US701102A - Vessel for containing liquids. - Google Patents

Description

No. 70|,|o2. Patented May 27, I902. L. J. TARDY. VESSEL FOB CONTAINING LIQUIDS.

2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

(Application filed Sept. 20, 1901.)

(No Model.)

j m 0 H w 0 m Hg E V No. 7Ul,I02, Patented May 27, I902.

L. J. TARDY.

VESSEL FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS.

(Application filed Sept. 20, 1501...) (No Model.) 2 Shaw-Sheet 2.

W 7ZSSSI 17111672157."

UNirien STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEON JOSEPH TARDY, OF VERSAILLES, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JEAN PIERRE ARSENE ELIE HENRI OHAUMONT, OF VERSAILLES,

FRANCE.

VESSEL FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 701,102, dated May 27', 1902. Application filed September 20, 1901- Serial No. 75,746. (No modeL) To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that -I, LEON JOSEPH TARDY, engineer, a citizen of theRepublic of France, residing at 3 Rue Royale, Versailles, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Vessels for Containing Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

Devices placed within bottles or other receptacles are the only reliable means for indicating to interested partiessuch as manufacturers, consumers, dad-additions to or substitutions of liquids contained therein, because they are situated in a position which renders any addition or substitution obvious. The devices hitherto constructed for this purpose are very imperfect. In fact, the action of all of them is limited toaifording evidence of fraud when, the receptacle being upright and the level of the liquid becoming lower normally, an addition to the liquid has been made. WVith such devices it is possible by holding a full bottle neck downward to unstopper it, empty it, producea vacuum in it, refill it with any desired liquid, and again place it in an upright position without the device indicating the substitution which has taken place, and also without the knowledge of the consumer to add a liquid to the contents of a bottle in the draining position, provided the level of the liquid isagain brought to the height of the float, without the said float indicating that a mixture has taken place.

In order to be efficient, the device should supply, in addition to the direct control from above downward, an inverse control from below upward, which will indicate substitution of liquid, and a supplementary control which will indicate additions of liquid when the bottle is in the position for draining. Myimproved device hereinafter described enables this twofold result to be attained.

Figure 1 is an elevation of one of the floats. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig.3 is a plan of the secondary float. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an elevation showing the two floats assembled. Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the tube containing the floats connected to a receptacle. Fig. 7 shows the tube detached. Fig. 8 is-a sectional view with the tube within the receptacle. Fig. 9 is a similar view of a modified form. Fig. 10 is aver- 1 tical section showing a different arrangement. Fig. 11 is a view in elevation, showing another modification; Fig. 12 is a vertical section showing the application of the invention to a bottle. Fig. 13 shows the bottle turned down to a horizontal position. Fig. 14 is a detail of another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 15 is an enlarged sectional detail of the neck of the bottle.

The essential feature of my invention consists in providing two floats, Figs. 1 to 4, which are displaced within a tube having a' channeled or fluted inner wall. These two floatsact as though there were but one so long as the vessel has not been tampered with. As soon, I10W6V61',"3.S any portion of the contents of the vessel have been removed one of 76 the floats becomes fixed, while the other continues to be displaced until the fraud ceases. The second float then comes to rest, and the distance which separates the two floats indicates amount of liquid fraudulently extracted. 75

By means of my improved device control is exercised from the moment of manufacture to thetime of consumption, as will appear from the'following description. I

One of the floats a of suitable formsuch, for example,'as that represented in Figs. 1 and 2--presents two diametrically opposite grooves and a point. It terminates in a counterweight b, to the rod of which are attached two small arms or projections passing along the grooves. Upon this float rests the second float c, constituted by a cap, in the center of which is formed an orifice in which are engaged the arms of the float aand the upper or lower portion of this latter. In'addition 90 to this the float c is provided with arms or projections d, arranged in'an inverseidirec- I tion to those of the float a. The two floats are placed as a whole within a transparent tube having a fluted inner wall.-' I

My improved device operates in the following manner: Assuming that the device is to be applied to receptacles containing alcohol, as the liquid is introduced so the level natnw rally moves upward. The floats being an 10o ing .the extent of the fraud.

ranged in the tube a, communicating by means of its upper and lower extremities with the receptacle f, also rise so long as the level of the liquid rises. The arms (1 yield when they encounter a groove in the tube 6, and the arms of the float a do not touch these grooves, being drawn inward or retained by the float 0; but if liquid is withdrawn from the vessel the float a' will descend, and the float 0 will tend to follow this movement. In this case, however, its arms will strike against the grooves in the tube 6, which are exactly beneath them, and the float 0 will be stopped. The float a will continue to descend, its arms having no resistance from the grooves to overcome. As soon as the flow of liquid ceases and the level again rises in the vessel the float awill be stopped, owing to its arms having struck against the first groove which is situated above them. Fig. 7 shows the position of the two floats. The distance which separates the two floats permits of deter1nin- With this object the tube is preferably graduated. If the level of the liquid in the vessel is intended to vary from above downward, the float c is arranged beneath the float a and its arms are directed upward, while the arms of the float a are directed downward. It liquid is introduced into the vessel, the float 0 comes to rest. The float a rises and stops when liquid is again withdrawn. As in the preceding case, the distance between the two floats determines the extent of the fraud.

If the liquid is in a receptacle serving for transport, and which consequently may be placed in any position and whose contents may be attacked at all points of its surface, I employ the device represented in Figs. 8 to 11. A rod g, the length of which is equal to the radius of the vessel, is attached to the bung-hole. It is provided with a universal joint h,to which is attached a ring 1, surroundiuga tube j, in which the two floats a and c are displaced. A mass of glass maintains the tube j constantly vertical. This latter is supported by beads of glass Z, which rest upon the ring 1' or in any other appropriate manner. By the side of the tubej is arranged a striated and graduated rod 'm, around which is arranged a float a, providedwith clappers a and a slide 0. This latter is intended to tighten the lower arms of the clappers against the rod, and thus to stop the float n at the moment of verification. If the two floats a and c are separated, it will be apparent that some portion of the contents has been extracted. If, on the other hand, the floats are bothat the bottom of the tube j, no fraud has taken place, because they have descended to this point during the extraction of the appli- 1 ance from the vessel; but this device controls only the liquid contained within the sphere, the diameter of which is equal to the length ofthe tube y. In order to control also those portions of the liquid situated outside this sphere, it is necessary to employ two such devices, one in each half of the barrel. Perfect control is then exercised, no matter in what position the receptacle is placed. A similar device may be applied to bottles used by the consumer. They comprise two tubes 7" andj. The floats of the first named are operative when the bottle is upright, Fig. 12, and those of the second when it is inclined, horizontal, Fig. 13, or inverted. The tube 0 is maintained in position within the bottle in any suitable manner. Both tubes communicate with the interior of the bottle at their upper and lower extremities. While filling is taking place the floats are maintained at the upper portion of the tubes by means of a wire.

. In order to obviate any possibility of touching the floats while emptying is taking place, washers s t, having holes arranged so as to form bafflesthat is to say, in such a manner that they do not registerare placed in the neck of the-bottle. This neck may also be provided with a cross-piece t6, furnished with a vertical rod 1;, terminating at its lower por tion in two springs :10, Fig. 15. Around the rod 4) is arranged a ring While the liquid flows from the bottle the ring y is applied against the cross-piece u; but if liquid is forced into the bottle the ringis carried within this latter, thus indicating that an addition or substitution of liquid has taken place. This device constitutes the supplementary control above referred to, and it may be adapt ed not only to bottles, but also at any appropriate point of receptacles of all kinds.

As shown in Fig. 14, I may also employ tubes channeled internally and containing a float for direct control, the float for the inverse control surrounding the tubes, which latter is provided with arms.

In order to render any displacement of the float for direct control impossible when the bottle is placed with the neck downward or the vessel inverted, I may arrange within the tubes a small glass ball a which wedges or looks the float by rolling as far as possible while the movement of rotation of the bottle is being effected, and thus prevents it from rising under the influence of the thrust exerted upon it by the liquid. 1

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A controlling device indicating additions to or substitutions of liquid in the containing vessel, said device being essentially constituted by floats provided with arms displaced within internally-grooved transparent tubes. 2. In a controlling device, the combination of two floats provided with arms one of these floats partially entering within the other in such a manner that its arms are caused to approach the center of the tube, one of the floats serving for direct control and the other for indirect or inverse control, the level of the liquid being thus checked whether it moves from below upward or from above downward.

3. In a controlling device arranged within a bottle, the combination of two internallygrooved tubes, one of which is rigidly fixed, extends throughout the entire length of the bottle and is provided with a ring adapted to' a float for direct control and provided with means for inverse control.

6. In a controlling appliance, the combination with the float for direct control of a means arranged within the glass tube and serving to wedge or look the float when the bottle is inverted for preventing this float from rising under the influence of the thrust exercised upon it by the liquid.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 31st day of August, 1901.

LEON JOSEPH TARDY.

Witnesses:

PAUL CoULoMB, EDWARD P. MAOLEAN.

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