US691337A

US691337A - Apparatus for feeding fine fuel.

Info

Publication number: US691337A
Application number: US79319A
Authority: US
Inventors: Rolla C Carpenter
Original assignee: ATLAS PORTLAND CEMENT Co
Current assignee: ATLAS PORTLAND CEMENT Co
Priority date: 1901-08-07
Filing date: 1901-10-21
Publication date: 1902-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1919-01-14

Description

2. o M7 n. a l d nu t n e v t a P R E T N E DI R A c C. R. 7. 3 3l! m 6 0. N

umumus,v Fon FEEDING FINE FUEL.

Application mea. oefh 21, 1901.;

(No Modjel.)

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NITED STATES PATENT ROLLA C. CARPENTER, OE ITHACA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ATLAS PORT- LAND CEMENT COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR FEEDING FINE FUEL.

PSEEECIFEGALEION forming part of Letters Patent No. 69] ,337, dated January 14, 19024. (Jriginal application iiled August 7. 1901, Serial No. 71,172. Divided and this application tiled October 21, 1901. Serial To a/ZZ whom/it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ROLLA C. CARPENTER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Ithaca, in the county ofTompkins and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulApparatus for Feeding Fine Fuel,of which this is a specicatiomtaken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings,in which the same reference characters refer to similar parts in io the several figures.

This application is a division of my copendingr application, Serial No.7l,l'72,fled August 7, 1901.

Hy invention relates generally to appara- I 5 tus for burning pulverized fuel, more particularly adapted to the roasting of cement material in rotary furnaces in which a jet of air containing pulverized carbonaceous fuel and the heated gases resulting from the combus- 2o tion of such fuel pass up through the furnace as an axial core and heat the walls ofthe furnace by radiation in the manner indicated in the patent to Hurry and Seaman, No. 645,031,

of March 6, 1900.

My invention relates specifically to an improved method and apparatus by which an air-jet initially of larger diameter and of lower pressure than that indicated as the preferredy form of jet in the said patent may be success- 3o fully employed to heat these rotary furnaces. Figure l shows a side elevation of a rotary furnace to which my apparatus has been applied, parts being shown in section. Fig. 2

is an end View of part of this device, portions being omitted to more clearly indicate the construction. Fig. 3 is a partial sectional plan view taken substantially alongthe axis of the furnace. Figs. 4 and 5 are details of a modied form of one part ofmy apparatus.

4o A is a rotary cylindrical furnace composed of a shell A2., of wrought-iron or other suitable material, lined with refractory material A3, such as fire-brick, this furnace being of the well-known ty'peof rotary furnace adapted for use in burning cement. The furnace is Y mounted torevolve on suitable rings A', se'- cured to the shell of the furnace and resting in antifriction-rollers B'. The gear D about the middle of the shell is engaged by suitable (No model.)

l driving apparatus C,`which serves to slowly 5o rotate the furnace in the direction indicated by the arrow. (See Fig. 1.) The furnace is slightly inclined, as is shown in the drawings, to insure the properfeed of the cement material through it, and the upper end of the furnace projects into a vertical chamber B, which has suitable connection with a stack C through an archw'ay or opening C2 in the chamber. The chamber is formed with two openings closed by doors or covers B2 B3, serv- 6o ing to permit access to the chamber for cleaning and also for inspection of the interior of the furnace. 'The conduit C3 for the cement material, which may be protected by a waterber B and into theupper end of the rotary furnace, so that the material is delivered into the furnace and is (fed gradually down it, forming a longitudinal accumulation of cement material along the bottom and one side 7o of the furnace, as is indicated in the drawings. l

The lower end or mouth of the furnace communicates with the exitor combustion chamberD, formed of refractory materialF and hav- 75 ing suitable strengthening-plates, the plate F beingon the outsideot the chamber directly opposite the mouth of the furnace. The material falls from the lower end of the furnace upon the chute H, from which it 8o passes into the rotating cooling-cylinder H', substantially similar in construction to the rotary furnace and Well known in this art. Secured to the strengthening-plate F' is the platform or supporting-shelf F4 for the burn- 8 5 ers E E2, which project through suitable openings F? F3 in the side of the combustionchamber opposite the mouth ofthe furnace. Suitable plates F7 may be employed to t closely about the burner-tubes and serve to 9o close the openings through which these tubes project into the combustion-chamber, these plates moving with the burner-tubes as they are adjusted. Upon the supporting-shelf F4 are formed two frames F5 F6, each inclosing 95 one of the burner-tubes, which at this point is preferably formed with a square extension E4 about the tube, which is engaged by four jacket,if desired, extends through the cham- Y bolts F8, passing through the frame at right angles to each other to readily adjust the position of the front end of each of the burnertubes. (See Fig. 2.)

Pulverized carbonaceous fuel formed by p ulverizing to an impalpable powder anthracite or bituminous coal, or a mixture of the two, is fed from the hopper G4, where a snpplyof this material is always maintained, by the screw conveyer G3, which gradually feeds this material down into the passage G2, communicating with the blast-pipe G. A continuous blast of air, which is preferably of low pressure, is maintained through this blastpipe G' by any suitable means, such as a centrifugal blower G, which gives a moderate air-pressure. The blast-pipe communicates with the bifurcated pipe E, and, as shown in the drawings, the two burner-tubes are secured to the branches of this pipe by means of a short section of some iiexible material E3, which serves to connect each one of the burner-tubes to the pipe E in a flexible manner, forming practically a ball-and-socket joint at this point. Any other connecting means may be employed, and since it is only necessary to have a very slight freedom of movement of the burner-tubes the ordinary slip-joint between the light sheet-metal pipes of which the burners are constructed isusually sufficient to allow this movement.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have indicated a modified form of burner with a device for diverting part of a jet of fine fuel toward the side of the furnace, if desired. The burner-tube E5 has adj ustably attached to it by the setscrew K5 the sleeve K4, which may be adjusted longitudinally of the burner-tube or an-A gularly with respect thereto. The compound diverting-plate K is rigidly secured to this sleeve by the two attaching-plates K3. The diverting-plate K is formed with one face K preferably extending substantially parallel with the axis ofthe burner-tube and the other inclined face K2, which is intended to divert part of the jet of air and fine fuel Vissuing from the burner-tube awayfrom the main portion of the jet, so that this part of the jet may be inclined, if desired, toward the Wall of the furnace to act in a way in connection therewith similar to the action of the inclined jet E2.

The operation of this apparatus is asfollows: The burner E is intended to produce a arne extending substantially parallel to the axis of the rotating furnace, and the burner is therefore trained to produce this result. The burner-tube is substantially parallel to the axis, as is shown in Fig. 2, and this burner is located a little to one side of the axis of the furnace. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that by this apparatus a continuous uniform jet of air and line fuel issues from the burner E and enters the combustion-chamber, where it meets an additional supply of heated air which has entered the combustion-chamber after having passed up through the cement-cooling cylinder and been heated therein. The jet after being properly ignited burns continuously in the hot furnace with a comparatively steady iiame, heating the walls ot the furnace and the material fed through the furnace by radiation in Ya wellknown manner.v The second jet of fine fuel issues from the burner E2 and burns within the furnace in a manner similar to the other jet. This jet is inclined, as shown in the drawings, toward the adjacent furnace-wall, so that the outer envelops of this jet impinge slightly upon the mass ofclinker or cement material which is fed down along one side of the furnace, as indicated. This jet and the envelops of intensely-heated gases surrounding it heat the adjacent cement material and they walls of the` furnace at a point comparatively near the lower end of the furnace to a much greater extent than they heat the other parts of the furnace, since the jet at this point has assumed an eccentric position with relation to the walls of the furnace, because the iiame at this point is much nearer to the side ofthe furnace. This maintains a hot zone near the lower end of the furnace under all normal conditions of operation and insures the correct distribution of heat at the various parts of the furnace to secure the proper burning of the cement material.

It will be noted that by the means I have disclosed the inclination of the jet E2 may be varied, so that there is a greater or less local heating effect at the point desired by reason of the greater facility with which heat is supplied to the furnace-Walls at this point as the jet is directed nearer to these walls. It is desirable in the ordinary operation of this ap-` paratus to vary the degree of inclination from time to time to secure the best results, and also in some cases when an abnormal aggregation of cement material adheres to the furnace-lining at anypoint it is desirable to direct the coal-jet so that the heat therefrom will have a greater action upon the furnacelining at this point to remove such accumulation of cement.

I do not desire that there shall be such direct impingement of the inclined jet upon the furnace-Walls as `will burn ont the walls of the furnace in the hot zone, since any very direct impingement of a coal-jet will quickly destroy the fu rnace-lining. Whatever slight impingement occurs should preferably take place upon that part of the furnace that is protected by the mass of clinker or cement material; but even here any substantial impingement of the particles carried upon the air-jet is in practice prevented by the strong draft up the furnace, which tends to restore the inclined jet toward the axis of the furnace.

' While I have shown the inclined coal-jet as operating in connection with a jet which enters the furnace substantially parallel to IOO IIO

the axis of the same and which impinges very little, if at all, upon its walls, I Wish to be understood that a single coal-jet may be em-- ployed inclined toward the furnace-Wall. It Will be understood in such case that the advantages which I have set forth from the slightly-inclined jet in heating the furnacewalls to produce a hot zone at the lower part of the furnace and to insure the proper burning of the pulverized fuel and the proper distribution of heat at various parts of the furnace to burn cement in the correct manner is secured when Aonly a single slightly-inclined jet is employed.

While I prefer to employ jets of air and fine fuel of uniform character and of low pressure, as I have disclosed, nevertheless jets produced by a higher initial air-pressure and produced by different apparatus may be employed. In place of the jet which I have shown as issuing from the burner E such a high-pressure compound jetI as is shown in the Hurry and Seaman patent may be-employed. Such ajet may also be used in place of the slightly-inclined jet- E2 either when the jet E2 is used in connection with the jet E or when it is used alone, as I have described. Other modifications may be made in the form, number, and arrangement of the jet or jets. Furthermore, any desired apparatus may be employed for producing jets of air and fine fuel and for introducing them into the furnace.

The inclination of the jets or of any desired portion thereof may be accomplished, instead of inclinin g the burner-tube from which a jet issues, by the diverting-plate Which I have shown in Figs. -l and 5, which-serves to divert part of the jet, as has been explained, away from the body of the jet, so that this diverted part of the'jet may be turned toward the walls of the furnace. Any other desired arrangement of diverting plate or plates may be employed, and these may be adjustably mounted upon the burner-tube to incline a greater or less portion of the jets toward the Walls of the furnace. Such diverting-plates may be employed, if desired, to divert an entire jet.

Numerous other modifications of my apparatus and method of using the same might be employed by those skilled in this art. I do not, therefore, Wish to be limited to the disclosure Which I have made in this case; but what I Wish to secure by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed as new is- 1. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical rotary furnace, a combustion-chamber communicating with the mouth of said furnace, means for producing a low-pressure jet of fine fuel and adjustable means for directing such jet substantially parallel to the axis of said furnace, means for producing a second low-pressure jet of fine fuel and adjustable means to `incline said second jet Within said furnace toward the Walls thereof at a point adjacent the mouth of said furnace to create a hot zone near the mouth of said furnace.

2. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical rotary furnace, means for producing a low-pressure uniform jet of tine fuel and for directing a jet of such fuel into the furnace substantially parallel to the axis thereof, means for pro.- ducing a second jet of ne fuel and adjustable means to direct said second jet of such fuel toward the material treated in such furnace at a point near the mouth of the furnace to slightly impinge upon such material to maintain a hot zone near the mouth of such furnace.

3. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical rotary furnace, a vertical'chamber communicating with the upper end of said furnace to receive the products of combustion, a combustionchamber communicating with the mouth of said furnace, means to supply heated air to said combustion-chamber, means to produce a uniform jet of air and ne fuel and adjustable means to direct such jet toward the side of said furnace and the material treated in said furnace to maintain a hot zone at such part of the furnace.

4. In a cement-furnace, a rotary cylindrical furnace, a chamber communicating with the upper end of the said furnace to receive the products of combustion, a combustion-chamber communicating with the mouth of said furnace, means to admit air to said combustion-chamber, means to produce a uniform low-pressure jet of air and ne fuel and adjustable means to direct said jet into said furnace into proximity with the Walls of said furnace to produce a hot zone in said furnace by the proximity of such-jet to the Walls of said furnace.

5. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace, means to form jets of fine fuel, adjustable means to direct such jets into said furnace at an inclination to maintain a proper combustion of such jets and to maintain a hot zone near the mouth of said furnace by the slight inclination of such jets toward the inner Walls of said furnace.

6. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace, means to produce a jet of fine fuel and means to direct said jet of material into said furnace toward the Walls of said furnace near the mouth of the same to maintain a hot zone near the mouth of said furnace.

7. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace,

means to produce a jet of fine fuel and means to directsaid jet of material into said furnace toward the Walls of said furnace near the mouth of the same to main tain a hot Zone near the mouth of said furnace. 8. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace, means to form jets of air and fine fuel, means to direct such jets into the mouth of` said furnace and means to incline part of such jets toward the Walls of said furnace to produce a hot zone therein.

9. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace, means to produce jets of air and fine fuel IIO Within said furnace and means to incline part of such jets toward the Walls of said furnace to produce a hot zone in said furnace.

10. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace, means to produce low-pressure jets of air and fine fuel Within said furnace and means to incline part of such jets toward the Walls of said furnace to produce a hot zone in lsaid furnace. i

11. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical rotary furnace, means for producing jets of air and fine fuel, means for directing part of such jets substantially parallel to the axis of said furnace and means for inclining part of such jets toward the Walls of said furnace.

12. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical rotary furnace, means to form jets of air and ne fuel and means to direct such jets into the mouth of said furnace to cause part of such jets to assume a position in proximity to the Walls of said furnace to produce a hotzone therein by the proximity of such jets to the Walls of said furnace.

13. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical furnace, means to form jets of air and fine fuel and means to direct such jets into the mouth of said furnace to cause such jets-to assume a position in proximity to the Walls of said furnace to produce a hot zone therein by proximity of such jets to the Walls of said furnace.

14. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical furnace, means to produce jets of air and fine fuel and means to direct such jets into the mouth of said furnace to cause the eccentric position of part of such jets in said furnace to produce a hot zone therein by the eccentric position of such jets in said furnace.

15. In a cement-furnace, a cylindrical furnace, means to produce a jet of fine fuel and means to direct such jet into the mouth of said furnace to cause such jet to assume an eccentric position in said furnace and to slightly impinge upon the material fed through said furnace to produce a hot zone in said furnace.

16. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace, means to form jets of fine fuel and means to direct such jets into the mouth of said furnace to cause such jets to assume an eccentric position with respect to the Walls of said furnace.

17. In a cement-furnace, a rotary furnace, means to produce jets of ne fuel, and means to direct such jets into said furnace to cause part of such jets to assume an eccentric position with respect to the Walls of said furnace to produce a hot zone in said furnace by the eccentric position of part of such jets with respect to the Walls of said furnace.

18. -In a cement-furnace, an elongated cylindrical furnace, means to produce a jet of fine fuel and means to direct suchv jet into said furnace to cause such jet to assume an eccentric position with respect to the walls of said furnace, to produce a hot zone in said furnace by the eccentric position of such jet with respect to the walls of said furnace.

ROLLA C. CARPENTER.

VVitnessesz RALPH G. YOUNG, MAX H. MINER.