US668841A - Steam and hot-water heater. - Google Patents

Description

N0. 668,84I. Patented Fab. 26, |90I.

W. H. PAGE. STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATER.

(Application filed June 7, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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No. ssa,a4|. Patented Feb. 2s,v |901. w. H. PAGE.

STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATER.

(Application vled June 7, 1900.]

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Nn. sss,a4|. Patented Fab. 26,'l490l.

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(Application iiled Juna 7, 1900.)

(No Modal.)

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limits STATES ATENT Crimen.

VILLIAM II. PAGE, OF NORVICII, CONNECTICUT.

STEAM AND HOT-WATER HEATER.

SPECIFICATION for-nung part 0f Letters Patent No. 668,841, dated February 26, 1901.

Application filed June 7,1900. 4Lcrial No.19,482. (No modela To rtl?, 1,071,077?. vit/ty cel/1.067171,.-

le it known that I, WILLIAM H. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Norwich, in the county of New London and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam and Hot- Water Heaters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention is in the boilers of steam- `genera-tors and hot-water heaters of the class used commonly in house-heating, and my immediate purpose is to provide a boiler-section in which the water shall be so presented to the f urnace-fire as to receive the greatest benelit and iniiuence from the caloric products of said fire and in which the heated water may have unobstructed circulation. Incidentally I have improved other features of such heaters, all being clearly described and explained hereinafter.

My newly-invented heater is of the vertical sectional type; and it consists, mainly, of a number of superimposed sectionsl-viz., the base or ash-pit section having mounted thereon the boiler-section and the latter in turn supporting the dome-section, the said sections each being adapted io be cast as a single structure. The said boiler-section and the lower portion of the dome-section are inclosed within and by a cylindrical shell concentric with the vertical central line of the heater and serving to provide a circular air-space around the boiler-section and the said lower portion of the dome-section, through which air-space the products of combustion are adapted to circulate and from which said products pass into a smoke-chamber secured to the outer face of the said cylindrical shell. Frein the smoke-chamber just mentioned said products finally pass off through a smoke-pipe.

To assist in the explanation of my invention, Ihave provided the accom panyinglthree sheets of drawings, illustrating the same, as follows:

Figure l illustrates a heater embodying my improvements and shows said heater partly in front elevation and part-ly in central vertical section in order that the interior construction thereof may be exposed to view. Fig. 2 is a central vertical sectional view of my newly-invented heater, said section being taken in a vertical plane at right angles to the plane of the sectioned portion of Fig. l. Figs;

3 and 4 are cross-section al views of my heater, the same being taken, respectively, on the lines 3 3 and 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 shows in cross-section a certain element of my heater pertaining to the grate. Fig. (i illustrates in central vertical section the dome portieri of my heater specially fitted up for hot-water heating.

Referringto the drawings, the letter ct denotes as a whole the ash-pit section, h the boiler-section, and C the dome-section, of my heater.

The ash-pit section a consists of a circular shell l0, preferably slightly tapering, as shown, and having formed upon its upper edge a circular plate l()a to receive the boilersecton b and the above cmentioned cylindrical shell, which incloses the said boilersection.

The boiler-section b consists of a hollow circular side wall ll of slightly-diminishing diameter from its lower to its upper end and the said upper (smaller) end of the boilersection is almost entirely closed over by a crown-sheet lla, which latter also consists of a hollow7 wall, thereby providing a chamber connecting with that of the hollow circular inclosing wall l1 of the boiler-section.

The space inclosed by the circular hollow wall ll of the boiler-section b is utilized as the fire-pot of the heater, and in order to permit of access thereinto and to provide an exit for the products of combustion generated therein the crown-sheet l1*L and the circular side wall 11 of the boiler-section have an opening 11b extending therethrough, which latter registers with the feed door of the heater, as hereinafterexplained.

Thejust-mentioned circular space inclosed by the hollow circular wall ll of the boilersection (which space is utilized as the lire-pot of the heater) is divided diametrically by a hollow wall llc, located in a vertical plane dividing centrally the opening 1lb, and adjacent said opening the wall 1].c is cut back, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, to provide a considerable clear space in the rear of the feed-door, hereinafter described. The wall ll is approximately of the same thickness as IOO the circular Wall 11 and eXtends from the plane of the lower end of the boiler-section to the crown-sheet 11a. The wall 11, as before mentioned, is hollow, and at its upper end the chamber therein opens into the chamber in the crown-sheet, and at the points of junction of the wall 11c with the circular side wall 11 the said chamber within the wall 11c opens into that of the circular side wall 11 from the lower en-d of said chamber to a point substantially midway its height, as is best seen in Fig. 2.

As already mentioned, the dome-section C is mounted upon the boiler-section b, and the lower wall 12 thereof, adjacent the crownsheet of the boiler-section, is concave to provide an open space 13 between the said boiler and dome, and the upper wall12b of the dome c is preferably convex, as shown, and has an outlet-pipe 14 leading from its highest point. The chamber within the dome-section c and that within the upper portion 11 of the boilersection b are connected bya number of short pipes or nipples 15, which cross the open space 13 between the said boiler and dome sections. Two of the said nipples are located immediately over the water-chamber provided by and between the walls 11c to provide a direct upward discharge from said water-chamber into the boiler-section, while the other nipples are olfset from the said water-chamber, as best seen in Fig. 3, to provide passages for the downward or return dow of water.

I have already referred to the cylindrical shell d, which serves to inclose the boiler-section and the lower portion of the dome-section of the heater. The said shellat its lower end rests upon and is secured to the circular plate l0 of the ash-pit, and at its upper end the said shell engages and is secured to an overhanging circular ledge 12C of the domesection c. The cylindrical shell d when in position provides clear space in the form of a circular chamber 16, which incloses the boiler-section I) and Ithe lower portion of the dome-section c, as first above described, the upper and lower ends of said chamber being respectively closed by the ledge portion 12Cof the dome-section and the circular plate 10 of the ash-pit section.

Referring again to the opening 11b, extending through the crown-sheet 11a and the circular wall l1 of the boiler-section,it will be seen that by reason of such opening communication is established between the re-pot and the clear space in the rear of the feeddoor and also that the said opening 11b connects with the chamber 13 (between the boiler and dome sections) at the pointinsaid chamber 13 approximately diametrically opposed to the opening ll", or, in other words, at the rear side of said chamber a passage-way 13a is provided leading through the concave wall 12 ofthe dome-section and .serving to connect the said chamber 13 with the circular chamber 16, already described.

The reference-number 17 denotes a smokebox which is secured to the cylindrical shell d at the rear side of the heater, and the reference-numbers 17 17b denote openings provided in the cylindrical shell d, through which commu nicationinay be established between the chamber 16 and the said smokeboX, which latter also has leading therefrom the smoke-pipe 17.

It will now be seen that through the opening 11", the passage 13a, and the openings 17l 17h a d raft-passage is established between the fire-pot and the chamber 13, thence from the latter to the chamber 16, and finally from said chamber 16 to the smoke-box 17 and smoke-pipe 176.

The products of combustion pass from the iire through the above-prescribed course; but in order to provide both a direct and indirect draft, which latter has for its object to utilize to the fullest possible extent the caloric properties of the said products, the circular chamber 16 is divided at a point somewhat below the opening 17a by a circular plate 16, which separates the chamber 16 into upper and lower portions between which communication is established at the front side of the heater by stopping off the plate 16a for some little distance, as best shown in Fig. 3.

The reference-number13 denotes a damper I located in the smoke-box and adapted to close the opening 17 in the cylindrical wall 16. When the damper 1S is open and dropped to the position shown in dotted lines in the drawings, the products of combustion, naturally seeking the first and most direct outlet from the chamber 16, will pass therefrom through the opening 17a into the smoke-box 17 and out through the smoke-pipe 17C.. Should the damper 18 be closed, however, as shown in the drawings, the said products of combustion are forced to pass to the front side of the heater, and thence downward into the lower portion of the chamber 16-1l. c., the portion beneath the plate 16a-from which the smokebox is reached through the opening 17h. To insure against a continued whirling'of the draft in the circular chamber 16, I preferably divide the portion of the chamber above the plate 16Z1 (at the rear of the heater) by a plate 16", which also divides centrally said passage 13, and at the front side of the heater the chamber 16 is divided beneath the fire-door by a similar plate 16C, which also divides centrally the opening leading from the upper to the lower portions of thechamber 16.

The feed-door, already referred to, is denoted by the number 19 and is hinged upon a plate 19, secured to the outer face of the cylindrical shell d. An open space 191 leads from the rear of the said plate 19 into the opening 11", through which latter access is had to the fire-pot, andpsaid open space also provides an exit from the fire-pot for the products of combustion,as already fully explained. The open passage 19b crosses the chamber 16 IOO IIO

and at. such point of crossing is inclosed by the frame 16d, which bridges the said chamber. The feed-(1001119 is located, as is usual in this class of heaters, over the ash-pit door 20,which latter is hinged to a plate 10", secured to the front side of the ash-pit ct.

Describing the ash-pito more fully, the upper end thereof is crossed diametrically by a bar 21, which receives on its upper face the bottom face of the division-wall 1lc of the boiler-section Z9.

The reference-number 22 denotes the gratebars of the heater, which bars are located in the ash-pit and extend parallel with the bar 21. The said grate-bars 22 are here shown as of the well-known class whose teeth are of triangular shape, as best seen in Fig. 1, and at the back side of the ash-pit the said bars are received by and supported on suitable bearings 10C, formed on the inner face of the ash-pit wall 10. At the front side of the heater the said grate-bars are journaled in the plate 10b.

On the inner edge of the circular plate 10 projections and teeth 10d are formed to iill up any area at the upper end of the ash-pit not sufficiently covered by t-he grate-bars to prevent the dropping of coal from the said firepot. (See Fig. 4.) The said projections and teeth so far as possible register with the teeth of the grate-bars and incline slightly downward to guide the coal onto the said bars, and in addition to the teeth and projections 10d ribs 21 are also provided on the opposite sides of the bar 21, which ribs register with the teeth ot' the confronting grate-bars, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the said ribs 21, like the projections and teeth 10d, serving, with the grate-bars 22, to form the complete grate.

From the description already given it will be understood that the fire-pot is divided centrally by the wall 11C, and it will also be understood that the bar 21, extending across the ash-pit,correspondingly divides the grate, thus providing a grate for both divisions of the tire-pot, each of said grates being independent of the other.

Each gratebar 22 bears thereon a gearwheel 22 in the rear of the plate 10b, and the gears of the bars of each division of the grate are in meshing contact. One of the gratebars of each of said divisions is provided with the usual triangular extension 22b for the reception of an operating handle or wrench, by means of which the grate-bars may be rocked or turned over.

The reference-number 23 denotes an inletpipe leading into the boiler, at the lower end thereof, one or more of which are provided to introduce a supply of water to the boiler as the same may be needed and to provide a return for condensation.

Describing now the action of my heater, assuming the boiler-section to have been sup` plied with water, filling the circular wall 11, the crown-sheet 11, and the cross-wall 11,

also the nipples 15 and the lower portion of the dome, and that a sufficient fire is present in the tire-pot, the said fire and the caloric products arising therefrom serve to heat the said water by engagement with the inner face of the circular wall 11, the under face of the crown-sheet 11, and the opposite sides of the crosswall 110, and after passing into the chamber 13 the said caloric products engage the upper face of the crown-sheet, the nipples 15, and the lower face ot` the convex wall 12 of the dome, and, finally, passing into the chamber 16, the said caloric products engage the outer face of the circular wall 11 of the boiler-section. The wall 11, extending directly through the tire, is subjected to very great heat, and the water therein becomes heated much more quickly than that in other portions of the heater, and as said water becomes heated it at once commences to rise in the wall 11c and is displaced by that whichis cooler, the latter entering the wall 11c at its opposite ends from the circular-wall 11. The heated water from the wall 11C, togetherwith that in the crown-sheet 11 or in the circular wall 11, which is sufficiently heated so to do, passes upward through the nipples l5 into the dome 127 (see arrows, Fig. 1,) when the steam arising therefrom fills the dome and passes off through the pipe 14. The waterin the cross-wall 11C of the boiler-section b heats very rapidly, and to prevent its leaving the upper end of the latter faster than its place can be taken by the inflowing cooler water the outlet from said wall into the crown-sheet is considerably less than the combined inlets to said wall, at the opposite ends of the lower portion thereof, said inlets to and outlets from the wall 11c being denoted, respectively, by the numbers 11e 11f in Fig. 2.

As just stated, the heated water from the boiler-section l) passes upward through the nipples 15 into the dome c, and in order tou prevent the said heated water from rising in the dome with such force as to shoot through the dome and int-o the pipe 14 a def-lectorplate 24 is located in the said dome over the nipples 15, which plate serves to check the upward force ofthe heated water and causes it to spread out in the dome, as shown in the drawings.

To prevent the grate-bars 22 from becoming warped when overheated, I provide a central support for the same, which consists of a bar or plate 25, which midway its length receives a bolt 25, that extends upward through the cross-bar 21 of the ash-pit, the upper end of said bolt being screwed into the lower edge of the cross-wall 11c of the boilersection b, as shown in the drawings. The grate-supporting plate 25 when in position extends in a direction at right angles to the grate-bars 22, and midway the length of said bars 22 the said grate-supporting plate enters between the teeth of the said bars, the latter being received in notches 25b of the said plate,

XOO

llO

as is best shown in Figs. 1 and 4, from which it will be seen that the said plate while serving to support the grate-bars interferes in no way with the rotation of the latter.

The feed-door 19 of my heater is provided on its inner side with a box 19h, having a number of holes 19c extending through the inner wall thereof, and openings 19(1 into the said box are also provided in the door 19. The openings 19d admit air into the box 19h, which air becomes highly heated in the said box previous to its being drawn therefrom through the holes 19c into the draft-passage connecting the fire-pot and the chamber 13. Should there be any gas arising from the tire, said gas when passing the holes I9c mingles with the heated air and renders the said gas inflammable, thereby gaining additional heat and utilizing the said gas.

The heater is iitted up with the usual appliances whereby it is automatically regulated, also with a water-glass, safety-Valve, dac.; but as such features form no part of this present invention it is not considered essential that they be shown or described in detail. The usual cold-air door 26 is provided in the smoke-box, as shown in Fig. 2.

While I have shown and described my heater as having a fire each side of the crosswall 11b of the boiler-section, it will be obvious that a iire could be maintained on one side only of said wall should it be desired to operate the heater under only a partial capacity and in moderate weather. The crosswall 11, dividing the fire-pot centrally, as it does, enables the coal to be readily introduced either at both sides thereof or at one side only, as may be desired, the fire upon one side of the said cross-wall being practically independent ot' that on the other side.

In Fig. 6 I have shown" my heater fitted up for hot-water heating, and when vit is desired to thus utilize the same the steam-space within the dome is largely decreased by the introduction of'a shell 12, which, with the concave wall 12b of the dome, incloses a chamber 27. It should be understood that the shell 12d is cast integral with the dome-section c, this being readily accomplished by slightly changing the dome-pattern and by coring for the chamber 27. The chamber 27 thus provided may be utilized to receive an isolated supply of water, which when heated to agiven point by the circulating water within the dome will by expansion act upon a suitable safety-valve or automatic draft-regulator.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. A boiler-section for heaters of the class referred to, consisting of a fire-pot combined with a water-chamber extending from the grate to the crown-sheet ot' said boiler, said water-chamber dividing the tire-pot into two independent compartments substantially as specified.

2. A tire-pot section formed with surrounding and overhead water jackets, a waterchamber extending transversely through the said fire-pot, from grate to crown-sheet dividing the tire-pot into two independent compartments, as set forth; said water-chamber being connected with the said surrounding and overhead water-jackets, substantially as specified.

3. A boiler-section consisting in combination of a fire-pot, a water-chamber extending centrally through said lire-pot from grate to crown-sheet dividing the tire-pot into two independent compartments, a Water-jacket surrounding and extending over said {ire-pot, passages between the opposite edges of the lower portion of the central water-chamber and the surrounding water-jacket, and also between the upper edge of said water-chamber and said overhead water-jacket, all substantially as specied.

4. In combination, a tire-pot section, a water-chamber extending from the grate to the crown-sheet in said tire-pot dividing the said lire-pot into two independent compartments, as set forth, an ash-pit section, grate-bars journaled. in said ash-pit section, a central supporting-plate for the said grate-bars, and means for securing said plate to the lower portion of the said water-chamber.

5. In combination, a fire-pot section, a superimposed boilersection, vertical waterways connecting the said fire-pot and boiler sections, a vertical water-chamber located centrally in the fire-pot and extending from grate to crown-sheet, and a deflector-plate located in the boiler-section immediately over the said waterways.

6. In combination, a fire-pot section, a superimposed boiler-section, a vertical waterchamber located centrally in the lire-pot and extending from the grate to the crown-sheet, and waterways connecting the tire-pot section and boiler-section; two of said waterways being located immediately over the said Water-chamber to provide a direct upward discharge from the water-chamber into the boiler and other of said waterways being offset from said central water-chamber to provide passages for the downward flow of water, all substantially as described.

7. In combination,an ash-pit section formed with a central transverse rib 21, a fire-pot section mounted upon the said ash-pit section and formed with a central water-chamber that rests upon the said rib 2l and extends from the said rib to the fire-pot crownsheet, and grate-bars journaled in the said ash-pit section; the said rib being formed with teeth that register with the teeth of the said grate-bars.

8. In combination, in a fire-pot section, a water-chamber centrally located in said firepot and extending from the grate to the crownsheet, and a single feed-door located in the fire-pot wall opposite the edge of the said water-chamber, whereby feed-openings are IOO IIO

provided leading into the two half parts of Signed at Norwich, Connecticut, this 28th said fire-pot. day of May, 1900.

9. In combination, in a. boiler, a dome havl ing a central Water-chamber and outlet-pipe 5 14, and an isolated expansion-chamber lo- Witnesses:

cated within said dome and concentric with FRANK I-I. ALLEN, the said outlet-pipe. MAY F. RITCHIE.

WILLIAM I-I. PAGE.

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