USRE12473E - Electric-circuit controller - Google Patents

Description

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REISS'LTED APR. 24,1906. 7 H; w. LEONARD. ELECTRIC CIRCUIT CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, 1905.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1 INVENTCR 4 WM QAMM BY KW WK ATTOR [Y5 SW TNESSES:

REISSUED APR. 24, 1906.

H. W. LEONARD.

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT CONTROLLER.

APPLIOATIDN FILED JULY 13, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR H WWW K 1 KW ATTORNEYS of an overload-current.

UNITED srApns PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY WARD LEONARD, OF BRONXVILLE, NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC-CIRCUIT CONTROLLER.

Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Beissued April 24, 1906 To all wltom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY WARD LEON- ARD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Bronxville, in the county of Westchester, State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electric- Circuit Controllers, of which the following is a description.

My invention relates to the class of switches or rheostats provided with means for automatically o ening or closing, regulating, 'or

' otherwise a ectingxor changing the condition of a circuit upon t e occurrence of an abnormal increase 1n current or failure of supply to prevent injury to the translating devices in the circuit, said means being controlled in their automatic operation by electroresponsiv e devices.

The object of my invention is mainly to provide a circuit-controller of the character referred to with an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal increases in current, hereinafter referred to as overload currents, which will be safe and effective at all times-that is, both while the controller is being operated by hand .to adjust it to the normal osition and after adjustmentthe overloa switch or controller operated or controlled by said electroresponsive device being operative to respond to an overloadcurrent even while the switch-o crating lever of the controller is being move by the operator.

A further object is to provide an overload electroresponsive device which may be adjusted to operate Whenever the current reaches or exceeds a predetermined amper-- age and which will become more positive and reliable as the amount of overload increases.

A further object is to provide a more reliable locking device for the overload switch or controller and means for disenga 'ng said locking device to release said switc or controller and also means for insuring the safe and proper operation of both the switch-levers when the electroresponsive devices act.

In carrying my invention into effect I employ in my preferred form two independently movable switch-levers, one designed to 0 en or close, regulate, or otherwise affect or a ter the circuit upon the occurrence of an underload-current due to afailure of the su ply el ectromotive force and the other for simiiarly or differently aflecting the circuit, but independently of the former,upcn the occurrence The fo rmer is' preferably held in its normal positionlby any suitable form of electroresponsive device, a ma not being preferred, the armature for whic is carried by the switch-lever. Thiselever may, however, be held mechanically by a latch, for instance, and the latch released through the;

agency of a magnet or solenoid. The second switch-lever is preferably held in its normal position by a mechanical latch, the release eing efiected through the agency of a magnet or solenoid. The reiease'or disengagement of the mechanical latch for the overload switch-lever and for the underload switch-lever when one is employed is preferably effected by a hammerehke blow produced by the action of theelectroresponsive devices. In the preferred form of such devices I employ solenoids whose cores move vertically and whichwhen actuated by the current flowing through the coils of the solenoid give a shar blow upon the latch, which results in a quic release. The .switch levers are preferably always undersprin tension, tendingto move them when released. In controllers designed for handling large currents I employ knifeswitches entering spring-clips or stationary contacts, and with such switches I preferably employ means for imparting a hammer-like blow to start them from the spring-clips when the electrores ponsive devices respond to abnormal conditions in the circuit. The overload-switch is preferably provided with an auxiliary break of carbon or other material upon which the arc is broken. I also employ other features of construction, which will be more fully hereinafter referred to in connection with the accompanying drawings. In the foregoing statement I have referred to a combined underload and overload switch or controller; but it will be understood that some features of my invention are not limited to their combined usethat is to say, in some features of my invention the devices responding to overloadcurrents may be separately employed in a switch or controller responding only'to overload-currents, and the devices responding to underload-current may be likewise separately employed in a switch or controller responding only to underload-current. The electroresponsive devices may be connected in circuit in any suitable way. In some instances either or both of the electroresponsive devices might be in a different circuit from that in which the translating device to be protected iscon- ILGOtBd. When the apparatus isemployed in ITO the circuit of a motor, I connect the underload responsive device in most instances in series with the shunt field-windin of the mtor and the overload responsive device in series with the motor-armature.

In accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a plan and diagrammatic view of a rheostat embodying certain features of my invention, a hammerblow arm for the underload or rheostat switch bein shown. Fig. 2 illustrates a constructionlike that of Fig. 1, but showing the hammer-blow arm applied to the overload-switch. Fig. 3 illustrates a modified form of hammerblow arm for the 'underload or rheostat switch. Fig.v 4 illustrates a construction havin the hammerblow arm of Fig. 3 applied to both switches, and Fig. 5 illustrates another modified form of hammer-blow arm applicable to both switches. V r

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, 4 and represent, respectively, the independently- 'movable underload and overload switches, the former bein also the rheostat co11tact-lever. These levers arepi'voted on a common stud having aspring 7 coiled around it under tension and arranged so as to tend to move the levers 4 and 10 to the dotted-line ositions 1 and 2, respectively, when released. To limit the movement of the switchlevers when released and to reduce the effect of the blow, I provide rubber or spring bufi ers 29, one mounted upon the base 26 and the other mounted upon the under side of the switch-lever 4, the lever 10 being provided with two plates 38, ada ted to engage with said buffers. The, over oao switch-lever 10 is rovided with a in 14, which is engaged by a latch 11, pivote upon the base-plate 26 at 15; This latch is provided with a finger 39, which projects over a head 16, of insulating material,', carried by a shank 19, working through a non-magnetic sleeve 18, fitted within the iron casing of the solenoid-coil 21. The inner end of shank 19 has a small head to prevent displacement and against which the core 24 strikes when drawn upward or inward by the action of the solenoid.

The head on core 24 rests normally upon the l upper end of screw 28, which works through the bottom of a frame 25, secured to the casing 20. Screw 28 is locked ini ts adjusted position by a jam-nut 27. The head on core-24 is beveled to form a pointer or index, and the frame 25 is provided with graduations, as shown, to indicate the amperes for which the overload release ma be set. The core is shown as adjusted f br forty amperes, and

when the current passing through coil 21 exceeds that amount the core will be actuated, and the rapid movement of the core will give a hammer-like blow to rod 19 and trip the latch 1 1, whereupon spring 7 will move switch.- lever 10 to the dotted -line position 2. Switch-lever 10 at the left-hand side of its pivot makes contact with spring-clips 33,

and at the right-hand end the lever is pro vided with an auxiliary break for taking the are away from the switch-contact 33 when the switch-lever is operated. The auxiliary break is preferably made of carbon W .en the controller is intended for circuits having small currents and hi h electromotive forces; but when the contro ler is intended for circuits having large currents and low electromotive forces, and hence low resistances to consider, the carbon has so much resistance that it does not take all the are away from the switch-contacts, and therefore I prefer in such instances to employ copper or other material of lower resistance than carbon for the auxiliary break. In the form shown in Fig. 1 lever 10 is provided with a carbon block 34, carried by a spring-socket 35, and this carbon block is arranged to make contact with a stationary member formed of a copper block 36' and carbon block 37. Thus in breaking the circuit with this switch the current passes first through carbon and co per and then carbon and carbon. The un erload switchlever 4 in its final position enters stationary spring-contacts 32, and in order to obtain a rapid break at this contact I employ an 0 erating-handle 40 for the switch-lever 4, W 11011 operates to im art a blow to the switch. This operating-handle is pivoted upon the stud 17 and is provided with a slot 41, into which projects a pin 42, carried by lever 4. The armature 6 is pivoted upon this operating-handle and is held by the underloadmagnet 13. From Fig. 1 it will be seen that .When the operating arm is moved to the right by means of its handle 5 the engagement with pin 42 will carry the switch-lever 4 in the same direction. It will also be seen that when the arm 40 is released by the magnet 13 it will be moved to the left by means of s ring 43, which is also coiled around the stu '17, until the pin 42 reaches the other end of the slot 41, when a blow will beimparted to the pin sufficient to start the lever 4 from the spring-clip 32, whereupon the combined tension of springs 7 and 43 will drive the switch lever 4 to the left to dotted-line position 1, the movement being arrested by its buffer striking the plate 38 on the left of the pivot. The contact-buttons and resistance are shown at 30-and 31, respectively. It will be understood, however, that the resistance will be carried upon the under side of the base-plate 26 and suitably protected and insulated, or the resistance may be mounted upon the under side of a base of slate or equivalent insulating material and covered by a metal box and insulated and arranged as shown in my Patent No. 657,703, issued September 11, 1900. The circuit connections for a motor speed controlling or starting rheostat will preferably be as shown in Fig. 1, where A indicates a double-pole linenet 13 becomes su tact 33 to copper block 36.

switch, B the shunt field-wii'iding of the motor, and C thcarmature of the motor The field and armature are connected Lin two shunt-circuits, one including the motor-armature, overload-magnet, and both switches ing, overload-magnet, both switches, resist ance, and underload-magnet. -Tlie'armature-shunt is from line-switch A to bindingpost22, through coils 21 of the overload release-solenoid to contact 33, switch-levers 1.0

and4 to contact 32 to binding-post 23, and from binding-post 23 to motor-armature C to iary break connection extending from corn The field-shunt extends from the final contact 3 of the resist ance through the resistance 31 to underloadmagnet 13, and from magnet 13 to bindingpost 237, and from that binding-post through full lines. When an overload-current occurs, the release of switch-lever 10 is effected as above described, and spring 7 moves said lever to the dotted-line position 2, thus opening the circuit at stationary contact 33 and disconnecting both electroresponsive devices from the source of supfply. As soon as-magthrough the. gradual diminution of the counter-volts of the motor, which is then supplying the energizing-current for magnet 13 1n the local closed circuit containing the motor-armature and field and magnet 13, operating-arm 40 is released, which delivers a blow to switch 4, as above described, starting it from its spring-contact 32. The tendenc of levers 4 and 10 is to move toward each other under the influence of spring 7 when released; but it will be seen that when lever 10 is released and the circuit is o ened by it, lever 10 will reach the dotted-iine position 2, while the swi tch-lever 4 remains upon contact 32, being held by a current due to the counter-volts of? the motor. Therefore lever 10 will reach the dotted-line position 2 and be there arrested by buffers 29 before switch 4 begins to move. To return lever 10 to its normal position, lever 4 is moved to the left by its operating-lever 40 to the dotted-line position 1, and switch 4 through buffer 29 and plate 38 will move switch 10 before it from position 2 to its normal closed position in engagement with spring-contact 33, when lever 10 will be locked in position by latch 11 the circuit being opened by 4. Switch-lever 4 is then returned to itsnormal position, the circuit being closed through both electrorespon sive devices when switch 4 makes contact with the first resistance-contact, and when this lever reaches its final position armature 6 will strike the pole-pieces 12 of magnet 13, magnetism holding the armature, and hence and the other including the motor field-wind;

the other side of the line-switch A, the auxilthe motor field-winding B to ,thepther side of the line switch A. The normal operative position of the controller of Fig. 1 is shown in ciently deenergized the lever 40, in that position. When an underload occurs, magnet 13 releases the operating-lever 40, and its spring 43 drives it forward and imparts a blow to switch 4, as above described, the spring 7 and 43 driving the levers forward until lever 4 is arrested at position 1 by its buffer 29 striking the plate 38 on lever 10, which remains locked in its normal position. To close the circuit again, it is now only necessary to return lever 4 to its normal position, where, if the current is normal, it willbe held again, as above explained. If while the operator is moving the switch 4 after the overload-switch 10 is closed the current through coil 21 should exceed the amount for which the controller is set, the overload-switch will be released and open the circuit instantaneously, or, in other words,

the instant the current-energizing coil 21 is sufiicient to actuate its armature 24. If for any reason the supply energy fails entirely or decreases abnormally while switch 4 is being operated, magnet 13 will not hold lever 40, and hence switch 4, in their final or normal positions against the tension of spring 7 and 43, and these levers will return to the starting position the instant the operator removes his hand from the operating-handle. Thus it will be seen that by em loying two independently-movable switchevers controlled substantially as described by two electroresponsive devices the circuit cannot be maintained an instant unless it is in its normal condition.

It will also be seen that the functional connection or arrangement which necessitates the closure of the overload-switch through means dependent upon the movement of the underload-switch, so that the former can only be closed while the latter is open or in a protective position, prevents all injury to the translating devices in the circuit should an overload-current occur while the controller is being operated. Moreover, by

lacing the o crating-handle upon or interocking it wit or similarly relating it to the underload switch-lever the overload switchlever is always free to respond instantly to an overload-current. Such would not be the case if the overload-switch were closable by hand while the underload-switch is in its normal operating closed position, because in that case should an overload occur while the controller is being operated the damage which an overload current would cause would actually be done before the operator could remove his hand from the operatinghandle. Of course it will be understood that the switch-lever could be made to close sepa rately and independently instead of closing the overload first by means of the underloadswitch or operating-lever and still accomplish my results if some means were provided whereby, after overload had opened the overload-switch, the circuit could not be closed to its normal operating condition except while the overload-switch is in its protective condition, and such an arrangement would be within the scope of my invention. It will also be understood that the controller canbe employed to close a circuit instead of opening a clrcuit, as described. p r

In Fig. 2 I have shown the hammer-blow device of Fig. 1 applied to the overload switch-lever, the stationary contact for this switch in this arrangement being arranged to engage the left hand end of the switch. Switch-lever 10 is provided with a'pin 47, which projects into a slot 48 in the arm, 49 and which arm is pivoted upon the stud-carrying levers 10 and 4. Spring 7 is secured to arm 49 and lever 4 and performs the function of spring 7 of Fig. 1 in addition to causing the arm 49 to impart the hammer-blow to lever 10. The locking-latch 11 in this form en; gages a pin 14 on arm 49 and holds lever :11) in the normal position through the engagement of pin 47 with arm 49. When arm 49 is released by the action of the overload-solenoid, spring 7 will swing arm 49 and cause it to strike .pin 47, the blow starting lever 10 from. spring-clip 33, and then spring 7 forces both arm 49 and lever 10 toward lever 4. The movement is arrested by the projections 38 on the right-hand side of lever 10 striking bufler 29, as in the arrangement of Fig. 1. To close the overload-switch, switch-lever 4 is moved to the left, the buffer 29 on the under side of the latter engaging arm 49 and moving it toward the left until pin 47 reaches the end of slot 48, when switch-lever 10 will be carried along and forced into spring-clip 33 and pin 14 on arm 49 into engagement with latch 11.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3 the opcrating-lever 40 is pivoted directly upon switch-lever 4. The handle 5 for lever 40 is mounted upon the cross-piece on the arm 40, and which cross-piece is provided with fingers 44 and 46, projecting downwardly on opposite sides of the switch-lever 4. Armature 6 is pivoted upon the cross-piece, and a spring 43 is coiled around the pivot of the lever 40, one end being secured to the switch 4 and the other end to the lever 40. In this construction when armature 6 is released spring 43 swings arm 40 on its pivot, causing finger46 to strike the switch 4, imparting a blow sulficient to start the switch from the stationary contact. The weight of armature 6 in this form increases the effect of the blow.

In Fig. 4 I have shown the hammer-blow device of Fig. 3 applied to both switch-levers, and in this arrangement the pin 14, with which the latch 11 engages, is carried by the cross-arm of the ha1nmer-blow device 40*, and it will be seen that when the overload solenoid responds to an overload-current latch 11 will be tri ped and the projection on the cross-piece 0 arm 40* will strike a blow to switch 10 and drive it from its stationary eontact 33, which in this construction is preferably arranged at theleft-hand end of the -blow arm 40 like that of Fig. 3, but pivoted upon the switch-pivot instead of u on the switch-lever. In this arrangement t e ends of spring 7 are secured, respectively, to switch 10 and arm 40, thus serving to operate the three levers, as will be evident.

The features of my im' roved controller '-have been described and ilustrated only in connection with single-pole controllers; but it is'obvious that such features may be applied double pole switches by simply provid ing the necessary number of contacts and properly insulating the several switch members or by altering the form of the switch-levers, and it is evident that such a modificat1on 1s wit-hm the scope of m 1nvent1on.

It .willaq'so be evident that by t e application of well-known methods and means myimproved controller may be employed on circuits of alternating currents. switches are shown with the arms movin in a plane parallel to the base-plate 26, it wilI be understood that in many cases it will be desirable to have the switch-levers so mounted as to move at right angles to the plane of the base-plate.

Wherever in the claims I employ the limiting phrases in a circuit-controller or in a circuit-controlling rheostat or in a motorcontrolling switch or in a motor-rheostat I intend to describe and to be limited to a combination in which the elements are so functionally related as to be adapted to secure the new and useful results described in the specification or illustrated in the draw- 1ngs.-

I do not claim herein the broad feature of two switch levers functionally connected and movable independently in responding to abnormal conditions in the circuit, as described herein, since that feature forms the subject-matter of my application filed March 27, 1899, Serial No. 710,726, of which the present application is a division.

What I claim is .1. In a circuit-controller, the combination of two independently-movable switch-levers, an electroresponsive device for controlling one of said levers and responding to failure or abnormal decrease of current to release said lever, means for moving said lever when released to affect the circuit, an electroresponsive device for controlling the other lever and responding to abnormal increases of current to release said second lever, means for moving said lever when released to affect the circuit, and means for imparting blows to said switch-lever to start them when released.

' 2. In a circuit controller, the combination of two independently-nlovable switch-levers, an electroresponsive device for controlling While the various one of said levers and responding to failure or abnormal decrease of current to release said lever, means for moving said lever when released to affect the circuit a mechanical latch for holding the other lever in its normal position, an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal increases of current to release said lever, means for moving said lever when so released to affect the circuit, and means for imparting blows to said'switch-levers to start them when released.

3. In a circuit-controller, the combination of two independently-movable switch-levers, an electroresponsive device for controlling one of said levers and responding to failure or abnormal decrease of current to release said lever, means for moving said lever when released to affect the circuit, a mechanical latch for holding the other lever in its normal position, an electroresponsive device respondmg to abnormal increases of current to impart a blow to said latch to release said lever, means for moving said lever when so released -to aflect the circuit, and means for imparting blows to said switch-levers to start them when released.

4. In a circuit-controller, the combination with a movable switch member, and a stationary member with which said movable member is designed to make heavy rubbing contact, of means cont; olled by an electrore-- sponsive device for imparting a blow to said movable switch member, said electroresponsive means responding to failure or abnormal decrease of current.

5. In a circuit controllin rheostat, the combination with a series 0 contact-pieces with which the sections of the resistance are connected, and a movable arm adapted to make contact with said series of contactpieces and heavy rubbing contact with a final contact-piece, of means controlled by an electroresponsive device for imparting a blow to said movable arm.

6. In a circuit-controller, the combination with stationary switch members, of two movable members independently movable, an electroresponsive device for-controlling one of said movable members and responding to abnormal decreases in current to release said member, means for imparting a blow to said member to start it when released, and means for moving said member when so released to affect the circuit.

7. In a cip'cuit-controller, the combination with stationary switch members, of two movable members independently movable, a latch for holding one of said members in its normal position, an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal increases in current to effect the release of said member, an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal decreases in current to release the second movable member, means for imparting a blow to said second movable member to start abnormal increases creases in current for it when released, and means for moving said member when so released to affect the circuit.

8. In a circuit-controller, the combination with stationary switch members, of two movable members independently movable, a latch for holding one of said members in its normal position, an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal increases in current to impart a blow to said latch to release said member, an electrore sponsive device responding .to abnormal decreases in current to release the second movable member, means for imparting a blow to said second movable member to start it when released, and means for moving said member when so released to affect the circuit.

9. In a circuit-controller, the combination electroresponsive device for controlling one' of said movable members and responding to in current to effect the release of said member, an auxiliary break for said member, an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal decreases in current to release the second movable member, means for imparting a blow to said second movable member to start it when released, and means for moving said member when so released to affect the circuit.

10. Inaeircuit-controller, the combination with stationary switch members, of two movable members independently movable, an electroresponsive device for controlling one of said movable members and responding to abnormal increases in current to effect the release of said member, an auxiliary break for said member, means'for'adjusting said electroresponsive device for difierent currents, an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal decreases in curren .to release the second movable member, means for imparting a blow to said second movable member to start it when released, and means for moving said member when so released to ,affeet the circuit.

11. In a circuit-controlling rheostat, the combination with a series of contact-pieces with which'the sections of the resistance are connected, a movable arm adapted to make contact with said series of contact-pieces and heavy rubbing contact with the final contact-piece, means controlled by an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal deimparting a blow to said arm, means for moving said arm to its initial or starting position after the blow is struck, and a switch controlled by an electroresponsive device responding to abnormal increases in current to affect the circuit.

12. In a circuit-controller, the combination with a pivoted knife-switch lever, of switchcontacts cooperating with one end of said lever, an auxiliary break cooperating with the other end of said lever, an electroresponsive device for controlling said lever and responding to abnormal variations in current to re' lease said lever, and means for imparting a blow to said lever when released. I

13. In a circuit-controller, the combination with a pivoted knife-switch lever, of switchcontacts cooperating with one end of said lever, an auxiliary break cooperating with the other end of said lever, means for holding said lever in its normal position, an electroresponsive device for releasing said lever, and means for imparting a blow to said lever when released. 14. In a circuit-controller, the combination with a centrally-pivoted circuit-controlling switch-arm, stationary switch-contacts upon opposite sides of the pivot of said arm, and with which said arm makes contact, means for imparting a blow to said switch-arm, and

an electroresponsive device for controlling said means.

15. In a circuit-controller, thecombination with stationary switch-contacts, a movable contact-arm, a slotted operating-arm for said movable contact-arm, the latter having a projection working in the slot of said operating-arm, a spring placed under tension by sa1d operating-arm, and whereby said arm is caused to impart a blow to said contact-arm, and an electroresponsive device controlling the action of said operating-arm.

16. In a circuit-controller, the combination with a centrally-pivoted circuit-controlling switch-arm, stationary switch-contacts upon opposite sides of the pivot of said arm and with which said arm makes contact, a slotted operating-arm for said switch-arm,-'the latter having a projection working in the slot of said operating-arm, a spring placed under tension by said operating-arm, and whereby said arm is caused to impart a blow to said switch-arm, and an electroresponsive device controlling the action of said of an overload-switch, an independentlymovable underload-switch, two electroresponsive devices for controlling the automatic operation of said switches and respond-- ing respectivel to overloads and underloads, said overload evice and both switches being arranged for connection in series in the armature-circuit of a motor, and said underload device being arranged for connection in series with both switches and said overload device in the field-circuit of the motor, and said devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions and whereby either switch is caused to affect the motorcircuit.

18. In a motor-rheostat, the combination of the resistance and its switch, an independently-movable switch, an electroresponsive device responding to underloads for controlling the automatic operation of sa1d reslstance-switch, an electroresponsive device reoperatingarm. 17. In a motor-controller, the combination sponding to overloads for controlling the automatic operation of the other switch, said underload device being arranged for connection in the field-circuit of a motor, and said overload device being arranged for connection in the armature-circuit of the motor, and said devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions and whereby either switch is caused to affect the motor-circuit.

19. In a motor-rheostat, the combination of the resistance and its switch, an independently-movable switch, an electroresponsive device responding to unclerloads for controlling the automatic operation of said resist,- ance-switch, an electroresponsive device responding to overloads for controlling the automatic operation of the other switch, said underload device being arranged for connection in series with the overload device, both switches and the resistance in the field-circuit of themotor, and said overload device being arranged for connection in'series with both switches in the armature-circuit of the motor and said devices responding independently of each, other to abnormal conditions and whereby either switch is caused to afiect the motor-circuit.

20. A translating device, an automatic switch whose automatic movement is dependent upon a current other than the current passing through said translating device, a second automatic switch whose automatic movement is dependent upon the current through said translating device, said switches being functionally connected.

21. A device producing an electromotive force by magnetic induction, an automatic switch whose automatic movement is dependent upon a c'urrent other than the current passing through said device, a second automatic switch whose automatic movement is dependent upon the current through said device,.said switches being functionally connected.

22. An electroresponsive device in series with a shunt field-winding of an electric motor, a resistance controlling switch controlled thereby, an electrically controlled switch electrically connected therewith, said two switches being functionally connected.

23. An electroresponsive device in series with a shunt field-winding of an electric motor, a resistance-controlling switch controlled thereby, an automatic overload-switch electrically connected therewith, said switches being functionally connected.

24. An electroresponsive device in series with a shunt field-winding of an electric motor, a switch controlled thereby, an automatic overload-switch electrically connected therewith, said switches being connected.

25. Two automatic switches protectively related as to their relative movement under functionally electroresponsive device certain conditions, one being responsive to the current in one branch of a-divided circuit, and the other being responsive to a current in another branch.

26. An electromotive-force-producing device, an overload ma netic circuit-breaker in series therewith, and an automatic switch, which switch remains unaffected as regards movement when the circuit is opened by said overload magnetic circuit-breaker.

27. The combination of a spring-actuated resistance-controlling switch, restraining means therefor controlled by magnetism due to a current other than the armature-current of a motor, and an automatic magnetic circuit-breaker, the coil and switch of which carry the motor armature-current, the two switches being functionally connected.

28. The combination of a spring-actuated device, restraining means therefor controlled by magnetism due to a current other than the armaturecurrent of a motor, a resistance-controlling arm moved thereby and having a limited independent movement relative thereto and an overload protective switch functionally related to the first-named device.

29. In a motor controlling switch, the combination with a switch comprising two functionally-connected movable switch elements, of an electroresponsive device responding to overloads and arrangedfor connection in the armature-circuit of a motor, a second electroresponsive device responding to underloads and arranged for connection in the field-circuit of the motor, said electroresponsive devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions to control the motor-circuit.

30. An electromotive-force-producing device, two pivotally-cOnnected automaticallymovable switches inseries therewith, one switch being automatically movable in response to abnormal current through the device, and the other switch being automatically movable in response to abnormal current in a circuit other than that through the device.

31. An electromotive-force-producing device, two pivotall and functionally connected automaticaily-movable switches in series therewith, one switch being automatically movable in r onse to abnormal current through the evice, and the other switch being automatically movable in response to abnormal current in a circuit other than that through the device.

32. The combination of a resistance, a resistance-controlling switch, an independently-movable switch, an electroresponsive device for controlling the automatic operation of said resistance-controlling switch, an for controlling the automatic operation of the other switch, said first electroresponsive device being arranged for connection in the field-circuit of a motor, and the said other electroresponsive device being arranged for connection in the armature-circuit of the motor, and said switches being functionally connected and responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions.

38. In a motor-controller, two independently movable functionally connected switches controlled by separate electroresponsive devices, one switch being controlled by anelectroresponsive device in series with the motor-armature, and the other switch being controlled by an electroresponsive device not in series with'the motor-armature.

34. An electric motor having a field-winding energized by a current other than its armature-current, two functionally-connected switches in series with each other and with the motor-armature, one switch being con trolled under certain conditions by an electroresponsive device in series with the motorarmature, and the other switch being controlled under certain conditions by an electroresponsive device responsive to a current other than the armature-current.

35. A translating device, an adjustable resistance in series therewith, an overload protective device in series with the translating device, a protective device energized by a current other than that passing through the translating device, and means for preventing the closing of the circuit through the translating device eXce t after a protective amount of resistance has een inserted in the circuit.

36. A translating device, two switches in series therewith, means for opening the circuit at either switch, means for preventing the closing of one switch except when the other switch is in a protective position, and two independent electroresponsive devices for automatically protecting the translating device upon occurrence of failure of supplyelectromotive force and upon excessive current in the circuit respectively, one of said electroresponsive devices in series with the said translating device and the other not in series therewith. 1

37. A translating device, an automatic overload-switch in series therewith automatically responsive to predeteri'nined overloadcurrent through the translating device, and a resistance-controlling switch responsive to a current other than the current through the translating device, said switches being functionally connected.

38. Two switches in series with each other and with the armature of an electric motor,

one switch being a resistance controlling switch which must be moved to a certain. position before the other switch can be closed, and two independent electroresponsive de vices for protecting the motor-armature under abnormal conditions, one of said electro- IIO ' tively,

responsive devices being in series with the motor-armature, and the other being not in series with it.

39. Two automatically-movable functionally-connected switches, two independent electroresponsive devices controlling the automatic movement of said switches respec one of said electroresponsive devices being responsive to a certain current, and the other being responsive to a different current.

40. An electromotive-force-producing device, two automatic switches, and means for preventing the closing of said switches except in definite sequence, one of the said automatic switches being responsive to a current other than that through the device.

41. Two electrically-controlled automatically-movable electric switches, means for preventing their closing except in definite sequence, an electromotive-force-producing de vice, one of said switches being automatically responsive to abnormal current through the electromotive-force-producing device.

42. Two automatically-movable electric switches, means for preventingtheir closing except in definite sequence, an electromotiveforce-producing device, one of said switches being automatically responsive to abnormal current through the electromotive-force-producing device and the other switch being automatically responsive to abnormal electromotive force upon said ele'ctromotiveforce producing device.

43. An electric circuit, two functionallyrelated switches connected therewith, and means whereby said switches are independently and automatically movable each in response to a diflerent condition of the said circuit respectively.

.44. An electromotive-force-producing,device, two switches in series therewith which can be closed only indefinite sequence, and two independent electrores onsive devices, one of which is in series with the electromotive-force-producing device, and the other of which is not in series withit.

45. Two switches having a common electrical contact-surface between them, one switch being a resistance-controlling switch, the other switch being an automatic overload circuit-breaker normally restrained in its closed position by mechanical restraining means, which upon predetermined overloadcurrent is released by a hammer-blow due to a mass moving under the influence of magnetism and an electroresponsive protective device responsive to a current different from that through the winding of the circuitbreaker.

46. Two independently movable automatic switches in series with the counter-electromotive-force eiement of an electric motor and with each other, said two switches being responsive to currents in different circuits respectively and being so related that a definite sequence of closing the two switches is necessary, mechanical restraining means for one of said switches, means for delivering a hammer-blow due to the relative action of magnetism and gravity for the purpose of releasing said mechanical restraining means, and means for automatically moving said switch when so released.

47. Two different electric circuits, a translating device, two switches functionally related to each other and each being in series with the translating device, means for moving said switches automatically and independently of each other in response to certain conditions of said circuits respectively.

48. A translating device, two functionallyrelated automatic switches, each switch being in series with the translating device, one switch being responsive to a condition of current through the translating device, and the other switch being res onsive to a condition of the voltage supp ied to the translating device.

49. A switch automatically responsive to abnormal voltage conditions, a second switch automaticallyresponsive to abnormal current conditions, and means whereby one switch is related to the other as regards its closing movement.

50. A motor having a shunt-field winding, two switches in series with the armature of the motor and closable only in definite sequence, and two electroresponsive protective windings one in series with the motor field winding and the other in series with the motor-armature each of said windings producing a magneticfield independent of that produced by the other winding.

51. 1 Two switches in series with each other and with a motor-armature, a single means controlling the closing movement of said switches, and two electroresponsive devices for automatically protecting the motor-armature circuit against overload-current and no voltage respectively, the no-voltage electroresponsive device being not in series with the armature relative to the source of supply, but being always in a local closed circuit with the motor-armature.

52. A motor-armature, a switch in series therewith, a resistance-controlling switch,

\ also in series therewith whose movement ef fects the closing of the first-named switch, and two independent electromagnetic windings, which act automatically and independently' to protect the circuit under two difler-' ent abnormal conditions respectively, one of said windings being not in series with the armature. V i

53. A hand-o erated armature-controlling switch, a second switch whose closure is effected by the movement of the hand-operated switch, and independent electroresponsive means for protecting the armature-circuit upon occurrence of excessive current or supply electromotive-force failure, one of said electroresponsive means being not in series with the armature.

54. A motor-armature, two switches electricall connected therewith having a common e ectrical contact-surface between them, closable only in definite sequence, a controlling electroresponsive winding for each switch, one of said windings being not in series with the armature.

55. A motor-armature, a no-voltage automatic switch, and an overload automatic the no-voltage switch being moved automatically only upon no voltage, and the overload-switch being moved automatically only upon overload-current.

56. The combination in motor-controlling mechanism of protective electroresponsive means in series with the shunt fieldwinding, protective electroresponsive means in series with the armature, two switches in series with each other and with the armature, the closure of one switch being caused by the movement of the other switch.

' 57. An electric motor having a field-winding energized by a current independent of its armature-current, two switches in series with eachother and with the motor-armature, a single means controlling the closing movement of said switches, and two electromagnetic automatically-protective windings one in series with said field-winding and one in series with the motor-armature.

58. Two different circuits, a motor-armature functionally related thereto, two switches in series with the armature and with each other, said switches being protectively related to each other as to their relative movement under certain conditions, and means whereby said switches are electroresponsively automatically movable in response to abnormal conditions in said different circuits respectively.

59. A motor-armature, two switches in series therewith and with each other, said switches being mechanically protectively related to each other as to their movement under certain conditions, and two protective electromagnets one having its winding in sereis with the motor-armature and the other having its winding not in series with the motor-armature relative to the source of supply, but being always in a local closed circuit with the motor-armature.

60. A motor-armature, three switches in series with each other and with the motorarmature, one being a manually operated switch, and each of the other two switches being an automatic electrically controlled switch, and two electroresponsive devices for protecting the 111 otor-arniature circuit against abnormal conditions, one of sa d devices being not in series with the moi(iv-armature.

switch, protectively related to said armature,

61. In a motor-controlling switch, the combination with the switch elements, of an electroresponsive device responding to overloads and arranged for connection in the armaturecircuit of a motor, a second electroresponsive device responding to underloads and arranged for connection in the field-circuit of the motor, said electroresponsive devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions to control the motor-circuit.

62. In a motor-controlling switch, the combination with the switch elements, of an electroresponsive device responding to overloads and arranged for connection in the armaturecircuit of a motor, a second electroresponsive device responding to underloads and arranged for connection in the field-circuit of the mo, tor, said electroresponsive devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions to control the armature-circuit of the motor. I

63. In a motor-rheostat, the combination with the resistance and switch elements, of an electrores onsive device responding to overloads an arranged for connection in the armature-circuit of a motor, a second electroresponsive device responding to underloads and arranged for connection in the field-circuit of the motor, said electroresponsive devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions to control the motor-circuit.

64. In a motor-rheostat, the combination with the resistance and switch elements, of an electrores onsive device responding to overloads an arranged for. connection in the armature-circuit of a motor, a second electroresponsive device responding to underloads and arranged for connection in the fieldcircuit of the motor, said electroresponsive devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions to control the armature-circuit of the motor.

65. In a motor-controller, the combination of an overload-switch, an independentlymovable underload-switch, two electroresponsive devices for controlling the automatic operation of said switches and res ond ing respectively to overloads and under oads, sald overload device being arranged for connection in the armature-circuit of a motor and said underload device being arranged for connection in the field-circuit of the motor, and said devices responding independently of each other to abnormal conditions and whereby either switch is caused to affect the motor-circuit.

66. A field-winding of an electric motor. two independently-movable current-carrying elements each in series therewith under cer tain conditions, said movable elements being mechanically protectively related to each other as to their movement under certain conditions, and two protective clectromag .ically moved in response vice.

netic windings, one in series with the said field-winding, and the other in series with the motor-armaturc, each of said windings producing a magnetic field independent of that produced by the other winding.

67. The combination in motor-cmltrolling mechanism of electroresponsive means in se ries with the shunt field-winding, electroresponsive means in series with the armature two switches each at times in series with the shunt-field winding, the movement of one of said switches being caused under certain conditions by the moyement oi the other switch.

68. An electric n'iotor having a field-winding energized by a current independent of its armaturc-current, two switches each in series with said field-winding under certain conditions, and two electromagnetic windings, one inseries with said field-winding and one in series with the motor-armature, each of said windings producing a magnetic field independent of that produced by the other wind in 69. An electric motor having a field-winding energized by a current independent of its armature-current, two switches each in series with the said field-winding under, certain conditions, and twov electromagnetic windings, one in series with the motor-armature and one not in series with the motor-armature, each of said windings producing a magnetic field independent of that produced by the other winding.

'70. In a motor-controlling switch, the combination of two mechanically functionally related, independently-movable, current-carrying elements, of an electroresponsive winding in series with the armature of the motor, a' second electroresponsive winding in series with a field-winding of the motor, said windings responding to abnormal conditions to control the armature and field circuit of the motor.

71. A translating device, an adjustable re- I sistance in series therewith, protective means comprising an electromagnetic winding in series with said device, a pivotally-connected switch movable to its operative position through the agency of the movable element of the adjustable resistance, said resistancecontrolling movable element being automatto abnormal electrical conditions affecting the translating de- 7 2. An electric motor having a field-winding energized by a current other than its armature-current, an armature-protective device automatically movable to protect the motor armature, electroresponsive means comprising two electromagnetic windings, one of which is in series with the armature and the other of which is in series with the said field winding, said electroresponsive means controlling the automatic movement of the armature-protective device, and a pivotally-connectcd movable element by which the armature-protective device is moved to its normal operative position.

73. An electric motor having a field-winding energized by a current other than its armature-current, an electromagnetic winding in series with the armature, an electromagnetic winding in series with the said fieldwinding, current-controlling means automatically movable and controlled by said windings, said. current controlling means comprising a resistance-co]itrolling movable element and a pivotally-connected switch device, the movement of the switch device being controlled undercertain conditions by the resistance-controlling clement.

74. An electric motor having a field-winding in parallel with its armature relative to the source of supply, two functionally-rolated independently-movable switches for controllin the motor, a resistance in series with the field-winding relative to the source when the full working elcctromotive force is upon the motor-armature, and means insuring that said resistance shall not be in series with the field-winding when the starting currentis applied to the motor-armature, and two protective electromagnetic windings for automatically controlling the motor-circuit, each of said windin s roducing a magnetic field independent 0? t at produced by the other Winding.

75. A circuit containinga motor-armature and an electroresponsive winding, which circuit is maintained permanently closed, a movable switch element controlled by said winding andautomatically movable in response to abnormally low voltage on said motor armature, and a second independently-movable switch element automatically movable in response to a different abnormal condition affecting the motor-armature, each of said switch elements being in series with the motor-armature relative to the source of supply.

76. A circuit containing a motor-armature and an elcctrores onsive winding responsive to abnormally lbw volt'ageupon the motor-armature, said circuitbeing maintained permanently closed, a circuit containing the source of supply, said motor-armature and an electroresponsive winding re sponsive to overload-current through said motor-armature, and two functionally-related, independentlymovable switch elements controlling said motor-armature, each switch element being in series with the motor-armature relative to the source of supply, each of said windin s roducing a magnetic field independent 0 t at produced by the other winding.

77. A circuit containing a motor-armature and also an electroresponsive device re? IIO sponsive to a condition of abnormally low voltage in said circuit, a switch for controlling said motor-armature and controlled by said electroresponsive device, and a second switch protectively functionally related to said first switch, said second switch being normally restrained against a force tending to move it.

78. A circuit containing a motor-armature and also an electroresponsive device responsive to abnormally low voltage, a switch for controlling said motor-armature and controlled by said electroresponsive device, a second switch protectively functionally related to said first switch and inseries with it and with the armature relative to the main supply-lines, and means independent of the opening of said circuit containing the arma ture and electroresponsive device for protecting the motor-armature upon occurrence of overload.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

H. WARD LEONARD.

Witnesses:

J. A. STEVENSON, CAROLYN G. LEONARD.

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