US685666A - Manufacture of polychrome-ornamented glazed or similar ceramic ware. - Google Patents

Description

'menting material, which is either mixed with GEORG VON DEM I-lORNE, OF BORNHOFEN, GERMANY.

MANUFACTURE OF POLYCHROME-ORNAMENTED GLAZED 0R SIMILAR CERAMIC WARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 685,666, dated October 29, 1 901.

Application filed January 14, 1901.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnone VON DEM BORNE, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Bornhofen, near Berneuchen, in the German Empire, have invented new and usef ulImprovements in the Manufacture of Polychrome-Ornamented Glazed or Similar Oeramic Ware, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of polychrome-ornamented glazed or similar ceramic ware.

According to my invention the unburned or biscuit ware is in coating with glaze or the like and during the drying treated with a cethe glaze before application or sprayed or spread upon the glaze after it has been applied in the ordinary manner, in order that the said glazing or the like shall when drying be hardened to a solid body, as it is found that only such hardened but not loosely-adhering coatings are acted upon in the desired manner by the sand-blast. As the hardening materials I employ cementing materials in solutions and emulsions-as, for example, solutions of dextrin, gelatin, and glue in water; alcoholic solutions of shellac, lime, soap, &c.; also water glass; oxychlorids, which hardeninacement-like manner-as,for example,zinc oxychlorid; hydrosilicates-for example, the hydrosilicate of lime; combinations of silicofluoric acid-such, for example, as magnesia silicic fluorid, 850.

The operation may be carried out as follows: Assuming the first coating of glaze or the like has been applied with the hardening material and it is desired to apply a further coating, a thin sheet of paper is gummed to the surface-of the glaze. After it has dried a stencil of the design to be reproduced is applied to the paper, and the design is then cut by the action of the sand-blast. The stencil is then removed and the second coating of glaze applied, the said glaze only adhering to those parts where the first coating has been cut away by the sand-blast, the portions of the paper sheet which were left unafiected by the sand-blast being softened by the water contained in the second coating of glaze, so that they can be easily detached. This process may be repeated any desired number of Serial No. 43,262. (No specimens.)

times. Instead of gumming paper onto the hardened glaze or similar coating the latter can after the drying operation and before being subjected to the first sand-blast be provided with a complete or partial varnish, wax, or fatty layer which hardens well. This protective layer acts toward the parts not afiected bythe sand-blast in the same way as the paper layer-that is to say, both as a protection or resist when coating with a further colored or colorless hardening, glazing, or similar layer, as the parts covered with varnish, wax, or fat take the glazing solution no better than those covered with paper. Aftera second glazing or similar layer has been applied in this manner to certain parts of the article it can after hardening and drying be again subjected to the sand-blast and the process repeated with further layers, if desired. Furthermore, the whole article can before the glazing is hardened on be coated with a colorless glazing, in which case it is necessary, should the parts covered with paper or with varnish or fat still be required to take up glazing, to detach or burn off the paper or to remove the varnish or fat by heating or treating with solvents. After the articles have in this manner been provided with the de sired colored pattern the glazing is hardened on by burning.

As the ornamentation of the coatings is ef= fected before the operation of hardening on and the repeated-firing is avoided, the present process is a decided advance upon the process hitherto in vogue; but the present process also permits that very different colors, even in the case of complicated contours, can be applied with a sharpness of definition hitherto impossible-as, for example, in the case of the so-called Mettlacher plates=and it possesses in comparison with the ordinary process the very substantial advantage that the manufacture of the stencils is considerably simpler and cheaper. Furthermore, in

the case of complicated patterns it is possi-' ble to hand over designs to the oven a few hours after the work has been put in hand, andthe process enables changing taste to be followed and insures that designs shall be reproduced with a truth hitherto unattainable. The subsequent deadening of the burned surface in the well-known manner by the sand- 7 blast or by etching can be carried out, if desired.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that What I claim is 1. The herein described process for the manufacture of ceramic ware, which consists in applying to the unburned or biscuit ware, a coating of glaze treated with a hardening material, applying a protectingcoating to said glaze, removing portions of the glaze and applying a subsequent coating of glaze which Will be prevented from adhering to the portions of the first coating covered by the protecting-coating and hardening the coats of glaze by firing, substantially as described.

2. The herein described process for the manufacture of ceramic Ware, which consists in applying to the unburned or biscuit Ware, a coating of glaze treated with a hardening material, applying a protecting-coating to the glaze, removing portions of the protectingcoating and the glaze beneath the same, by means of the sand-blast, applying subsequent coatings of glaze to the portions of the article from which the glaze has been so removed, removing the remaining portions of the protecting-coating and hardening the coats of glaze by burning, substantially as described. 3. The process for manufacturing ceramic Ware which consists in coating the unburned or biscuit ware with a glaze, treated with a hardening material, applying a protectingcoating of paper to the coating of glaze, removing portions ot the protecting-coating and glaze and applyinga subsequent coating of glaze and hardening the coats of glaze by burning, substantially as described.

GEORG v. D. BORNE.

Witnesses:

O. WERNICKE, ZERLIO.