US655331A - Window. - Google Patents

Description

N0. 655,33l. Patented Aug. 7, I900.-

0. M. EDWARDS.

WINDOW.

(Application filed June 30, 1893.)

3 Sheets-Shaet l.

(No Model.)

WIT/7551525 5: W1

Patented Aug. 7, I900. 0. M. EDWARDS.

W I N D 0W.

(Application filed June 30, 1893.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

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NITED STATES? PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER M. EDYVARDS, OF SYRACUSE, NE? YORK.

wmoowj SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 655,331, dated August 7, 1900.

Application filed June 30, 1893. Serial. No. 479,312. (No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern;

Be it'known that I, OLIVER MCEDWARDS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Syracuse, county of Onondaga, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Windows, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming a part of the same.

My invention relates to devices employed for holding window-sashes in desired positions, releasing thesame, and, under some circumstances, automatically moving the same in one direction when released, and has for its object the provision of means simple in construction and easy to attach in place.

My invention consists, first, in the combination, in a window, of eccentrically-pivoted friction devices secured to a window-sash, with or without means for automatically moving or raising the sash, and means mounted on the sash for operating said devices, and, second, in the combination, in a window, of a peculiar construction of pivoted friction devices with a window sash or frame in such a manner that the attachment of such devices is open to inspection while being attached to the sash or frame, and my invention also consists in certain other novel and useful combinations of parts, all of which will be hereinafterfully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Like letters of reference, wherever they occur, indicate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

Figure l is'a front elevation of a window provided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on lines 2 2 of Figs. 1 and 3 looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on lines 3 3 of Figs. 1 and 2 looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 4 is a partial cross-section on line L 4: of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow. Figs. 5 and 6 are partial cross-sections on lines 5 5 and 6 6 of Fig. 2, respectively, looking in the direction of the arrows. Figs. 7 and 10 are side elevations of modified constructions of the stop devices shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. Figs. 8 and 9 are sectional views of modified constructions shown in Fig. '7. Fig. 11 is an elevation of the central portion of the construction shown in Fig.

10. Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section of a modified construction of the stop devices shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, Figs 13 and 14 illustrating in frontand side adifferent means for automatically moving the sash from those shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and also another way of connecting the friction devices to the sash. Fig. 15 is a sectional view on line 15 15 of Fig. let.

In Fig. 1, A is the glass of the upper sash B of the window, and A is the glass of the lower sash B thereof, D being the frame of the window. The sashes are arranged to slide in the usual manner and are here shown as provided with counterbalanclug-weights C C and C 0, those of the lower sash C 0 being heavy enough to cause it to raise when freed from restraint and those of the upper sash O 0 being only sufficiently heavy to prevent the sash dropping too suddenly when released from restraint and also rendering it easier to raise when the windowis to be closed. The sash B moves outside of the sash B when opening. From this it will seen that both sashes move automatically in one direction whenever they are free to move. I have shown weights and gravity as the power which automatically moves the sashes; but it is obvious that spring-rollers like those shown in Letters Patent No. 421,563, granted to me February 18, 1890-cords being substituted for the web shown in that pateutmay be employed without departing from the substance of my invention.

Referring to the several figures, it will be observed that the usual stops on one side of the lower sash B are provided with movable portions, thus forming movable stops for that side of the sash, and that the stops for the upper sash are in the usual condition that is, without movable portions.

The sash B is at each of its opposite edges provided with a movable device which is attached directly to such sash through eccentrically-pivoted links, and they are adapted to contact with the usual stops which hold the sash in place. This movable device consists of a bar E, preferably of wood and of the same kind as the sash, which is preferably secured to the sash by pivoted links e e, the pivots of which are arranged when the sash moves downward to open, with the pivots of the ends of the links which are attached to the movable bar E beyond the pivots of the other ends which are secured to the sash when viewed from the direction in which the sash moves when opening, as seen in Figs. 2 and 12. This manner of arranging themovable bar or friction device E relatively to the sash and its direct attachment thereto insures not only a positive and unyielding attachment for one end of each link to the sash, but also permits of the attachment of the same, with the movable barE and links 6 e,to the sash,wi th such parts in full View of the workman and in position where he can readily see what he is doing,as seen in Fig. 14. By reason of this arrangement of parts the movement of the sash B in a direction to open the same causes the movable bar E to move on the pivots of the links away from the portion of the sash to which the links are attached and bear against the stops with an increasing pressure or wedging action, thereby preventing the sash from moving but a short distance in. the opening direction before the wedging action of the movable bar completely arrests movement in this direction, thus lockin g the sash against opening until released from the control of the movable bar E. This movable friction device, if any portion of it is of wood, is preferably provided with a bar of metal G, which is rigidly attached thereto, and it affords a means of attaching the pivots for one end of each of the linkseeto such friction device E. A second metal bar F is preferably used for receiving the pivots for the other ends of the links, and it is attached directly to the sash, thus attaching the movable bar or friction device E, through the links e e, to the sash. These bars F G, as shown, are preferably connected together by the links (2 e, which eccentrically pivot the bars together, and consequently eccentrically pivot the movable bar or friction device to the sash. If this movable device is composed Wholly of metal, then the bar G may be dispensed with and the bar E connected directly to the bar F by the links e e. In Figs. 2, 5, and 6 these bars F G are arranged between the edge of the sash and the bar E, as seen in Fig. 16, and another bar H, preferably of wood of the same kind as that of the sash, is arranged over the connection of the links with the sash, so that the bar H forms a coveringpiece for this portion of the stop device and at the same time also forms an extension or finish for the edge of the sash; but it is obvious that the bars F G might be 011 the opposite sides of E H, as seen in Fig. 16, if desired, in which case the bar H might be integral with the sash. A spring I, connected to the sash, bears against the bar or movable friction deviceE in a direction to move it eccentrically from the bar F and against the window-stops. The movable bar or friction device E does not extend to quite the entire height of the sash, thus leaving a space for it to move in both a downward and upward vices.

direction as the links turn on their pivots and move the device E.

The movable bars or friction devices E at each edge of the sash are preferably connected together so as to move simultaneously by a rock-shaft J, mounted on the sash and provided with rock-armsjj at each end, one for each bar E, and with an arm j, by means of which the shaft is rocked to move the bars E against the stress of the springs I to release the sash from the control of the friction de- If the rock-shaftJ is at an inconvenient distance, a cord X may be attached to the arm j, by means of which it can be operated, thus forming operative means.

As the rock-shaft J is mounted on the sash, a continuing pressure thereon after the movable bars orfriction devices E are moved sufficiently to release the sash from their holding action will cause the sash B to move in one direction, which is, as shown, the opening direction,if the automatic means shown in Figs. 13 and 14 be used, and such movement of the sash will be opposed to the moving action of such automatic means.

Instead of the rock-shaft J and its arms other operating means may be employed, if desired, to move the bars E against the stress of the springs I-such, for instance, as shown in Fig. 12, where each upper link 6 is provided with an extension 6', which extends outside of the sash and by which the. bars E can be operated by the hands of the operator. If desired, a cord X may be used with this connection.

The sash B is of the ordinary character, and it is provided with stop devices K K, one at each of its opposite edges, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, by means of which the sash is held in the desired position,

The stop devices K K are preferably com posed of two portions, which are separately attached to the window frame or casing of the structure. One of these portions consists of the working parts of the stops and the other portion consists of a covering for the first portion, which covering is preferably of the'same kind of wood as the sash and trim of the structure. The stop devices, like the movable devices of sash B, consist of bars L, preferably of wood and of the same character as that of the sash and other trim of the structure, which are preferably secured to the window-frame by pivoted links Z Z, the pivots of which are arranged, when the sash moves upward to open, with the pivots of the ends of the links which are attached to the movable bars L beyond the pivots of the other ends, which are attached to the window-frame when viewed from the direction in which the sash moves when closing, as seen in Figs. 2, 7, and 10. By reason of this arrangement of parts the movement of the sash Bin a direction to open the same causes the movable bars L to move on the pivots of the links away from the portion of the window-frame to which the links are secured and bear against the sash with an increasing pressure, thereby preventing the sash from moving but a short distance in the opening direction before the wedging action of the movable bars completely arrests movement in this direction, thus locking the sash against opening until released from the control of the movable bars L. When the movable bar L is composed partly of wood, it is preferably provided with a bar of metal N, which affords a means of attaching the pivots for one end of each of the links Z Z to bar L. A second bar M, preferably of metal, serves as a means for receiving the pivots for the opposite ends of links Z Z and securing them to the window-frame, the bar M being rigidly attached to such frame. As shown, the bars N and M are eccentrically pivoted together bylinks Z Z, which is the preferred way of connecting the movable bar L to the bar M. A spring 0 is preferably attached to bar M, so as to bear against the bar N and force the barL against the sash.

The bar M and movable bar L, with the links Z Zand spring 0 just described, and the bar F and movable bar or friction device E, with the links e e and spring I, I term the working portion or parts of the stop devices herein shown and described, because they form that portion which serves to hold the sash in the desired positions and which is moved to free the sash for movement. Also they form the portions which are to be attached in place before the other or finishing portion is applied, if such portion be used. This stop device as a whole is designated in Figs. 1 to 4 as K, and as thus designated it is composed of the portion just termed the working portion, and the wood covering or finishing portion designated as Zr, and in Figs. 7 to 9 as K, being there composed of corresponding portions. In Figs. 2, 3, 5, 6, and 12 this stop device is composed of the working portion (composed of bars F E, links e e, and spring I) and the bar H when such bar is not made integral with the sash, as shown in Fig. 16. This construction and arrangement of the parts composing the working portion of these stop devices make a very strong, durable, compact, and easily-applied device and one which is readily manufactured in quantities at the factory, the parts being all connected together into a single device in its construction, so that it can be shipped to the 'customer without derangement and applied within full view of the workman in a most convenient manner, each moving part being exposed and open to inspection by the workman, who is thereby enabled to adjust such working portion to the sash or frame, so that the movable friction devices E or L bear equally on the sash or stop-bead of the frame, as the case may be. Also this working portion of the stop device is more securely attached to the sash or frame than was the case with any other known construction and arrangement of eccentrically-pivoted friction devices.

Each of the lowermost links Z is preferably provided with an extension Z, which in turn is preferably provided with a knob Z or other means by which it can be readily moved by the hand of the operator. shown as extending through exterior portion k of the stop devices K, which is provided with a slot is of suitable shape to allow the knob to move back and forth as the link Zand its extension Z turn on the pivot which secures them to the window-frame. The end of this slot is farthest from the sash B is preferably made of a larger size than the rest of the slot, so as to readily admit of the knob passing through it when the exterior portion it of the stop devices are to be placed in position after the other portion of such stops are adjusted and secured in place. This construction and arrangement of the link Z, extension Z, and knob Z makes a very compact,

strong, durable, and simple device or operat-' ing means for operating the movable bar L, and the knob is within the space occupied by the window-frame, so that it is out of the way and not liable to be hit and moved unintentionally. Only one spring 0 is shown in these figures; but it is obvious that more than one may be used, as in Fig. 10, and also that other forms of spring or springs maybe employed, if desired, in the place of the single one.

The operation in opening and closing the sashes is as follows: To open the sash B when arranged as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, apply force to the cord X sufficient to overcome the stress of the springs I, which will move the bars E downwardly and inwardly, which in turn releases the sash B from the pressure of the movable friction devices, when gravity, if means for automatically raising the sash, such as seen in Figs. 13 and 14, are not employed, causes the sash to fall to the desired extent, whereupon the cord is released, the bars E reversing their movement under the stress of the springs 1, and the sash is held in such desired position. To close the sash B, apply force and move it in a closing direction, which will cause the bars E to move as when the sash was opened, and thus permit it to move freely, the cord X being operated ornot, as desired. If means for automatically raising the sash, as seen in Figs. 13 and 14:, be used, then a continued application of force to the cord X will cause the sash to move downward-in the opening direction to oppose the force exerted by such means until the sash has reached the desired position, whereupon the cord is released, and the movable bars or friction devices hold the sash in such position until force is applied to close it. To open the sash B, apply force to each of the knobs Z sufficient to overcome the stress of the springs O, which will move the bars L downwardly and outwardly, which in turn will release the sash B from the pressure of the stop devices, when the weights 0 C over come the weight of the sash and cause it to be lifted to-open it to the desired extent, whereupon the knobs Z are released, the bars The knob Z is.

L reversing their movement under the stress of the springs O, and the sash is held in such desired position. To close the sash B, apply force and move it in a downward or closing direction, which will cause the barsL to move as when the sash was opened, and thus permit it to move freely, the knobs Z being operated or not, as desired.

Other forms and arrangements of bars,links, and springs can be employed, if desired, without departing from the substance of my inventionsuch, for instance, as those shown in Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. In Fig. 12 the form and arrangement of the bars, links, and springs of the movable device there shown are precisely the same as those shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, except that the uppermost links 6 of those figures are provided with extensions e, which extend outside of the sash, so as to be readily accessible to the hands of the operator, in which case the rock-shaft Jis' dispensed with and the movable friction devices upon the sash B are operated in the same manner as the movable bars L of sash B are operated.

In Figs. 7, 8, and 9 the stop device K there shown is substantially the same in construction and operation as those shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, except that the bearing-surface of the movable bar or friction device L is beveled, as shown. The bar N is attached to the movable bar L, which is eccentrically pivoted by links tothe bar M, which may in turn be secured rigidly to the window frame or sash, as desired.

In Figs. 10 and 11 the stop device there shown is substantially the same in construction and operation as in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, except -that the bars M N are connected together by a single link Z and two springs 0 instead of by two links and a single spring, as is the case in those figures. The link Z is provided with an extension Z and knob Z which operate to move the movable bars N L the same as the corresponding parts are moved in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

In Figs. 13, 14, and 15 the stop devices are substantially the same as those seen in other figures, except that the bars F G are dispensed with and the friction device E is composed wholly of metal.

I have herein shown and described the 1novable friction devices, consisting of two bars eccentricall y pivoted together by one or more links, as attached to the sash B and also to the frame D in connection with a window in which there are two sashesone outside of the other-when either sash is opened; but it is manifest that such stop devices can be used in windows where only one sash is employed, if so desired, without departing from the substance of my invention.

Other constructions of stop devices may be substituted for those shown herein and have such substituted devices perform all of the functions of the forms shown in substantially 4 Easiest the same way in the combinations hereinafter pointed out.

Each of the forms of stop devices herein shown and described serves to hold the sashes against their abutting stops, thereby preventing dust entering around the sashes and at the same time preventing the sashes from rattling or making a noise and also permitting them to move with the utmost freedom whenever it is desired to have them move, as in opening and closing the same, thus forming a dust-proof and antirattling window.

What I claim as new is 1. The combination in a window, substan tially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway in which the sash may move, two movable fric tion devices eccentrically pivoted to opposite edges of the sash, the movements of which on their pivots tend to wedge and unwedge the sash in its guideway, a spring or springs arranged to engage with the friction devices, and operating means mounted upon the sash and connecting the two pivoted friction devices together, whereby the sash is held in the desired position and the pivoted friction devices are simultaneously released by force applied to the operating means.

'2. The combination in a window, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway in which the sash may move, two movable friction devices eccentrically pivoted to opposite edges of the sash the movements of which on their pivots tend to wedge and unwedge the sash in its guideway, a spring or springs arranged to engage with the friction devices, means for automatically moving the sash, and operating means mounted on the sash, wherebythe sash is held in the desired position and the sash is automatically moved in one direction.

3. The combination in a window, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway in which the sash may move, two movable friction devices eccentrically pivoted to opposite edges of the sash, the movements of which on their pivots tend to wedge and unwedge the sash in its guideway, a spring or springs arranged to engage with the friction devices, means for automatically moving the sash, and means mounted on the sash and connected to the friction devices and arranged to release the sash by moving with it in the direction the sash moves when opposed by the moving action of the automatic means, whereby the sash is held in the desired position and is released and moved by continued application of force to the operating means in opposition to the moving action of the automatic means.

4. The combination in a window, substan tially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway in which the sash may slide in opening and closing, and a friction holding device, consisting of two bars eccentrically pivoted together by one or more links, one of which bars is adapted to be fixedly attached directly to the sash ICC or the frame and the other is adapted to bear against the sash or a portion of its guideway Without one bar overlying the other, whereby the friction holding device is secu rely held in position to wedge and unwedge the sash in its guideway and the bars and links of such device are open to inspection and adjustment while the device is being properly attached to the sash or the window frame.

5. The combination in a window, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway in which the sash may slide in opening and closing, and a friction holding device, consisting of two bars eccentrically pivoted together by one or more links with one or more springs whose stress or tension tends to move one bar away from the other, and one of such bars is adapted to be fixedly attached directly to the sash or the frame and the other is adapted to bear against the sash or a portion of its guideway without one bar overlying the other, whereby the friction holding device is securely held in position to wedge and unwedgc the sash in its guideway and the bars, links and springs of such device are open to inspection and adjustment While the device is being properly attached to the sash or the window-frame.

6. The combination in a friction Windowstop device, substantially as set forth, of a movable part, means by Which such part is secured directly to the window-sash or its frame, such part and means composing the working portion of such device, and attachable to the sash or frame independently of any other portion, and a second portion attachable to the sash or frame over the workin g portion, whereby the first or working portion may be applied in proper Working position before the second portion is applied, and the latter serves as a cover or finish for the former.

OLIVER M. EDWARDS,

Witnesses:

A. A. SoHENoK, JOHN E. SWEET.

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