US666870A - Hot-air heating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

1 No. 666,870. Patehted Jan. 29, mm.

' E. n. JOHNSON.

HOT AIR HEATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed June 1, 1899.)

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Patented Jan. 29, MN.

E. H. JOHNSON. HOT AIR HEATING APPARATUS.

(Applicatiop filed June 1, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheots-Sheet 2.

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Nrran STATES ATENT FFICE.

ENOS H. JOHNSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ANDREWS & JOHNSON COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HOT-Al R H EATI N G APPARATU S.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 666,870, dated January 29, 1901. Application filed June 1, 1899. Serial No. 719,006. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ENOS H. JOHNSON, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot-Air Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in hot-air heating apparatus, and more particularly to that class of hot-air heating apparatus where the air is discharged under blast through a stack of heating coils or pipes and thence into a hot-air chamber, where it is mixed to a greater or less extent with colder air before being discharged into the pipes or conduits,by which it is conducted to the apartments to be warmed. As apparatus of this kind is usually constructed the air for heating the building is drawn into a chamber by a fan through primary heating or tempering coils and is then discharged by the fan through main heating-coils into a hot-air chamber and also under or around the main heatingcoils into a tempered-air chamber, these two chambers being located in proximity to each other and communicating by damper-controlled openings with the conduits which convey heat to the various rooms. The dampers in said openings are usually controlled thermostatically and by assuming varying positions admit air from the two chambers in such proportional volumes as to afford a heating medium of a proper temperature to be directed to the apartment.

With apparatus constructed as above described certain difficulties have been found in securing the proper temperature of the heating medium at all times. The principal difficulty is due to the inability to maintain the precise temperature desired in the temperedair chamber. To secure the best results, a uniform temperature of 60 is required to be maintained in this chamber; but it is practically impossible to so proportion the heatingsurface of the preliminary heating or tempering coils as to secure uniform results in all con ditions of external temperature, an amount of heating-surface adequate in mild weather being totally inadequate in colder weather.

It is the purpose and object of my invention to improve this class of heating apparatus by such changes in the construction as will obviate the difficulties above mentioned charge 7.

8 represents a chamber into which the fan discharges, the chamber being closed at the sides by the walls 9.

10 represents piers of masonry to receive the base 11 of the heating-pipes 12. These pipes may be of any suitable form, but are preferably round pipes set close together and with a staggered arrangement. A duct or opening 13 is provided between the piers 10 below the heating-pipes 12.

14 represents the hot-air chamber, and 15 the tempered-air chamber, separated by the partition 16, preferably insulated and having a duct or opening 17 therein. The chambers 14 and 15 communicate through openings 18 and 19, respectively, with the boots 20 of the separate conduits or delivery-pipes 21,1eading to the several apartments to be heated.

The openings 13 and 17 are controlled by the connected dampers 23 and 24, and said dampers are simultaneously operated from the pressure-motor 25 through the lever 26 and link 27. Said motor is supplied with a pressure fluid through the pipe 28, and the motor fluid is admitted to said pipe through a valve mechanism controlled by the thermostat 29, located within the tempered-air chamber. I have not shown in detail the valve-controlling mechanism, as devices of this kind are well known in the art. The

The passages 18 and 19 are controlled by the connected dampers 31 and 32, and said dampers are also thermostatically controlled.

In my arrangement I dispense with the preliminary heating or tempering coils and take the air at outside temperature into the fan and discharge it into the chamber 8, and thence through the heating coils or pipes 12 into the hot-air chamber 14, and through the opening 13 below said coils or pipes into the tempered-air chamber 15. Thus the air delivered into the chambers 14 and 15 may be at widely-varying temperatures, and in order to secure and maintain a uniform temperature of in the tempered-air chamber I provide the opening or passage 17 in the common wall of said chambers and admit therethrough a sufiicient volume of the heated air from chamber 14 to mix with the cold air in the chamber 15. By providing the damper 23 in the passage 13 and connecting it with the damper 24 in the passage 17 it is obvious that the flow of the cold air through the passage 13 may be restricted and a flow of the hot air through the opening 17 accelerated, thus bringing the air in the tempered-air chamber speedily to the required temperature. This required temperature I have stated to be 60, as experience has shown that it is best to maintain in the tempered-air chamber a temperature approximating within a few degrees that which it is desired to maintain in the apartment to be heated, and

the passage of alternate volumes of heated and cool air, creating drafts, is thus avoided.

It will be understood that the connected dampers 31 and 32 will assume varying positions, according to the temperature requirements of the apartments to be heated, and that a considerable range of movement of the connected dampers 23 and 24 may also take place.

There are several advantages attendant upon the use of the apparatus arranged as above described. In the first place the old form of apparatus depended for its successful operation upon a mathematical calculation of the heating-surface contained in the preliminary heating or tempering coils,which calculation, of course, was based upon an average or mean temperature and which necessarily did not take into account extreme or even considerable variations above and below said mean. The operation of my apparatus is entirely independent of any such calculation and is equally certain and uniform under all conditions of the external atmosphere. The essential distinction between my invention and the methods in use heretofore consists in the fact that I admit the air at the external temperature, Whatever it may be, and then secure the uniform desired temperature in the tempered-air chamber by the admission of heated air from the adjoining chamber, whereas in the older arrangement it was attempted to deliver into the temperedair chamber air at a practically uniform tern perature. My invention also effects a considerable saving in space, as the heating-coils may all be placed on the discharge side of the fan, and a saving of expense in construction and maintenance is also elfected.

While I prefer to connect the dampers 23 and 24, they may be disconnected and separately actuated, and while I prefer to thermostatically control said dampers, yet for the broader purposes of my invention they may be manually operated and the thermostat dispensed with. It will also be understood that the arrangement of the delivery-dampers 31 and 32 may be altered and that other changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim 1. In a hot-air heating apparatus, the combination with an air-heater, of an air-forcing apparatus for delivering air to said heater, a hot-air chamber into which the heated air is delivered, a tempered-air chamber communicating with the hot-air chamber and adapted to receive heated air therefrom, a by-pass through which a portion of the air under blast may be delivered into the tempered-air chamber without passing through the heater, and dampers controlling the by-pass and the communication between said chambers, substantially as described.

2. In a hot-air heating apparatus, the combination with an air-heater, of an air-forcing apparatus for delivering air to said heater, a hot-air chamber into which the heated air is delivered, a tempered-air chamber communicating with the hot-air chamber and adapted to receive heated air therefrom, a by-pass through which a portion of the air under blast may be delivered into the tempered-air chamber without passing through the heater, and interconnected thermostaticallyactuated dampers controlling the bypass and the communication between said chambers, substantially as described.

3. In a hot-air heating apparatus, the combination with an air-heater, of an air-forcing apparatus for delivering air to said heater, a hot-air chamber into which the heated air is delivered, a by-pass through which a portion of the air under blast may pass, a temperedair chamber with which said passage connects, a duct or passage between the hot-air chamher and the tempered-air chamber, andinterconnected dampers for the passages to the tempered-air chamber and between the hotair and the tempered-air chambers, a motor for moving said dampers, and a thermostat located in the tempered air chamber for controlling said motor, substantially as described.

4. In an air-heating apparatus, the combination with a fan-blower, a heater, a hot-air chamber adjacent to the heater, a temperedair chamber adjacent to the hot-air chamber and communicating therewith, a by-pass leadin g from the fan side of the heater to the tempered-air chamber, dampers for controlling the passages to and from the tempered-air chamber, said dampers being interconnected, a motor for moving said dampers, a thermostat for controlling said motor located within said chamber, the hot-air chamber and the tempered-air chamber delivering intoa common duct or passage, and valves or dampers for controlling the outlets from said cham- I6 bers, substantially as described.

EN OS H. J OHNSON;

Witnesses:

L. F. MOCREA, E. L. HUBER;

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