US6868077B1 - Device enabling different spreading factors while preserving a common rambling code, in particular for transmission in a code division multiple access cellular mobile radio system - Google Patents

Device enabling different spreading factors while preserving a common rambling code, in particular for transmission in a code division multiple access cellular mobile radio system Download PDF

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Publication number
US6868077B1
US6868077B1 US09/291,748 US29174899A US6868077B1 US 6868077 B1 US6868077 B1 US 6868077B1 US 29174899 A US29174899 A US 29174899A US 6868077 B1 US6868077 B1 US 6868077B1
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spreading
max
length
code
blocks
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Frédéric Gourgue
Fabienne Roosen
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/204—Multiple access
    • H04B7/216—Code division or spread-spectrum multiple access [CDMA, SSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems

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  • the present invention is generally concerned with spread spectrum communication systems, i.e. systems in which spectrum spreading is applied to a sequence of data to be transmitted, on transmission, using a spreading code, and, conversely, despreading is effected on reception, in order to find the original sequence.
  • d 1 .c 1 represents the multiplication of d 1 by c 1 .
  • An alternative representation of the spread sequence of length Q.N is (d 1 .c Q , d 2 .c Q , . . . dN.c Q ) where d 1 .c Q represents the product of the symbol d 1 by the spreading code c Q .
  • a more general approach to spreading consists in having a different spreading code for each symbol of the input sequence, in which case the resulting spread sequence can be expressed in the form: (d 1 .c Q (1) ,d 2 .c Q (2) , . . . dN.c Q (N) ), C Q (1) being the spreading code associated with the symbol d 1 . All the spreading codes preferably have the same length Q so that the resulting spread sequence has the length Q.N.
  • dn and dn+1 correspond to two successive symbols of a non-spread incoming sequence
  • d′ 1 and d′ 1 +1 correspond to two successive basic symbols (or “chips”) of the same spread symbol of the incoming sequence.
  • One benefit of the above systems is enabling a plurality of users to share the same frequency band by allocating different users different codes.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • a spread sequence is generally scrambled prior to transmission using a scrambling code (or sequence), for various reasons including in particular improved protection against interference, or to assure the confidentiality of the information transmitted.
  • the scrambling sequence can be a very long, typically pseudo-random sequence.
  • a sequence of this kind protects against interfering signals by rendering them random, at least over the duration of said scrambling sequence.
  • the scrambling sequence can also be a short sequence, typically of length L equal to the, length Q of the spreading code (or an integer multiple thereof), as shown in FIG. 2 , which uses the same type of representation as FIG. 1 , and in which d′′ 1 and d′′ 1 +1 designate two successive basic symbols (or “chips”) of the same spread and scrambled symbol of the incoming sequence.
  • d′′ 1 and d′′ 1 +1 designate two successive basic symbols (or “chips”) of the same spread and scrambled symbol of the incoming sequence.
  • Interference between users in the same cell can be reduced by using a decoding algorithm at the receiver enabling interfering signals to be identified as such and therefore rejected, in particular on the basis of the signals received and a knowledge of the codes of the various users.
  • decoding algorithms are so-called subtractive detection algorithms or joint-detection algorithms. If all the cyclostationary signals have the same short period, it is in particular possible to use algorithms exploiting their nature. Such algorithms are described, for example, in the article “Interference Rejection in Digital Wireless Communications”, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, May 1997, pp. 37-62.
  • allocating the user a plurality of codes of length Qm if the capacity of a single code of length Qm is exceeded is known per se.
  • a technique of the above kind has the particular disadvantage of leading to some complexity of implementation.
  • FIG. 3 summarizes the principle of a technique of this kind, and uses the same type of representation as FIGS.
  • the problem is that some algorithms, in particular decoding algorithms and especially the decoding algorithms referred to above, cannot, without modification, accept codes of different length for different users (whether at the same time or at different times).
  • the cycloatationary nature of the sum of all the signals may have completely disappeared, for example, or it may have become too large to be useful.
  • a particular aim of the present invention is to provide a solution to this problem, in particular avoiding the need to modify these algorithms to enable them to accept combinations of codes of different lengths.
  • the present invention therefore consists in a device enabling different spreading factors whilst preserving a common scrambling code, in particular for-transmission in a code division multiple access cellular mobile radio system, the device including, on transmission, scrambling means for applying a scrambling code of length Q MAX which is a multiple of said different spreading factors, to blocks of Q MAX basic symbols obtained by spreading by means of any of said spreading factors.
  • each of the spread and scrambled sequences obtained in this way has a cyclostationarity of period proportional to Q MAX , enabling efficient use of the interference rejection algorithms referred to hereinabove and consequently avoiding the disadvantages previously mentioned.
  • the present invention also consists in a device enabling different spreading factors whilst preserving a common scrambling code, in particular for transmission in a code division multiple access cellular mobile radio system, the device including, on reception, descrambling means for applying a scrambling code of length Q MAX which is a multiple of said different spreading factors , to blocks of Q MAX basic symbols obtained by spreading by means of any of said spreading factors.
  • the present invention also has for its object a mobile station (or mobile terminal), as well as an entity, in particular base transceiver station, for a mobile radiocommunication system, including a device of the above kind.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing spectrum spreading of an incoming sequence
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing spectrum spreading and scrambling of an incoming sequence
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing spectrum spreading in the case of a variable length spreading code
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an example of a transmitter for a code division multiple access cellular mobile radio system to which the present invention can be applied,
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an example of a receiver for a code division multiple access cellular mobile radio system to which the present invention can be applied,
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an example of a device in accordance with the invention used on transmission
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an example of a device in accordance with the invention used on reception
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a device in accordance with the invention.
  • the transmitter shown in FIG. 4 includes:
  • the receiver shown in FIG. 5 includes:
  • the device in accordance with the invention used on transmission, can be used in the spreading unit 2 and the scrambling unit 3 from FIG. 4 .
  • the device in accordance with the invention can be used in a base transceiver station for spreading incoming data sequences corresponding to different users served by the base transceiver station; it can also be used in a mobile terminal, by allocating different spreading codes to the user.
  • the device in accordance with the invention used on transmission shown in FIG. 6 includes:
  • the means such as the grouping units 311 to 31 K are controlled in accordance with the maximal length Q MAX and the corresponding code lengths Q 1 to Q k . If the length Q k of at least one of these codes is variable, in particular in accordance with the bit rate of the corresponding incoming sequence, these means enable the number Q MAX /Q k of symbols per block to be varied, for the corresponding sequence, so that the product of this number by the length of this code remains constant and equal to Q MAX .
  • the device in accordance with the invention is used in particular in the descrambling unit 8 and the despreading unit 9 from FIG. 5 .
  • the device in accordance with the invention can be used in a base transceiver station or in a mobile terminal to despread an incoming data sequence, not only by means of the spreading code allocated to a given user (or by means of one of the codes allocated to that user if they are allocated more than code), but also by means of the codes allocated to other users (and possibly other codes allocated to the user in question), in order to use a decoding algorithm such as those mentioned hereinabove.
  • the despreading device shown in FIG. 7 includes:
  • FIG. 8 The operation of a spreading or despreading device in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 8 , where S corresponds to a non-spread and non-scrambled sequence, S′ corresponds to a spread and non-scrambled sequence, and S′′ corresponds to a spread and scrambled sequence.
  • the figure shows, by way of example:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
US09/291,748 1998-08-12 1999-04-14 Device enabling different spreading factors while preserving a common rambling code, in particular for transmission in a code division multiple access cellular mobile radio system Expired - Lifetime US6868077B1 (en)

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FR9810345A FR2782428B1 (fr) 1998-08-12 1998-08-12 Dispositif permettant des facteurs d'etalement differents tout en preservant un code d'embrouillage commun, notamment pour systeme cellulaire de radiocommunications mobiles du type a acces multiple par repartition de codes

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US (1) US6868077B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0980159B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3210918B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100353780B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1317840C (zh)
AU (1) AU723704B2 (zh)
DE (1) DE69901762T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2175906T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2782428B1 (zh)

Cited By (4)

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US20050243753A1 (en) * 2002-11-13 2005-11-03 Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. Method of using long cellized codes in a joint detection system
US20060280228A1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2006-12-14 Norbert Daniele Data transmission using repeated sets of spreading sequences
US20080298335A1 (en) * 2004-07-22 2008-12-04 Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation Of Kyunghee University Multi-Carrier Cdma Transmitting Device and Method Using Block-Based Multi-Carrier Spreading
US9998379B2 (en) 2003-02-18 2018-06-12 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for controlling data rate of a reverse link in a communication system

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JP2002033716A (ja) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-31 Sony Corp Ｃｄｍａ拡散方法およびｃｄｍａ端末装置
KR100724929B1 (ko) * 2001-10-06 2007-06-04 삼성전자주식회사 부호분할다중접속 이동통신시스템에서 스크램블링 코드생성장치 및 방법
GB2382955B (en) * 2001-12-05 2004-03-03 Motorola Inc A code division multiple access (cdma) transmitter
US6741653B2 (en) 2002-07-01 2004-05-25 Interdigital Technology Corporation Data detection for codes with non-uniform spreading factors
US7155236B2 (en) 2003-02-18 2006-12-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Scheduled and autonomous transmission and acknowledgement
US8705588B2 (en) * 2003-03-06 2014-04-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods for using code space in spread-spectrum communications

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WO1995003652A1 (en) 1993-07-20 1995-02-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Walsh sequence generation for variable data rates
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US6504830B1 (en) * 1998-06-15 2003-01-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Publ Method, apparatus, and system for fast base synchronization and sector identification
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060280228A1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2006-12-14 Norbert Daniele Data transmission using repeated sets of spreading sequences
US7933311B2 (en) * 1999-07-30 2011-04-26 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Data transmission using repeated sets of spreading sequences
US20050243753A1 (en) * 2002-11-13 2005-11-03 Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. Method of using long cellized codes in a joint detection system
US7564891B2 (en) 2002-11-13 2009-07-21 Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. Method of using long cellized codes in a joint detection system
US9998379B2 (en) 2003-02-18 2018-06-12 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for controlling data rate of a reverse link in a communication system
US20080298335A1 (en) * 2004-07-22 2008-12-04 Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation Of Kyunghee University Multi-Carrier Cdma Transmitting Device and Method Using Block-Based Multi-Carrier Spreading
US8385296B2 (en) * 2004-07-22 2013-02-26 Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation Of Kyunghee University Multi-carrier CDMA transmitting device and method using block-based multi-carrier spreading

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EP0980159B1 (en) 2002-06-12
CN1317840C (zh) 2007-05-23
KR20000017241A (ko) 2000-03-25
JP3210918B2 (ja) 2001-09-25
AU723704B2 (en) 2000-09-07
KR100353780B1 (ko) 2002-09-26
JP2000188563A (ja) 2000-07-04
ES2175906T3 (es) 2002-11-16
FR2782428B1 (fr) 2000-09-15
DE69901762T2 (de) 2002-12-19
DE69901762D1 (de) 2002-07-18
EP0980159A1 (en) 2000-02-16
FR2782428A1 (fr) 2000-02-18
CN1255792A (zh) 2000-06-07
AU4446099A (en) 2000-03-09

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