frame adapted to engage with the top confining-plate and having a stirrup engaging with said hook, and a rocker on the table at the end of the flask adapted to direct the same over said hook when the flask is rocked over, substantially as set forth.
16. The combination of a main frame, a table, a flask resting thereon, a pattern entering the flask, a rocker on the table to support the flask as it is rocked over, and a guardplate adapted to be placed upon the flask and having guiding-lips to hold the flask and guard-plate in line as it is rocked over, substantially as set forth.
17. The combination ofa main frame, a vertically-movable pattern carried by a patternframe mounted therein, an arm or lever carried by said frame, an operating-shaft controlling Athe driving mechanism, said shaft havinga locking-arm thereon, and a lockingbar with which the arm on the pattern-frame ICC is adapted to contact to cause such lockingbar to engage' with-the locking-arm on the operating-lever, substantially as set forth.
18. The combination of a main frame, a vertically-movable pattern carried by a patternframe mounted therein, an arm or lever carried by said frame, an 'operating-lever controlling the driving mechanism, said lever having a locking-arm thereon, a locking-bar pivoted on the' main frame in the course of the lever on the pattern-frame and having a lip in the course of the locking-arm on the operatingshaft, and a spring holding the locking-lip on said locking-bar out of the course of the locking-arm on the operatinglever, substantially as set forlh.
19. The combination with arnain frame, a vertically-movable pattern mounted therein operated by power connections, a supplementary pattern on' the main pattern, a lever mounted on the pattern-frame and operating the supplementary pattern by' the vertical movement of the lever, a shaft controlling the driving mechanism having the lockingarm thereon, and a locking-bar engaging with said locking-arm and extending in the course of the lever carried by the pattern-frame, substantially as set forth.
20. The combination of a main frame, avertically-movable pattern carried bya patternframe mounted therein, an arm or lever carried by said frame, an operating-shaft controlling the driving mechanism, said shaft having a locking-arm thereon, a locking-bar wit-h which the arm on the pattern-frameis adapted to contact to cause such locking-bar to en gage with the locking-arm on the operating-lever, and a spring connected to the locking-bar and holding it normally out of the course of the locking-arm, substantially as set forth.
21. The combination of a main frame, a pattern-frame mounted therein and carrying a pattern, driving mechanism for imparting vertical movement to the pattern-frame, a supplementary pattern-mounted in the main pattern and connected to a lever mounted in the pattern-frame, an operating-lever controlling the movement of the driving mechanism and carrying the locking-arm, and two locking-bars extending one above and the other below the lever carried by the pattern-frame and held normally out of the course of the locking-arm on the operating-lever but adapted to be thrown into such course by said lever on the pattern-frame, substantially as set forth.
22. The combination of a main frame having a cam-shaft, a pattern carried by a frame operated by the cam on said shaft, an operating-shaft controlling the driving mechanism, a knocker on the cam-shaft, and a dog carried by the operating-lever extending in the course of the knocker on the cam-shaft, substantially as set forth.
23. The combination of a main frame having a cam-shaft, a pattern carried by a frame operated by the cam on said shaft, an operating-shaft controlling the driving mechanism, a knocker on the camshaft,'and an arm carried by the operating-shaft, said arm having a movable dog extending in the course of the knocker on the cam-shaft substantially as set forth. l
24. The combination of a main frame havin ga cam-shaft, a pattern carried by the frame operated by the cam on said shaft, an operating-shaft controlling the driving mechanism, a knocker on the cam-shaft an arm carried by the operating-shaft, said arm having a movable dog extending in the course of the knocker on the cam-shaft, and a trigger connected to said dog and adapted to withdraw the same from the course of the knocker, substantially as set forth.
K 25.' The combination of the main frame having a cam-shaft D mounted therein and operating one or more patterns mounted in said frame and carrying the disk R having knockers r thereon, the vertical shaft L having the hand-lever L, the arm Z4 on said shaft L having the dog r7 mounted therein, and the trigger r4 mounted on the hand-lever L connected to the dog, and the spring r9 holding said dog normally in the course of the knockers on the disk, substantially as set forth.
26. The combination of a main frame having a pattern mounted therein, the drivingshaft M, and operating mechanism between the same and the pattern for moving the pattern a power-driven pulley on the drivingshaft, clutch mechanism connecting said shaft and the pulley, the operating-shaft L' carrying the arm Z, the lever N connected to the clutch, the strap N' connecting said lever and the arm Z on the vertical shaft L', and knocking mechanism for turning the shaft L' and freeing the clutch, substantially as set forth.
. 27. The combination of the main frame having a pattern mounted therein, a cam-shaft D operating said pattern and having knockers thereon, the driving-shaftM turning the cam-shaft, a power-driven pulley on said driving-shaft and clutch mechanism between the shaft and pulley, the operating-shaft L' connected to the clutch, and a dog carried by the operating-shaft in the course of the knockers on the cam-shaft, substantially as set forth.
28. The combination of a main frame,a pattern therein, a cam-shaft for moving said pattern, a driving-shaft turning the cam-shaft, a power-driven pulley on said drivingshaft, clutch mechanism between the pulley and the shaft, a brake operating on said driving-shaft, and an operating-shaft having connections therefrom to the clutch mechanism and to the brake for applying the clutch and releasing the brake, or vice versa, substantially as set forth.
29. The combination of a main frame,a pattern mounted therein, mechanism for operating the pattern, a driving-shaft connected to said mechanismand carrying afriction-drum, a brake operating on said friction-drum, and an operating-lever controlling the movement vloo IIO
of the driving-shaft, and connections from said operating-lever acting to withdraw the brake from the friction-drum,substantially as set forth.
30. The combination of the driving-shaft carrying the friction-drum P, the weighted brake-bar pvoted in the frame and carrying the brake-shoe p3, the sliding barp4 extending through a guide over the forward end of the brake-bar and having an inclined face thereon for forcing down that end of the brake-bar and so raising the shoe, and the operating-shaft L connected to said sliding bar 104, substantially as set forth.
3l. The combination of a main frame having a pattern mounted therein, the cam-shaft operating said pattern and having a knocker thereon, a driving-shaft turning the camshaft, clutch mechanism connecting a powerdriven pulley with said driving-shaft, braking mechanism operating on said drivingshaft, and an operating-shaft controlling said clutch mechanism and braking mechanism and having a dog in the course of the knocker on the cam-shaft, substantially as set forth.
32. The combination of a series of flasks, each adapted to stand on one of its ends on the molding-floor and in contact with each other, said flasks each having supportingbearings on only one side of the lower end thereof so as to'cause each flask to swing or press against the adjoining ask, substantially as set forth. y
33. In combination with the support, a flask having its lower edge of irregular shape, a flask-supporting plate on the support, having its face corresponding to the lower edge of the flask, and a pattern adapted to be forced into the flask.
In testimony whereof I, the said STEPHEN J ARVIS ADAMS, have hereunto set my hand.
lSTEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS.
Witnesses:
JAMES I. KAY, ROBERT C. To'rTEN.
US51084694A 1894-05-11 1894-05-11 Apparatus for forming sand molds. Expired - Lifetime US704951A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2871527A (en) * 1956-03-09 1959-02-03 Wallwork & Co Ltd Method of and means for the production of castings

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2871527A (en) * 1956-03-09 1959-02-03 Wallwork & Co Ltd Method of and means for the production of castings

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