US703834A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

Patented July I; I902."

W 4 3 8 3 no 7 E N STEAM GENERATOR. (Application filed May 19, 1960.

(No Model.)

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ROUSSANOFF. a ented July I,. I902.

STEAM GENERATOR. (Applicatiqn file May 19, 1990.) (No h1 ode l. v 3 Sheefs.$heet 2.

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STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed May 19, 1900.) {No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheei 3.

Tn: NORRIS PETERS CO. PHoT0-L\THD.. WASHINGYON, I10.

NlTE STATES:

ATENT FFICE.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 703,834, dated July 1, 1902.

Application filed May 19, 1900- To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, \VASSILY ROUSSANOFF, mechanic, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at Petrovsko-Razoumovskoye, Mykhalkovo, Moscow, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Pertaining to Steam- Generators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to water-tube and smoke-tube steam-generators; and its object is, among other things, to attain an effective utilization of the heat effect of the fuel. A steam-generator constructed according to this invention is distinguished from tube steamgenerators heretofore constructed by the peculiar combination of the sets of bundles of tubes (hereinafter called boilers) with the steam-collectors, with the superheaters, with the mud-collectors, and withthe furnace, or with several or all of them. Furnaces so constructed can be adapted for any desired fuel, such as peat, wood, wood-shavings, coal, coaldust, naptha residue, naptha, duo.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a cross-section of the generator corresponding to the line Z Z of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan of the generator. Fig. 3 shows the steamcollectorinlongitudinalsection. Fig. dshows the mud-collector in longitudinal section. Fig. 5 shows the steam-dome and a superheater in vertical section.

As shown in Fig. 1, the furnace A is arranged between two boilers B B and beneath a cylindrical steam-collector O and is separated from these parts by brickwork,in which passages D may be arranged for preliminarily heating the air necessary for combustion. Each of the boilers B consists of several bundles of tubes E, each of which itself goes to form an independent member that can be substituted for and exchanged independently of the others. Each member is formed by an upper chamber'F, a lower chamber G, and a Vertical bundle of tubes connecting these chambers. Each element of this bundle of tubes consists of two concentric tubes a and b, of which the outer, a, is a water-tube opening into the two chambers F and G, while Serial No. 17,249. (No model.)

the inner, Z), passes through the two chambers and forms the smoke or heating tube. Each of the upper chambers F isconnected with the steam-collector G, which is common to the two boilers B B, by a special tubular junction 0, connecting-flanges at being arranged outside the brickwork, so that the joint can be easily undone. Each lower chamber G has its special tubular junction 6 for connecting to a cylindrical mud-collector H, which is common to all the chambers of a boiler 13 and which is ordinarily located outside the outer wall of the boiler and below the floor-level and is permanently connected with the lower part of the steam-collector C by inclined and comparatively very wide circulating-tubes I and K. These circulating-tubes may, however, pass for the greater part within the outer wall of the boiler. The feed-water is supplied by pipe f into a trough-like and comparatively very capacious receptacle L, placed in the collector O, and'passes from the receptacle L by overflowing into the collector C after it has been heated by the steam, &c., almost to boiling-point. The receptacle L does not occupy the entire length of the steam-collector and stands on an I-shaped iron support, which also does not reach the ends, and is fastened to the wall of the collector O. The receptacle L, being fixed toone end of the steam-collector, cannot'tip over. The said end of the steamcollector is preferably so secured to the cylindrical wall thereof that it can be easily dotached therefrom. The water passes from the steam-collector 0 through the inclined circulating-pipes I and K into the two mud-collectors H H and from these through the tubular junction 6 6 into the lower chambers G of the boilers and the vertical water-tubes a,

finally returning, along with the separated then passes through the tubular junctions 0 into the collector O,which in the boiler shown in the drawings is heated only indirectly, (by the brickwork,) but may be heated also by contact with the hot gases themselves, collects in the free upper half of the same and in the lower part M of the steam-dome O and passes from there through the pipes g and h into the superheaters P and Q, Fig. 2. Each of these superheaters comprises, as shown in Fig. 5, two chambers R and S, which are connected by vertical double tubes m n, and of which the upper is divided by a partition 19 into two compartments, so that the steam traverses one half of the bundle of tubes m n downwardly and the other upwardly. It then passes as superheated steam through the pipes t and 7t into the upper part N of the steam-dome, whence it is led off by a delivery-pipe 0 to the place of use. The superheaters P and Q are placed immediately after the last members of the two boilers B B with relation to the direction of the flow of the hot gases. (See Fig. 2.)

An important advantage in the generator described consists in that the combustion of the fuel takes places in a flue separated from the boilers by brick walls, so that the watertubes and other elements thereof are not subjected to the direct action of the flame, and even the hot gases do not come into immediate contact with the water-tubes. This must result in a considerably better utilization of the fuel, for if the hot gases before perfect combustion takes placeil. 6., before they have evolved as much heat as possible-come into contact with the cold tubes and other iron parts perfect combustion is impossible. Under the present arrangement the combustion takes place between hot brick walls and the products of the perfect combustion pass to the rear of the furnace-flue A, through fines T T into the chambers U U, and thence horizontally and oircuitously between the tubes at of the boilers and the tubes m of the supeijheaters to the chambers V V, whence they pass into spaces W W abovev the superheaters, from which they traverse the smoketubes b and n downwardly and then escape out of the capacious smoke-boxes X X into the chimney through passages q q and a horizontal fine 1", located under the furnace.

In consequence of the described central arrangement of. the furnace between thick brickwork (which, owing to its high capacity for heat, greatly increases the total capacity of the generator, and'in this way serves to reduce variations in steam-pressure in the case of uniform use of steam) and in consequence of the fact that the hot gases come into contact with the water-tubes only after complete development of heat and then come into very intimate contact with them, the ef ficiency of the generator and the stability of its working is considerably increased. The large evaporating-surface formed by the upper chambers F F of the boilers, the tubular junctions c, and the steam-collector O renders possible the ready separation of the steam and the unimpeded collection thereof in the collector O and in the lower compartment of the steam-dome. In order to prevent the receptacle L, there are arranged protectingsurfaces'l Z, which can be rigidly connected either with the receptacle itself or with the walls of the steam-collector.

While the feed-water is heated in the receptacle L, it is also greatly purified as to organic and inorganic matters,so that the water is already in a comparatively pure state on entering the steam-collector C. A further separation of mud, &c., takes place in the mud-collectors H H, in each of which there is arranged a partition 25, which retains the dirt, &c. The water entering through the two ends of a mud-collector passes through openings u 'u, in disks 1; o, fixed to the partition, into the space behind the partition and again passes into the corresponding boiler only over the partition. By this means the liability of rapid incrustation in the watertubes, &c., is very greatly reduced. The removal of the mud from the mud-collectors II is effected by opening cocks z z.

Mud is removed from the receptacle L either by means of the feed-pipe for by means of a special pipe, the mud being stirred up before opening the blow-off cock by rotating a shaft w, provided with blades w, by means of an external hand-wheel 12 The generator even with simple watertnbest'. e., without the tubes bpresents great advantages, which are due to its general construction.

If the boiler is modified in sucha manner t'. a, by the omission of the smoke-tubes b--- then the space between the upper chambers F and the lower chambers G of each boiler B, as also the chambers U U, may be divided by a horizontal partition in two parts. In this instance the hot gases pass out the rear of the furnace-flue A, through flues T T,and through the spaces beneath the mentioned partitions into the front chambers V V of the boilers B B. Then they go through the spaces over those partitions to the upper portions of the chambers U U and through special vertical passages (not shown) in the brickwork into the fines X X below the chambers G G and from the front of same through passages q q and the fine '1" into the chimney.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A combined water-tube and smoke-flue steam-generator, comprising a furnace and a boiler composed of independent members arranged on opposite sides of the furnace and separated therefrom by a poor heat-conductor, each member consisting of vertical double tubes consisting of an outer water-tube and an inner smoke-flue combined with upper and lower collecting members or drums, and means for causing the hot gases from the furnace to first flow around the outer surface of the water-tubes and then through the interior smoke-fines, all in combination with mud-collectors communicating with the lower drums or collectors, a steam-collector communicating with the upper drums and circulating-pipes for connecting the steam-collec tor with the mud-collectors.

2. The combination of a series of tubular boiler-sections, each section comprising a pair of drums connected bya plurality of tubes, a steam-collecting vessel and pipes connecting the same with said series of boiler-sections, a lower vessel located in proximity to the lower drums of said sections, a pipe connecting the end of each of said lower vessels with the lower part of said steam-collecting vessel, another set of sections and pipes connecting the drums of the said sections and the upper portions of the steam-collectin g vessel, means for bringing the gases from said furnace in contact with the tubes of all said sections.

3. The combination of a series of boiler-sections, each section comprising a pair of drums connected by a plurality of tubes and fiues passing through said tubes and drums, a steam-collecting vessel and pipes connecting the same with said series of boiler-sections, a lower vessel locatedin proximity to the lower drums of said sections, apipe connecting the end of each of said lower vessels with the lower part of said steam-collecting vessel, another set of sections and pipes connecting the drums of said sections with the upper portions of the steam collecting vessel, means for bringing the gases from said furnace into contact with the tubes of all said sections, and means for passing the gases through the fines passing through said tubes.

4. The combination of a series of boiler-sections, each section comprising a pair of drums connected by a plurality of tubes and interior flues passing through said tubes and drums, an upper steam-collecting vessel and pipes connecting said steam-collecting vessel at an intermediate portion with the upper drums of a part of said sections, a lower mudcollecting vessel and pipes connecting said mud-collecting vessel with the lower part of said steam-collecting vessel, pipes connecting the drums of another part of said sections with the upper portion of the steam-collecting vessel, means for bringing the gases from said furnace in contact with the tubes of all said sections, and means for passing the gases through said interior fiues.

5. The combination of a series of boiler-sections, arranged in two sets, each section comprising a pair of drums connected by a plurality of tubes and fiues passing throughsaid tubes and drums, a furnace located between said sets of boiler-sections, a steam-collecting vessel and pipes connecting said steam-c01- lecting vessel with a part of said sections, a lower vessel located in proximity to the lower drums of the sections that are connected with steam-collecting vessel, a pipe connecting the end of each of said lower vessels with the lower part of said steam-collecting vessel, pipes connecting the drums of another part of the sections, with the upper portions of the steam-collecting vessel, means for bringing the gases from said furnace into contact with the tubes of all said sections, and means for passing the gases through all said interior fiues.

6. The combination of a series of boiler-sections, each section comprising a pair of drums connected by a plurality of tubes, fines passing through said tubes and drums, said sections-being arranged in two sets, a furnace located between said sets, a steam-collecting vessel located over said furnace and between said sets of sections, pipes connecting said steam-collecting vessel at an intermediate portion with the upper drums of a part of said sections, a mud-collecting vessel located in proximity to the lower drums of each of said sets of sections that are connected with said steam-collecting vessel, a pipe connecting the end of each of said mud-collecting vessels with the lower part of said steam-collecting vessel, pipes connecting the drums of the sections not connected with said steamcollecting vessel and the upper portions of this vessel, means for bringing the gases from said furnace in contact with-the tubes of all said sections, and means for passing the gases through all said interior lines.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WASSILY ROUS SANOFF,

Witnesses:

ALEXANDRA ERMANN, TERGEY MOORATOFF.

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