US683406A

US683406A - Discoidal engine.

Info

Publication number: US683406A
Application number: US4630701A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frederick W Jaeger
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-02-07
Filing date: 1901-02-07
Publication date: 1901-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 1918-09-24

Description

No. 683,406. Patented sept. 24, 19m.

F. W.JAEGER.

DISCOIDAL ENGINE.

(Applicatan led Fb. 7, 1901.)

lgJ. .5 2 z5 ,gif/RS4 A WITNESSES: L ww ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

FREDERICK W. JAEGER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DlSCOlDAL ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 683,406, dated September 24, 1901. Appiicaaon flied February 7, 1901.. serai No. 46.307. (No mais.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. J AEGEE, a citizen of theUnited States of America,resid ing at the borough of Manhattan, New York,

in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Discoidal Engines, of which the following is a specioation.

My invention has reference to improvements in disk engines-such, for instance, as that known as the Bishop engine and described by Rankine in The Steam Engine and Other Prime llfoners, 1859, and used with success to drive screw-propellers- My invention also has reference to a simpler form of suspending a piston in volumes of active fluid than those shown in my prior Letters Patent, No. 659,675, dated October 16, 1900.

The object of my invention is to provide a motor having all the effective features of a high-speed reciprocating crank-engine without containing the bad features thereof, it being practically an engine taking a medium position between the old-style reciprocating engines and the steam-turbines.

To this end :my invention consists, essentially, in an engine, pump, or like apparatus comprising a casing, j a shaft extending through said casing and rotatably mounted, a piston pivotally connected to oscillate about an axis at an angle tothe shaft, and abutments on the sides of said piston engaged thereby, the adjacent or contact-ing surfaces of the piston andabutments being formed to run together and-,relatively forming, by means of projectingV constituent noses, a plurality of pockets onthe sidesof `the piston, gradually increasing and decreasing in volume on the same side of the piston during the cycle. j

The nature of my invention will best be understood when described in connection with4 the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a motor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view, but showing the piston turned through an angle of about forty-five degrees from the position shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a' sectional bottom view of Fig. 1. Fig. t is a sectional bottom view of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an elevation showing the parts in the same position as Fig. 1 and part of one of the abut- `said piston, the ball, and the shaft.

ments being broken away. Fig. 6 is an elevation showing the parts in the same position as in Fig. 4 and part of one of the abutments being broken away. Fig. 7 is a face view of the rotary oscillating piston. Fig. 8 is a face view of one of the valves. Fig. 9 is a side view of the same. Fig. 10 is an cnd view of the engine,partly in section.

Similar letters and numerals of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several viewsof the drawings.

Referring to Vthe drawings, the letter A designates a shaft mounted to rotate in suitable bearings l 1, formed in a casing B, which is substantially in the form of a hollow sphere made in two parts flanged and bolted together in the` usual manner. Upon the shaft A is mounted centrally with respect to the casing B a piston C, and within said piston are also located stationary abutments D and E, with which said piston is adapted to engage laterally. The piston C has a bearing upon a ball 2, which may be attached either to the shaft or form part of the same, and said piston is held to the shaft and to the ball by means of a pin 3, passing diametrically throulgh T is pin forms an axis about which the piston C can turn laterallye-that is to say, it can oscillate while rotating. The pin 3 virtually forms a diameter of the casing B, and consequently the piston oscillates about an axis at right angles to the axis of the shaft. The abutments D and E are in the present instance each formed of :a spherical sector fitting the casing B with its arched surface and terminating inwardly in a frustum of a cone. The planes ofthe bases and tops of the frustums of the abutments are parallel and form an angle with the axis of the shaftthat is to say, they extend obliquely to the shaft. The piston C is in the present example made discoidal in form and has its opposite faces inclined from two sides at an angle corresponding to that of the bases of the frustums, so that the adjacent or meeting surfaces come into close or smooth con-` IOO each other. The abutmentsD and E, as will be seen from Fig..1, are eccentrically mounted with :respect to the shaft, the relative eccentricityin the present example being one hu ndred and eighty degrees.

In consequence of the above-described construction of the piston and abutments there will be formed between the piston and the abutments when the piston is in the position shown in Figs. l and 2 two pockets 4 and 5, which are diametrically opposite to each other on opposite sides of the piston; but as soon as the piston is slightly turned two additional pockets are formed-that is, there will now be two pockets on each side of the piston, of lwhich two are continually increasing in volume and two decreasing in volumeduring the further rotation of the piston. It is evident that if actuating Huid be introduced into the two newly-forming pockets on opposite sides of the piston a rotation of the latter will be induced, together with an oscillation of the same about the pin or axis 3. The exhaust fluid is expelled from the graduallydecreasing pockets.

For the purpose of introducing actuating Huid-for instance, stean1-into the pockets I make use of

valves

6 and 7, located 'adjacent to the abutments D and E and mounted on the shaft A to rotate with the same. y In tliepresent example I have shown disk valves each having, as best seen in Figs. S and 9, t.woind\1ctio11-ports 8 and 9 and two exhaustports 10 and 1l, the exhaustports being formed on the periphery of the disks and the induction-ports in the body thereof. The 'actuating fluid is conducted to the valves through the pipes l2 and 13, communicating with the induction -ports 8 and 9, and the fluid passes from thence through channels 14 and l5, respectively, to the forming pockets. The channels 14; and l5V are formed in, the abutments D and E and are branched, 'as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, and their intersection is controlled by a plug 19 for each abutment, so that the engine can be reversed by turning the plug so as to direct the incoming-fluid through one channel or the other. When the plug is reversed or turned, the former iuidchannel is closed off. The main exhaust from the decreasing pockets takes place through the `exhaust-pipes 2O and 21, which enter the casing B in position to communicate with said pockets. Of course but one set of exhausts-that is, one on each side ofthe piston-would be sufficient for a non-reversible engine. The exhaust-ports l0 and l1 in the valves 6 and are connected by passa-ges formed in the abutments with the pockets and serve for the discharge of the small quan- 1 ti'ty of uid which may be confined between the piston and abutments j ust before the final disappearance of the decreasing pockets.l

The passages in the abutments I have designated by the numerals 22 and 23.

It will be readily understood frornjthe foregoing that the piston is caused to assume a rotary oscillatory movement between the two ahutinents D and E and that, in View of the distribution of one pocket for live fluid and one pocket for exhaust fluid on each side of the piston, the piston is practically balanced and there is little or no friction between the contacting parts. Only such provision need therefore be made as will keep the parts tight.

The periphery of the piston is preferably arched to correspond to the arc of the casing and is provided with a packing-such, for instance, as a packing-ring ordinarily employed for pistons-and the noses of the piston may also be provided with a suitable packing.

While I have herein shown projecting noses, it is evident that yielding noses, such as shown in my prior patent and applications, could be employed. The valve-gear shown, of course, could be replaced by any other well-known form of gear.

It is obvious that. the abutment-heads could be arranged to give way-that is to say, to move outwardly-for the purpose of permittingV the .passage of the noses on the piston while theY latter rotates without oscillation. This oo nstru etion would still involve the principle of the suspension of the piston and the oscillatory movement herein described.

The rotary oscillatory movement of the piston might be called cycloid'ah inasmuch as the piston 'rolls over a longer surface than its developed circumference, or the movement might also be called one of nutation.

A s the curved surfaces of the piston vand abutment's are always tangential to each other and time is given in changing from one angle to another by the forms of the lines embodied in the construction of the piston and abutme'uts, there will be no bad o'r detrimental change of direction'.

It is of course to be understood that the abutments could be made to rotate While the piston remains stationary and that the bases of the frustums of the cones of the abutments need not necessarily be parallel, and, furthermore, that'agreater or iessnumber of projecting noses could be employed on the piston. ,Y

What I claim as new isf#- l. In an apparatus lof the character specified, the combination of a casing, a shaft 'extending through said casing and rotatably mounted, a piston pivotally connected to osc'illate about an axis at an angle to the shaft, and abutmen'ts on the sides of said piston engaged thereby; the adjacent or contacting surfaces of the piston and abutments being formed to run together and relatively forming by means of projecting constituent noses a plurality of pockets on the sides of the piston gradually increasing 'and decreasing in volume. on the same side of the piston during the cycle. e

2. In 'an apparatus of thecharacter specined, the combination `of a casing, a shaft vextendingthroughv said casing and rotatably mounted, a piston pivotally connected. to os- IOO IIO

cillate about an axis at an angle to the shaft, and abutments on the sides of said piston engaged thereby; the surfaces of the piston adjacent to the abutments having projecting constituent noses contacting with the abutments and forming a plurality of pockets on the sides of lthe piston gradually increasing and decreasing in volulne on the same side of the piston during the cycle.

3. In an apparatus of the character specified, the combination of a casing, a shaft eX- tending through said casing and rotatably mounted, a piston pivotally connected to oscillate about an aXis at an angle to the shaft, abutments on the sides of said piston engaged thereby; the adjacent or contacting surfaces of the piston and abutments being formed to run together and relatively forming by means of projecting constituent noses a plurality of pockets on each side of the piston gradually increasing and decreasing in volume on the same side of the piston during the cycle, and means for reversing the direction of motion of the piston.

4. In an apparatus of the character speci- Iied, the combination of a casing, a shaft eX- tending through said casing and rotatably mounted, a piston pivctally connected to oscillate about an axis at an angle to the shaft, abutments on the sides of said piston engaged thereby; the adjacent or Contactin g surfaces of the piston and abutments being formed to run together and relatively forming by means of projecting constituent noses a plurality of pockets on each side of the piston gradually increasing and decreasing in volume on the same side of the piston during the cycle, and means for supplying and exhausting fluid from the pockets.

5. In an apparatus of the character specitied, the combination of a casing, a shaft eX- tending through said casing and rotatably mounted, a discoidal piston having an arched periphery engaging With a corresponding internal arched surface of the casing and pivotally connected to oscillate about an axis at an angle to the shaft, and abutments on the sides of said piston engaged thereby; the adjacent or contacting surfaces of the piston and abutments being formed to run together and relatively forming by means of projecting constituent noses a plurality of pockets on the sides of the piston gradually increasing and decreasing in volume on the same side of the piston during the cycle.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRED. W. JAEGER. Witnesses:

EUGENIE P. HENDRIcKsoN, FRED HACHENBERG.