US673274A - Electric-circuit controller. - Google Patents

Description

memo? Am. 30, mm.

H. W.. LEQNARD.

ELEETFHE CIIBCWT CQNTEWLLEH.

(Application filed Mar. 27, 1899.)

(No Model.)

WITNESSES:

Pamnied Apr. 3U, 5W3. H. W. LEMAHBE.

(Application filed Mm. 137, 11399.)

sham-sham (ll 0 Model.)

No. 673,274. Patenied Apr. 3%, 59m.

H. W. LEONARD I ELEGTME MRBUW CONTROLLER.

(Application filed Km: 27, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shae? Ian v 'ZZ whom in Netty corecewa;

it norm tn F Lib-rem Ween enew"), r of the United Ste-tee, re cine-in the borough of Menim ten, city of New York in eonnty and S te of New York have inven'tefl c riein new useful. improvements s-Qieerm. Uentrollere of vinien the e eeificetion.

nvention to of switches p 1 eti es in current to r L rievioee in we circuit eonlroiled. or operated ve devicee.

ct weliei or 118 v.1?

qec'treresponewe cranial increases;

"IO- erlo e;

31-1 M montreres nonrl o r lever er line 362; @roller is n More cos-1t rocking Li ere-"fer l 'ztroiler an neene form. I b inciting device to releaee we ewi'rcn or controller and also meene for facilitating or in-- wring the operation of both the overloe, id under-ml ewilcli levers or v 3 elect-roresponeive devices, in carrying my invention in ploy rwo independently-inovztble ow ver:-;-one rlesi nerl to open or close, regi or otherwise 1 feet or alter the circuit n '3 the occurrence of 2H.) underloznl-enrr tin-:- other forsimilerly or lliliierently tifeam the circuit, imfiirnlependently of the for er g een, n. r.

view No. SYS,274, dated April 30, 19Q1.

. 9B. Serinlllo. 710,726. illomorlel.)

the occurrence of en overload-current. The former is preferably held in its' normal poei'tion by any suitable form of electroreeponeive device, a magnet being preferred, the awn ore for which is carried by the ewitclrlever. T is lever may, however, be held meciienieelly-by a latch, for instancethe latch released through the agency of magnet 01' solenoid. The second sWitoh-lever is held in its normal position bya. meelienicel latch, the release being effected through the regency of e magnet or solenoid. The reienee or disengagement of the mechanic? latch for the overload-switch lever and for the nnderload-ewiteh lever when one is employer; is preferably effected. by a, haminer-lilre blow produced by the action of the eleotroreeponeive novices upon their armaln the preferred form ofi Such devices employ solenoids whose cores move verti- .y end which when actuated by the current 101 wrsing hammer-like blow to start teen; tron: the epringelips wnen the electro- 'eeponeive rievices respond to ebnormel conuitionein tliecircnit. The overload-switch is .r refembly provided with an auxiliary break, of carbon or other material, upon which the is eroiren. i also employ other features 0 conetrnetien, which will be more fully hereinafter referrecl to in connection WlLll the aceosnpenk ing drawings.

in the foregoing statement I have referred combined under-iced endoverload switch controller; but it will be understood thet t several features of my invention are not liznite to their combined-uee-that is to my, the devices responding to overload-currents may be separately employed in aswitch or controller responding" only to overload-cur rents, and the devices responding to under load-currents may be likewise seperntely employed in it switch or continue responding only to nnxlerloetl-currentseud all features of my invention are equally applicable to simcrating electric motors.

The electroresponsive devices may be connectetl. in the circuitin any suitable Way.

They may be connected in series or other i pivot-oil thereon the armature 6.

Wise and arranged in the path of the entire current flowing to the translating; device or arranged to be effected by only port of such current, or either or both devices might be in a different circuit from that in which the translating device is connected. When the apparatus isem ployed in the circuit of e inotor, li connect the underload responsive olevice in mostinstzincesin series with the client field-Winding of the motor the overlooii responsive device in series with the motorarmature.

in theecoompanying drawings, whie irate my invention, Figure l is e view showing EL simple form oi controller or circuit-breaker; Fig. 2, e View of the some form controller applied to o rheostet; Fig. 3, 22. pl view oi a modified form of controller epplieo to e Pheoetet designed for controlling lerge currents. 4-, 5, and. 6 iilnstrete means for importing a hammer-like blow to the nnilerloeil-switch lover of the controller shown in 3; Fig. 7, a, vieiv like 5 and i, bntehow'ing the means to:- importing a hammer-like blow applied to the overloed= S, e view chewing the rhe switch lever; Fig. octet of Fig. 3 provided with means on both e :ritcli-levers for imparting e hammer-like blow; and Fig". 9,21 modification showingsolenoids es the over and under. load electroreeponeive devices, both switch-levers being; held in the nonnel position inecheoicell".

Referring to the drawings, eizdperticnlerly to 1, which chews the s5 ngole form oi circuit-breaker, l-end represent, respectively, toe independently--movable onderloetl and overload ow" ch levers, These let-ere ere pivoterl it common stud having a spring 7 coiled around and whose enrle are inserted in costs carried by t-he'lever. This spring is always nncler tenoio'n one"; tends to movethe lovers to the clotted-line positions 1 and 2 when released. To reduce the effect of the lolow of the lovers when released and to limit their movements, lprovide a rubber or coring .lonffer 29, which in the form of controller shown in Fig. 1 is preferahlycerried byswitchlever 10. The nnolerloed-switch lever is provided with an operating-handle 5 line This evinctnre in the normal operative position is held by the nndierloocl-releeee magnet 13, provided with poleepiecee 12. The overload-switch lever 10 is provided with a pin i l, which is engaged by latch 11, pivoted upon the baseplete 26 at 15. This latch is provided with a finger projecting over a head 16, of insulating materiel, carried by a shenlc 19, which works through c non-magnetic sleeve 18, ted Within iron casing and solenoid. 2i. The inner end ofehnnk 19 has a smell heed to prevent displacement and against which the core 24- st-rilzes when drown newer-kl or inward by the action of the colenokl. The core 2 1- rests, normz-illy, upon the upper end of ccrew 28, which WOI'l'ZS through the bottom of frame 25, secured to the casing 20. Screw 28 is locked in adjusted position by 2L jam.- 11111127. The head on core 24: is beveled to form a pointer or index, and the frame is provided; with griirluntions, no shown, to in (iioctc the emperor; for which the ovorloml-release may he set; The core ee shown is l:;(ljueteil for forty ninperee, anti when the cur-- rent passing through ooi s 21 exceeds that emonni the core will be actuated, and the rapid. movement of the core will give n limit seer-like olow to the rod 19 and trip the latch 11. The auxiliary lireelc for bolting the ltlO away from the overload-switch is shor This is shown no it hloci; of carbon by L o 17, secured to a post 17. The zt iii-er creek preferably made of corho when the controller is intended for cirr having eniell curl-en to end. high electronic forces; out when the controller in into circuits having large rrentsztn lo tro'mctive forces, and lenoe' loo res to consi-iler, the cerhon has so much resist; mice that it does not take all the are t'rvty from the civitch-contecto, end therefore I ore for in such instances to employ copper or other materi f lower resistance than can-hon ""r The circuit connections of the coifirol" o'i' i tlB from binding-post 22, through col s; 21 .lce overioiulrelecse solenoid, to contact-plaice 9 through spring 1? to carbon block 8, lirongli levers ,0 and ito contnct plete 8 mi from contact-pleie 53, three coils 13 of he under-l e lroleeee magnet, to bindingpost 23.

normal operative position the controller of. i 1. is Shown in lluil-S.

overlo ii-ourrent occurs, the rel-cl lo o switch-1e or 10 is effected, esztilove tiescrio (i, and Knievel; said lever to the dc linepoeition 2,tl1nso the cirouitz'atcon- 9 end denergizing lO jll electroreo' sive devices, whereupon lever 4.- nice unlocked. The tendency of leveri; is to move toward each other under ti i i'lnence oi spring, 7 when released; hot it will be seen that when lever 10 is released it moves, a short distance before the-circuit is broken. and hence that lever is in foil Il'lOVGlll-Gilil fore ewitcnlever e; is released upon the nooning the circuit at contact 9. Therefore ver 10 will reach the dotted-lineposition 2 war be there arrested lay buffer 29 striking lever i before that lever begins to move, or should lever lhegin to move before lever 10 re: position the greater momentum of lever 10 will cl rive lever poo ion cock to its norr when the buffer strikes it. i normal position, lei/or w llEUVittl to the left totiie clottodline posiiio and that lever; th ongl'i buffer moves lever 10 before fails entirelf or decreases abnormally it from position 2 to the normal position contact with plate 9, when lever 10 will be locked in position by latch 11. Switch-lever 4 is then returned to its normal position, closing the circuit through both electroresponsive devices, and lover 4 will now be held in position by magnet 13. When an underlomi occurs, magnet 13 releases switch-lever at and spring 7 moves the lever to position i, the movement being arrested by buffer 29, and lever 10 remaining locked in position To close the circuit again, it is now only necessary to return lever 4 to its norrh'al position, where, the current is normal, it will be held again by magnet 13. 1f while the controller is being operated to close the circuit the current should exceed the amount for which the controller is set,- the overload-switch will be released and moved away from contact 9 the instant the circuit is closed by switch 4 at contact-plate 3. If for any reason the current while the controller is being operated to close the circuit, magnet 13 will not hold switch in its closed position against the tension of spring 7 when the operator removes his hand from the operating-handle. Thus it will be seen that by employing two independently-movable switch-levers controlled by separate electroresponsive devices the circuit cannot be maintsined'hn instant unless it is in its normal condition. It will also be seen that the arrangement which necessitates the closure of the overload-switch by inesnsof the underlosd-switch, so that the former can onlg, be closed while the letter is open, prevents all injury to the translating devices in the cir cuit should an overload-current occur while the controller is being operated-that is to say, by placing the operating-handle upon or interlocking'it with the underload-switeii leven.the-overload-switch lever is always free to respond instantly to an overload-current. Such would not be the case if the overloadewitch were closed by hand after the underlondewitch is closed, because in theft case should an overload occur While the controller is being operated the damage which an oven load-current would cause wouldactually be (lone before the operator could remove his hand fromthe operating-handle. Of course will he understoc that the switchevers could be made to cl $38 separately and hide peud-ently instead of closing the overload first by means of the underload-switch or operating lever and. still accomplish my result if some means were provided whereby the under-loadswitch could not be closed until the overload" switch is closed, and such an arrangement wouldbe within the scope of my invention.' it will also be understood that the controller can be euiployed to close a circuit instead of opeuing a circuit, as describedl in Fig. 2.1 have shown the some form of controller applied to e motor-sterling rheoetst and a diagram of the connections with the motor-land main circuit. The contactspriug-elip contents of sim ple contest electrorespo sud resisi ce are shown 3 3i respecriv ly. it will be understood, nowever, tliztt the resistance will be carried the under side of base-plate 26 end euitsb protected, or it may he laced Within a men box and suitably insulated, as shown in 1 Potent No, 551 ,703 ued September 190i). this illustrstlon, A is double-pole switch B the shunt field-Winding of the inetonend l3 mm. c.

The rheosr-et of Ti 3 is practically some as that of :5; but being 171169." for hes-Viol currents it isdesireble to prox l plates for the switches to insure-good cont? eud prevent hes-ting. 'lheveshown seer-ii. clip contact 32 lever 42 and at 33 for lever 10. Lover 10 in this form is made longer and p'vote tl in the; tile. One citrr' the n for engaging latch, the o no oi break, The auxiliary :breelt in this form c: prises two members-Que clock of d gcsrried h; e, spring-socket 35 on lever sod other useni'eer stationery cor 3-31 2? carbon contents 36 37 respectivel in breaking; the siren with this switch current pessesfi st l: rough r i 5 per and then carbon n-d cur-iron.

rialsemployeii, h er, will depend r the character of on above pleineli 29 i r lever 10 buffer for lover 4 mounted upon the u :0

side oi that lover s on lever 10.

Thed aces fo importi g heir blows to tlehniie-u to the sis/ties- Y epri v-e devices respo anal conditions in circuit shown Fig to 8, inclue e.

4-, 5, and t l have of devices for importing; ihe ll&ll2llfl6ll3llu the uuderioed-switch lever. in: e, pivoted l-Ojeuviug oslot is a pin 42 on switch-love- .lmudle 5 2:1? l on this it will be seen that mien 40 moved to the right switch 1- ti; Hi1 4:2 will he carried along with it a norrnul position the parts will star: i sin i l hen :trin 4-0 is released by magnet 13, iliery spring 43 will inrow arm 4A) buck causing it to strike i 42. The blow starts swim-n4 from clips 32, mid. spring 7 will then throw the lever to the open-circuit pos'iiiou. ln Fig. 511ml i0 is pivoted upon switch-lever 4. The operitling-lmnri-le 5 is mounted u poo 1 u erosspiece on ;!.llll 40, and which cross-piece is provided wiih fingers andllhprojecl' downwardly on opposite sides of the or; lever. Armature o is else pivoted upon cross-piece. in this form when mmature i3 is released auxiliary spring l3 swings min $0 on pivot, causing; linger 4-6 to s'trilce the switch-lever, giving it nhlow suilicient to :2; mt it from llie clip. The weight of monitors 6 4 "i w s 1 o statues against pie LIL in this form increases the effect of the blow. The form shown in Fig. 6 is like that of Fig. 5, except that arm 40 is pivoted upon the some stud as the switch-levers, spring 7 being secured to lever 10 and arm l0 and serving to operate the three levers, as will be evi dent.

.. in Fig. 7 Iheve shown the hammer-blow this form engages pin 14- on arm 49 end holds lever 10 in the normal position through the engagement of pin 47 with arm When arm 49 o. by the action of overload ll swing arm 19 and cause .le blow starting lever 10 from spring-clip 33, then spring 7 forces both arm a lever 10 together toward lever The movement is arrested by the pro jection on the right-hand side lever 10 otrll bu ffer 29,225 in the construction shown ver s moved to the left, the engagement of buff-er 29 on i" under ide of lever with arm moving t 1e letter toward the until .17 reaches the end of slot 4l8,wl1enlever id will be carried along and forced into epring-ciip in Fig 8 hove shown the hammer-blow device of It 5 applied to both switch-levers. Latch ill with pin 14, which this form mounted on the cross-piece of arm 40. The buffers for erresting the switch-levers are in 3. Fig. 9 l have shown both switch-lever held mechanically latches. 1" his is illustrated only in connection with the simple form of controller shown in 1; but will be that this arrangement is appiiceble to all the forms shown. The overioad-releese is exactly the same in 1.

The unnoticed-switch isli ld by the same form of latch, but the release is effected by the Weight of core fid felliug upon the end of arm 51 of the latch. Core 50 is normally held within solenoid 52, and when the current fails or decreases abnormally the core Will fall upon erm The position of core 50 Within the solenoid is determined by a screw 53, made of non-magnetic material, and by this means the current at which the core or plunger will fall can be predetermined by va-- ryiug its position in the field of the coil.

The features of my controller have been described sud illustrated only in connection "with singlepole controllers; but it is obvious thst such features may be applied to doublepole switches bv simply providing the necessergv number or contacts and properly insuaud perr To close the overlocdswitch, le-- crest/e tering' the form of the switch-levers, and it is evident that such a modification is Within the scope of my invention. it will also be evident that by the application of \volldruown methods and means my improved controller may be employed on circuits of alternating currents. g

While the various switches are shown with the arms moving in a plane parallel. to the base-plate 26, it will be understood that in many cases itlnay be desirable to have the switch-levers so mounted as to move or right anglesto the plane of the base-plate.

I do not claim herein the specific featsres shown in Figs. 3 t0 8, inclusive, nor the spe cific means for imparting blows to s witches end 10, nor the combination of means for imparting blows to independently movable switches responding to overloads and underloads, nor do I claim herein the circuit connections for a motor-starting rheostet, as

en electrorespousive device for controlling one of said levers and responding to failure or abnormal decrease of current to release said lever, means for moving said lever when released to effect the circuit, an electrore'--. sponsive device for controlling the other lover and responding to abnormal increases of current to release said second lever, and means for movingseld lever when released to effect the circuit.

2. in e circuit-controller, the combinat o of two independently-moveble switclr an electrorespousive device for contro L one of sold levers and responding to or abnormal decrease of current to role:

lever, means for moving lever v. released to effect the circuit, electrores sive device rcoutrollin the other lever and responding abnormal increases of corrent to release second lever, means for moving said lever when released to affect the circuit, and means for adjusting the lastham. electroresponsive device for dillt'erent rents.

In a circuit-controller, the combiustio of two independeutlvmovablo switch-love on electrorespon'sive device for control wone of said levers and responding to or abnormal decrease of current to release said lever, means for moving said lever when released to efifec't the circuit, a mechanical latch for holding the other lever in its normal I oo position, on electrorespousi ve device responding to abnormal increases of current to release said lever, and means for moving said lever when so released to effect the circuit.

4-. in a circuit-cont roller, the combination of two independently-movable switch-levers, an eleotroresponsive device for controllir one of said levers and responding to fa or sbnormel decrease of current to release said lever, means for moving" said lever when released lo .ti l tlll the i-ircnit, :2. meeimui latch "for holrling, ilie other lever in its normal position, en electroresponsive device ing to abnormal increases current to lin art a blow to said latch to reieaee eeirl lever, (3 means for moving said lever when so ieleiieell to affect the circuit.

5. In a ciwait-controller, ihe combination of two independntly-movable ewitclrlevere an electroresponsive device for eontrclli one of said levers and responding to iziilm or abnormal decrease of curre t1 said lever, means for moving se' released toalfect the circuit, an elec roreeponsive device for controlling the other lever and responding. to abnormal iIKZlGdSGE-l of current to release said second lever, means in: moving said lever when so released to effect the circuit, and an auxiliary break iniilti' ..e with said second switch-lever.

6. 1m cimint-controller, iliecoin'oi iii; of two movable switch members for ling the same circiiit, and two electroreeponsive devices for controlling eii'ii-cli mean- '--:bers, each switch member and its eleciroreeponsii'e device operating entcnmticeilly eml independently of the other to affect the amine circuit, one when excessive current flows end.

the other upon failure or ebnorinail decrenee of current. I

v 7. In a circuit-controller, the. combination of two levers pivot-ally connected, at constantly tendingto move said levers, a latch Tor holding one of said levers in lie normr position, an electroreeponsive device for re leasing said levexgend the other lever of an underloml-switch held in its normal position by :1, meg net acting against a spring,

' 'of an overkmd-switoh, a. latch for holding" said.

an overloml-switah held in its normal position lay a latch against springepressnre, electr0 magnel ic meane acting upon overloati-cnrrent U) disengage snicl latch, and an auxiliary break fol-the oierload-svvitcli.

10. In a circuit-controller, the emnhinziiion switch, a solenoid-magnet in the main current havinga movingcore for relensingsliid switch, aml an underloiui-swiich functionally connected with the overloaddever and normally held nguinste spring by a. second magnet.

' 11. In a circuit-controller,the combination of two movable Switch members for controlling the some circuit, said members being adapted to be held in a normal operative position and operating respectively to effect the circuit upon the occurrence ef overload lever when ti v p v a 1d. ill z-i mocha-wile eeicl l fer cn lhe lHIL LQs 1e l 17. in circnitcenlireiler, she ecznhin of it switch-lever, e nit-ch ior hoillinz ver in its 'lliliiilltl "ion, :1. eelresponding abnormal rem-i suit, a men -ile in e: illl err blow in e 1" mm. eel er imectecl o-e moved.

4, me other into its 21 Final gosi'a holding in ie formei in its normal position, on elecivroi'eeiiiocoive device responclin to abl normal conditions in thecircuio' for imparta. blow to said latch co disengegellie same 'fmm said evi'itcii memoer, and means for'oow said membec wlzeq so i-eieaoeclto affect ciio'oii. 19 lo a circuit-controller, the comb/in eisiou ionm'y switch members, of five movoole switch member electrically connected in seriee and one being adapted to'bc moved lw'i'lle oiliei' lilijfl its l'lOllTlrLi position a latch i ng' liilG former in its normal position, a elecfii'oresponsive (le /ice responding to abnormal inczeesee in current for imparting i blew lo said latch to tlisenmig'e me some 1mm eaidswiich memhely'and meansfor movi-w scirl member when so released. to affecl; ll ciz'ciiii.

la a; lilfii)? iii, the combination with the resismn co and ccnt-actmof 2i i'esistance-s Witch, an olecircyesponriive device responding to li)"'1lilbl(EOZHlillOZlSfOPCOilM'Olllilg the move mid switch in one direction, a secewircli, means over and linden-load OQGRELLlllg under abnormbi condi'iiom in the G lIGllll? for automatically controlling the opemlion of seial second Sv itch tozz'ffeot the oiicuia, will second switch being-arranged to be moved to its normal position the resistance-switch before the latter assumes its own normal position.

automatic circuit-breaker, iclle combination ofen overloeclswitch, means for normally hoklingsoid switch in its closed po sibion against pressure tending to open uhe same, an electrol'eoponsive device for controlling" said switch, said device responding to abnormal increases in the circuit, an unllerloedswitcli, meens; controlled by on elecliroleeponsive device for max mally holding eeimvitch in its closed position against-wee sure sending to open it, said lest-named eleol'roreepo'neix 'e device respomiing $0 abnormal decreases in the eiz-cuiiymul electrical connections for the circuit-breaker w iereby said switches aml Sllltl electroresponeive devices @ill be electrically couneoted in series.

specil'loelion signed and wiimcoseai. this 20th my of Mel'cll, 1899.

R- EY W-[lllU LEO' TARD.

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