US683451A - Electromagnet. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDVARD B. ELLICOTT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE XVESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRO MAG NET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 683,451, dated October 1, 1901.

Application filed May 26, 1900.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD B. ELLicoTT,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and use-- ful Improvement in Electromagnets, (Case No. 11,) of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

lily invention relates to an electromagnet, and has for its object to provide an improved structure which will permit of the ready removal of the magnetizing coil or helix and the substitution of another in its place.

My invention is especially valuable as applied to relays, which are subject to frequent burn-outs-as, for instance, relays used in connection with a lire-alarm-telegraph system.

It is often thought wise to dispense with safety-fuses and such protecting devices in re-alarm-telegraph systems in order that the possibility of failure in the transmission of an alarm through the breaking down of a fuse or protector may be obviated. It is considered better policy to replace a burned-out relay-coil occasionally than to introduce such uncertain elements as safety-fuses into the system. For this reason the magnet-coils of relays used in these systems are frequently destroyed by heavy currents which are accidentally thrown on the line. l/Vhen the magnet-coils of relays in such systems are burned out, it is of course necessary that they be replaced immediately in order that the system may not be crippled for any appreciable length of time, and it has been my purpose to construct relays and other instruments in which electromagnets are employed with these requirements in View.

Briefly, myinvention consists in mounting the pole-pieces fixedly with relation to the other parts of the instrument upon the baseplate of the instrument and winding the magnetizing helix or coil upon a separate detachable core. Preferably the pole-pieces are made the terminals of the circuit in which the magnet is to be included, andthe two ends of the detachable core of the magnet are electrically and magnetically insulated 5o from one another and form the terminals of the helix. Thumb-screws may be provided Serial lo-18,078. (No model.)

in each pole-piece to fasten the core in place. The two ends of the core form the terminals of the magnet-coil, and the coil is thus connected in circuit by the very act of securing it in place upon the instrument without the necessity of changing any of the wiring or connections. The two ends of the core are preferably separated magnetically as well as electrically to lessen the inertia or reluctance 6o of the magnetic circuit of the instrument, so that it will respond more quickly to signals.

I will describe my invention more particularly by reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a polarized relay constructed in accordance therewith.

Figure 1 is a plan View of the relay, the magnetiZing-helix and core having been removed. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the instrument with the core and its helix in place, 7o and Fig. 3 is a similar view in vertical section.

The same parts are indicated by the same letters of reference wherever they are shown.

The polarized relay illustrated in the drawings is of a type adapted especially for use in electrical tire-alarmtelegraph systems and in duplex or quadruplex telegraphy. A centrally-pivoted armature a is mounted upon the metallic standard a', which is secured to 8o the insulated base b. The armature is adapted to vibrate in a horizontal plane, and two pole-pieces c c are mounted upon the plate af',with the armature between them. A, tongue or extension a2 is provided uponone end of 83 the armature, and contact-posts d3 d3 are mount-ed upon the base in position to be engaged by contact-points carried by the tongue as it swings to one side orthe other. The polepieces c c are formed with upwardly-projecting 9o portions c c', adapted to be united by the corepiece d, which carries the magnetizing coil or helix c. The core-piece d, while mechanicallya unitary structure, is made in two parts electrically and magnetically separated from 9 5 one another. The two parts of the core are joined together by a brass screw f, which engages with iber bushings screwed into each half of the core-piece, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3. The core d is secured in place beroo tween the two standards or pole-pieces c c by means of thumb-screws g g,pass1n g through Vss the upper portions of the pole-pieces and into the ends of the core, the ends of the core being bored and tapped to receive the screws.

Metallic end plates h h are mounted one on each end of the core CZ, and the vends of the magnetizing coil or helix e are connected, respectively, with these end plates. When the core is in position, therefore, the polepieces c c are thus electrically connected with the ends of the coil by way of the end plates h h, the two halves or ends of the core CZ, and the screws g g. These pole-pieces are insulated from the metallic standard a, which carries the relay-armature, and are wired, respectively, to the binding-posts k 7c, mounted upon the base-plate b of the instrument. These binding-posts thus form the terminals of the magnet-coil and may be connected in circuit accordingly.

The armature a is connected through its metallic standard cd with the two bindingposts Z Z, either of which may be used as the terminal of the armature. The contact-posts a3 CL3 are wired to the binding-posts Zl Z. The pair of binding-posts Z Z on either side of the instrument may form the terminals of a loy cal circuit to be controlled by the switch-cong pole-pieces to unite the same, means for de tacts of the relay.

The armature a in the relay shown is a permanent bar-n'lagnet,` the relay being thus l polarized. The contact-screws in the posts a3 a3 should be so adjusted that the armature i will not touch the ends of the pole-pieces c c to prevent short-circuiting the magnet-coil. 'lhe sides of the armature a or the ends of the pole-pieces may also be covered with insulating material for the same purpose.

Should the helix e become burned out by the passage of an excessive current, the thumb-screws may be loosened, the injured coil instantly removed, and a perfect onesubstituted in its place without loss of time and without the necessity of disturbing the wiring 'or connections of the instrument.

The two halves of the core-piece d are separated magnetically, as well as electrically, for the purpose of introducing a break into the magnetic circuit of the instrument to make the magnet respond more quickly-that is, to decrease the magnetic inertia ofthe instrument.

My invention will be found of great value in connection with any instruments whose coils it may be desired to change frequently.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, the following:

l. 'Ihe combination with xedly-mounted pole-pieces c c electrically separated from one another' and adapted to be connected in an electric circuit, of an armature for said pole-piece nounted within the magnetic field thereo a core-piece CZ anda magnetizing-helix carried upon said core, the ends of said core being electrically insulated from one another and connected, respectively,with the ends of the magnetizing-helix, and screws g g adapted to secure the core detachably to the pole-pieces, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination with the base-plate b, rof a pair of magnet pole-pieces c' c lxedly mounted thereon and electrically insulated from one another, said pole pieces being adapted to be connected in an electric circuit to form the terminals thereof, an armature for said pole-pieces, a magnet-core CZ adapted to unite said pole-pieces, means for detachably securing the core and pole-pieces together, whereby said core may be easily removed, and a helix e carried by said core, the ends of said helix being adapted to he brought in electrical connection with the pole-pieces c' c', respectively, when the core and helix are secured in position, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a pair of polepieces c' c' electrically separated from one another, and adapted to be connected in an electric circuit to form terminals therefor, a corepiece CZ formed in two parts or sections joined end to end and separated magnetically and electrically from one another, said core being adapted to be placed between said pair of tachably securing the core in place between said pole-pieces, and a magnetizing coil or helix surrounding said core and carried thereby, the ends of said helix being electrically connected, respectively, with the two parts or sections of the core, as set forth.

4. An electromagnet comprising a helix e and a core CZ, about which said helix is wound, said core being formed in two parts or sections joined end to end and separated magnetically and electrically from one another, the two parts or sections of said core being electrically connected, respectively, with the ends of the magnet-winding or helix, as set forth.

5. An electromagnet comprising a helix e and a core d, about which said helix is wound, said core being formed in vtwo sections joined end to end, but insulated electrically from each other, and end plates h h mounted upon the ends of said core and electrically connected, respectively, with the terminals 'of the helix, the ends of the core being bored and tapped, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. An electromagnet comprising a helix e, and a core d upon which said helix is wound, said core being formed in sections joined end to end and insulated electrically from one another, the sections of said core being connected, respectively, with the ends of the magnetwinding or helix, as set forth.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 24th day of April, A. D. 1900.

EDWVARD B. ELLICOTT.

Witnesses: j

JOHN B. PORTER, A. M. KINZIE. y f/ IOO IIO

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