US69417A - Francis ellekshausen - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. '1. 1851 4 F. ELLERSHAUSEN.

Refining Cast-Steel.

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FRANGIS ELLERSHAUSEN, OF OTTAWA, CANADA.

Letters Patent No. 69,417, datcd October 1', 1867; patented n Canada September 14, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFAGTURE OF GAST STBEL.

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TO ALL WHQM IT MAY CONOERN:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS ELLERSHAUSEN, of Ottawa city, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented :L new and useful Improvement in the Munufacture of Cast Steel; and I do hcreby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the szune, reference being hed to the uccompanying dmw'ings, forming port of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represente ahorizontol section of furnace at fire-burs on line A B, figs. 2 and 3.

Figure 2 represente :L vertical section of furnace on line O D, fig. 1.

Figure 3 represents a vertical section of furnace on line E-F, fig. 1.

Similm' lctters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severnl figures.

In the dr iwings, O represents the cxternztl shell of the furnnce, and moy be constructed in o, Square form, ns shown in fig. 1, of brick or other suitable material. A chimney of suiteble height will bo corried up from the furnace, und is marked on the drawings as O'. The inner sido of the furna-ce nml chimney is lineal with fire-brick, E,orl'anged in the peculiar form shown in the drawings. The inside of this fm'nace is divided into two listinctfu1'na,ces,A and B, one piaced over the other, :ind sep-rated by a, hearth-plate, D, oi' some refmctory material. C is a fire-grnte placed near the bottom of the lower furnoce A for the reception of the fuel. The division hearth-plete D moy be made of plumbogo,.0r other refractory material. For the reception of this plate a check or rccess is made in the wall, and o suitoble allowanee made for expansion on all sides, or :t shelf or shoulder may be mode round the wall sufiiciently wide to support the hearth-plete D and to permit it to be easily removed by Simply lifting it up. The plate will be of :L curved form, os shown in figs. 2 and. 3, andpossess :z declivity toward the point of discharge of about hnlf an ineh. F is a. suitoble aperture through the shell of the furnace, placed about two feet above the hearth-plate. By this aperture is introduced the cherge, consisting of fuel and ore, into the upper furnaee B for the blooming process. G is e blust pipe to the upper fnrnace, entering the some about ten inches above the hearth-plate. H is the blast pipe of the lower furnace, and enters the same below the grato-bois, as shown in the druwings. J is a Channel for introducing the molten cost iron or cerbonized 'compounds of iron into the upper furnace B, and leads from the henrth of an ordinury blastfurnace. It may be made of clny. K is the feeiling-opening or (loor of the lower furnace for the introduction of fuel into the some. L is o dischnrge-hole for the molten metal, of about one inch in diameter, placcd at the lower end of the hezxrth-plate. M is a. hole for the escape of the Blog.

With the foregoing brief description of my invention, to which I have given the name of Ellershausen s Crucible Furnncc for Manufacturing Cast Steel direct from the Iron Oro, 01' from Iron Ore in connection with Wrought Iron, I will now prooeed to describe the inoc le of working the some. The furnace hzwing been arrange. in the manner describe l, the npper furnuce B, in connection With the hearth-p'late D, forms a, retort, which I term ii crucible, to be heated in the inside by churcoal or pure charreil petit to o suificient extent for the blooming process, and on the outside on the bottom by the fire of the lower furnace A, which is fed with fuel adopted for giving en intenso heat, combustion being maintained in both furnaces by the blast pipes. After both of the furnaces are hcateil suiliciently I introduce through the chnnnel J such :t proportion of molten earbonized iron into the upper furnuce os is required to produce a. given quantity of Cast steol by the union with wrought iron, (for inStanGe, twenty por cont of highly carbonized iron smelted with eighty por cent. of molten iron will give cost steel of about one per cent; of carbon.) The process of blooming iron from iron ore in the .upper furnece is to be commenced, and such o. propor-tion oi' blooms of iron has t-o be sunl in the bath oi' the Cast iron as is required to produce n.- given quantity of cest stoel by the union with cnrbonized iron. Difi erent quo-lities of cast steel may be produced by varying the proportions of cost to wrought iron. During the operation the lower 'urnace is to be kept heoted to o suflicient clogree to maintain the metal in the upper furnace iu o state of fusion After the blooming process is over the metal is drawn ofi' and moulded into ingots as cast Steel, Cast Steel thus menu .factured is as cheap as wrought iron.

The mannfuctnre of Cast steel from iro'n ore in connection with wrought iron is as follows, Viz: After the introduction of cnrbonizecl iron into the nppcr furnace, I smelt wrought iron in the seine, with the eddition of pulverized iron ore in such quantities that the decnrhonization of the smelted wrought iron is efi'ected by the addition of the oxide oi' iron (iron ore) before it sinks into the bath of the previously introdnced carbonized ron. ,In this manner warm-out mils of railwuys may be converted into casi: steel, which, if' desiruble, muy be again munufaeturcd into stoel mils. Cast Steel manufactured by my metliod, as before dcscribed is both superior in quality and produced at a much less cost than by any of the systems heretofore made use of.

I do not confi-ne myself to the' precise details herein set forth, as they may be slightly varied with the form and size of the furnaees employed Having thus described my invention, what; I elaim as new; :ind dcsre to SGGLU'O by Letters Patent, is-

1. The furriaee above descrbecl, eonsisting of the retort B, heurth-plate D, and lo'wer fire-chambcr A, Wllcn the parts are eonstructed, eombincd, and arranged in' the manuel' above set foi-th and for the purpose specified.

2. The hearth-plate D, in a, furriace containng the retort B und fire-Chamber A, substantiully as and foxthe purpose seb foi-th. r

3. The process of obtaining cast Steel directly from ron ore, or from iron ore in connection with wrought iron, substantially as above dcscribed.

FRANCIS ELLERSHAUSEN.

Witnesses:

JAMES I-I. GRIDLEY, NATHAN K. ELLSWORTH.

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