US694877A - Stop mechanism for engines. - Google Patents

Description

:10.594.871 Patented Mar. 4, |902.

T. D. MILLEA.

STOP MECHANISM FOR ENGINES.-

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No. 694,877. Patented Mar. 4,' :902.

T. n. MILLEA. STOP MECHNISM FR ENGINES.

(Appnmion med my 9, 1896.) Y (No Model.) S'Sheets-Sheet 2.

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T. D. IMLLEA.

STD? MECHANISM FR ENGINES.

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T. D; MlLLEA.

STOP MECHANISM FUR ENGINES;

(Application filed Msg 9, 1896.) Nn Model.) 5 sums-sheet 5.

filumulillK l atto mam UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS D'. MILLEA, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO SPRINGFIELD ENGINE STOP COMPANY, -OF NEr YORK, N. Y., A

CORPORATION OF MAINE.

SToP MECHANISM 'Foa ENGINES.

y SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 694,877, dated March 4, 190 2. Application filed May 9, 1896*. lSerial No. 590,833, (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Y

Be it known that I, THOMAS D. MILLEA, a citizen of the United 'States ot' America, residing in Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invent- Y ed new and useful Improvements in Stop.

Mechanisms for Engines, dre., of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and letters of reference marked thereon.

The object of my invention is to provide a stop mechanism which shall be simple and eective and by which the source ot' power employed for driving the engine or motor may be also employed for the purpose of stopping it.

My object. is, further, to provide a device having suliicient power to insure effective action and at the same time easy to putin operation, and to provide a device which 4lnay operate directly upon the governor, the shuto valve, or the reach-rods, and a device adapted to break oft' vacuum in a condensingengine at the same time the live steam isl shut oft, if desired.

v I attain the objects of my invention by the construction herein set ont.

In the accompanying drawings, in Which like letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure l is a perspective View of a portion of an ordinary ball-governor, having arranged adjacent thereto a cylinder and piston adapted to operate to cause the governor tomove in a direction to shut oithe supply to the main cylinders of the engine. Fig. 2 is a perspective of an electromagnetic device adapted to admit steam to the governor-cylinder whenever the magnets are energized. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same o n an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a View in vertical section, illustrating the constructionV in detail of a portion of the valve illustrated in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 isa side elevation showing the arrangement of two valves mounted adjacent to each other, one being adapted for the admission ofsteam to the governor-cylinder and one for the admission of air to the vacuum chamber or vacuum end of a steam-cylinder. Fig. 6 is a top .view of tWo valves mounted adjacent to eachother and with a single lever adapted tocontrol both. Fig. 7 is a side elevation 'illustrating the application of my invention, wherein a cylinder is employed not only for Athe purpose of operating the governor, and

thus shutting ott the source of power, but also another like cylinder, but preferably of less size, employed to destroy the vacuum. Fig. 8 illustrates the application of the same method of operation directly to the reach-rods of the Oorliss type of engine." Fig. 9 illustrates a mechanical construction for tripping the lever and opening the valve, which may be used independently of or in conjunction with the electric mechanism; and Fig. l0 is a vertical section of a valvewherein a spring` is employed to .open the valve against pressure and preferably employed for/destroying the vacuum.

In detail, A indicates a ball-governor banjo or stai; B, governor-cylinder; C, support for electromagnets, armature, and lever; D and E, valves; F, electromagnets; G, armature; H,vlever; I, valve-stem cap; J, K, L, and M, conduits; N, governor-stein; O, rocker; P, governor-cylinder inlet; It, branch conduit; S, valve-lever.

c indicates the piston-rodv ofthe governorcylinder; b, av rod projecting from. the governor-stem into the path of thegovernor-cylinder piston rod; c, a supporting -bracket mounted upon the banjo; (La bracket mounted upon the bracket c; c, insulating-material between the two brackets; f, a tubularfsupport mounted in bracket d; g, a rod adjustably mounted in the part f; h and h, adjustable collars; land t', contact points or springs; j, a bracket mounted upon plate C, adapted to support the armature; k, an extension or necting-rod; oo, armature-actuating leveryyfgfy and z, valve-stein springs.

The construction and operation of my device will be readily understood on reference to the drawings, in which in Fig. l I illustrate one of the simplest forms of arranging my device, taking for the purpose of illustra- ICO' tion an ordinary ballgovernor'. I mount upon the banjo or staif or adjacent thereto a bracket c, upon which is supported a cylinder B, it being provided with a piston and piston-rod of any convenient form of construction, and an arm b is mounted in the governorstem, which arm projects into the path of the piston-rod a.. It will now be seen that if steam be allowed to enter the cylinder the piston will be forced upwardly and the end of the piston-rod brought in contact with the arm b, thus forcing the stem upwardly and operating through intermediate mechanism to close the supply of steam to the engine-cylinders, and thereby cause the stopping of theengine.

In order to bring the governor-cylinder mechanism into operation,Iillustrate in Figs.

2 and 3 a convenient valve and let-olf mechanism, consisting, preferably, of two electromagnets F, mounted upon a plate C, and pivotally mounted adjacent to the cores ofthe magnets is the armature G, provided at its lower end with an extension lf; and a retractile spring Z. The valve preferably consists of a valve-body, such as shown in Fig. 3, having an interior seat fm, as shown in Fig. 4, and a stem n, provided at its end with a valvedisk o, the end of which stem projects through suitable packing, and over the end portion of the stem is arranged a cap I, and between the stem end and bottom of the recess in the cap is arranged a springp. The object of this spring is to avoid the nice adjustment which would otherwise be required to seat the valvedisk and maintain it in accurate closed position against pressure by the operation of a lever fixed in position. This spring, therefore, will compensate for all slight variations and enable me to maintain the valve closed against pressure regardless of the exact position of the lever.

The lever H is pivotally mounted upon the plate C, and its short arm bears against the top of the cap I, while its opposite end bears upon the armature G when the magnets are not energized. When, however, the magnets are energized, the armature is drawn toward the magnets andout of the path of the lever H, thus allowingit to turn upon its pivot and fall by gravity to the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and at the same time the pressure uponthe cap is removed, so that the valve-disk may be raised from its seat by the steam-pressure and steam permitted to pass through the valve into the conduit J and thence tothe conduitPand enter thegovernorcylinder B, thus causing the govnor to operate, as before stated, and shut off the supply of steam to the engine-cylinder. To prevent the accidental removal of the cap I from the valve-stem n, the stem is slotted, and a screw or pin q passes through the cap and slot.

The conduit K is connected directly with the steam-space on the boiler, so that it will be observed the steam-pressure which operates to drive the engine is also utilized to stop it when desired.

The electromagnets are of course electrically connected with switches or push-buttons at various convenient points in the dierent rooms of a factory or other building, so that in the event of an accident the engine may be immediately stopped by moving the switch or pressing the button, thus energizing the magnets and causing the device to operate, as before stated.

For the purpose of a speed-limit'attachment to cause the device to operate in the event of the governor-belt slipping or if for any cause the engine should attain a higher rate of speed than desired, in which event it becomes desirable to automatically shut down the engine, I provide contact-pinst and t, mounted adjustably upon an adjustable rod g, which rod is mounted, preferably, in a tubular support f, the latter being mounted in a bracket d, electrically insulated from the bracket e. If now the governorbelt should break, the arm b would be carried downwardly because of the balls falling to their lowest limit and the arm b would be brought in wiping contact with the contactpiece t', thus making electrical connection between the governor-stem and the electromagnets, thus causing the magnets to be energized, the armature to be operated upon, the valve opened, and the steam shut off, while, on the other hand, if the engine should attain a higher rate of speed than desired the arm b would be carried upwardly until it came in contact with the contact-piece t", thus making the same electrical connection before described when operating to stop the engine.

With condensing-engines it has been found that notwithstanding the fact that steam is shut oft' the engine would continue to run until the vacuum was destroyed, and for the purpose of overcoming this objectionable feature I provide a means for admitting air either into the vacuum-chamber or directly to the valve mechanism connecting with the cylinders, and it will be seen that the same arrangement of electromagnets,lever, and valve may be employed for that purpose, and in Fig. 5 I have shown two valves arranged adjacent to each other, one being adapted for the admission of steam to the governor-cylinder and the other for the admission of air to the vacuum-chamber or other desired point. If, however, it is desired, the lever may be arranged to operate upon both valves, so that but one arrangement of electromagnets, le-

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ver, and support would be required, and in Fig. 6 I show in plan viewa portion of a lever provided at the end with an enlargement or T-head arranged to engage both the steamvalve and the vacuum-valve, so that, as before stated, both will operate by the same electric device. e

In Fig. 7 I illustrate an arrangement of parts wherein a cylinder is employed to operate each valve, the two cylinders B and B being connected with the same steam-valve D by means of branch conduit R, conducting the steam tot'hje cylinder B', the piston-rod of Whichcylinder engages; a Weighted lever S, which in turn raisesthe valve-s tcinr, and

thus the valvedisk 0, and allows the air to rush in through suit-able conduits and destroy the vacuum, so that the operation ofthe device Will shut od the supply ot'steam, as 4before stated, and destroy the vacuum, thus causingan immediate stoppage.

Fig. Sshows a method whereby. the operation described in connection with Fig. lis re-k versed by means of the cylinder B and the piston-rod a, the lever s being forced upward and the connecting-rod between the governor and the lever opposite the piston being forcedv engages aro'ckerarxn u, causing itto be turned from its normal position bythe .upward or A jwhatI claim, anddesire to secu rebyLetters downward movement of thestem N and causing the rocker in either event to engagea p ivoted lever v, which in turn operates through -the medium of the connecting-rod tu upon a magnets and out of the path of the lever H, as before explained, thus putting in operation the shut-0E mechanism.

In some instancesavacu uni-valve provided. with a straight stem and spring Will be more..

convenient than the lever-valve before de- Y scribed, and for the purposel provide'avalve. construction 'as illustrated in Fig. l0, the

this valve, however, the stem is extended up`v wardly a sufficient distance to enable me to interpose two springs y and e, the lattervhavlng sufficient tensionto overcome theatinos-- pheric pressure, so thatiupon the lever H be-k ing turned to permit the stem to move'iip-f wardly the'spring e will operate against the collar fastened to the stem andilift the valveA f disk against atmospheric pressure. I n order, however, to maintain the valve-disk inl its closedposition,itbecomesnecessary to provide' 4a spring above the spring .e having sufcient tension to overcome theten'sion of thespring z and something in addition.

y equal to eighteen poundsper squareinch.

The valve-disk Willbe held upon itsrseat'with the pressure of one pound'per square inch,

and whenthe pressure uponthe spring y is vFor the 'purpose of illustration suppose the .springe have l a tension sufticient to develop a power'when` springing open ot seventeen vpounds 'tothe thestem and disk, and thus permit thepassage of air, as before described.

The governor mechanlsm Aacting directly upon the valves which control tliesupplyof steam to the engine maybe styled the main shut-oft mechanism, andthe devices which.. act upon this main shut-olf mechanismas 'the cylinder B with itspiston-rod, the valve in the conduit J, and the electrical apparatus for actuating said valvesmay be termedthe auxiliary shut ott mechanism, since these .latter devices or members taken together are `accessory tothe governor mechanism and in reality 'composeha secondary vor4 auxiliary' 'mechanism vfor lindirectly operating or shut- -ting 0E thefengine-valves.

lt Will'readily be seen that very many moditications in detail of constructionmay be;em

ployed Withou'tldeparting from my invention.

It will also'vbe seen that 1u'fithoutmaterialalterat-ions the device may he. made operativeA `by ihe employment ot a closed.Y circuit A'as Wellas With an open circuit, as herein ole-,- scribed.,

Having therefore described my invention,

depend'e'nt'of the' main shut-"ott mechanism, a conduit extending from the shut-oliv cylinder,"to the source oi- I power, a valve in said conduit, a lever arranged tocon'trol said valve, an armature adapted to maintain said lever lever, said electromagnet being connectedjby lin alixed position, an'electroinagnet arranged j to move the armature and therebyrelease the suitable conductors with a source ot velec-fY trical energy,an d means interposedinithe path of the piston-rod of the shut-off cylinder ftocausethe operation of Athe mainshutfoft meohanismw'hich in turn operates to shut od IIO ythe motive force to theinotor, substantially as set forth.

2. In com'bination'with, a motor andinain .Y i

lshut-foff mechanism consisting essentially of a fshutfo cylinder havnga piston andpismechanism to cut" o the supply of steam or shut-off I'nechanism therefor, an auxiliary A ton-rod arranged to operate the main shut-.od i.

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boiler' or other reservoirof power., a valve inv l said conduit, a lever adaptedtocontrolsaid jvalve, anarmature adaptedf to hold said lever in its normal position, andan electromagnet capable when energized of moving said,` i

asgset forth.v

f. In'combinatiou with a *motorandaAmai-rnY shut-ott mechanism therefor including a gov-4 ernor, an auxiliary shut-,olii` mechanism independent ofthe main shut-off mechanism, consisting essentially of a cylinder provided with armature to set'iree the lever, substantially, y

a piston and piston-rod, a conduit extending from the shut-off cylinder to a reservoir of motive force, a valve in said conduit, a lever arranged to control said valve, an armature adapted to hold said lever in normal position,

.an electromagnet to operate the armature and thereby set free the lever and open the valve, a projection having its position controlled by the governor, and an adjustable contact-point in the path of said projection, the projection, contact-point and electromagnet being in the same electric circuit when the two former are in Contact, substantially as set forth.

4. In a shut-off mechanism operated by steam or fluid pressure, a lever, an inletvalve maintained in its normal closed position by said lever and a spring-provided part interposed between the holding -lever and stem, the lever being free when released to move out of the path of the stem and release the pressure upon the spring and leave the valve free to open, substantially as shown.

5. In a shut-o mechanism operated by steam or iluid pressure, an inlet-valve having a stem-provided valve-disk, a cap arranged upon the stem, a spring interposed between the two, and means to hold the cap in position to compress the spring, substantially as and for the purposes shown.

6. In combination with a low-pressure motor, a shut-oliil cylinder provided with a pistonrod arranged to shut ed the supply of steam or other motive force to the engine-cylinder, a conduit leading to the shut-off cylinder for the conveyance of motive force thereto, a valve arranged therein, a conduit leading to the vacuum, a valve arranged in said conduit, and means to open both said valves at substantially the same time, substantially as and for the purposes shown.

7. In combination with a low-pressure m0- tor, two valves arranged adjacent to each lever operatively controlling both said valves,

and means to control said lever, substantially as shown.

8. In a stop mechanism, thecombination of a governor, a projection the position of which is governed by the speed of the motor, one or more contact-pieces adjustably arranged'in the path of said projection, and a shut-0E device adapted to be put in operation by an electric device, said electric device and contact-pieces being in electrical connection only when one of said pieces is in contact with said projection, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, of a governor, a projection on one of the movable parts thereof, a shut-off cylinderv having a piston and pistonrod the latter being arranged to engage said projection, when operated, contact -pieces suitably mounted in the path of the projection, a conduit leading to the shut-off cylinder, a valve in said conduit, an electrically- Y operated valve-operating device, a source of electrical energy, and suitable electric conductors employed to bring the contact-pieces into circuit when in contact with the projection, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, in a shut-olf mechanism, of an inlet-valve, a spring to hold said valve closed when said spring is under tension, a conduit extending from the valve to the source of power, a cylinder provided with a piston and piston-rod adapted to operate to close the main shut-off valve of a motor, a conduit extending from said inlet-valve to said cylinder, a lever arranged to maintain said spring under tension, an armature to engage one end of said lever, an electromagnet to move said armature, when energized, and means to energize said electromagnet at will, substantially as set forth. l

1l. In a shut-off mechanism for a vacuumengine the combination of a cylinder, a piston and piston-rod arranged to shut off the supply of steam to the engine-cylinder, a conduitv leading to the shut-o cylinder, a valve arranged therein, a conduit leading to the vacuum, a valve arranged thereinand means to open both said valves by the operation of a sin; gie releasing device, substantially as shown.

THOMAS D. MILLEA. Witnessesz JAMES H. CARY, M. J. CARROLL.

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