US653927A - Hot-air furnace. - Google Patents

Description

No. 653,927. Patented luly l7, I900.

A. w. CRAM.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

Application filed Oct. 10 189 OOOOOOO UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- ALONZO W. ORAM, OF HAVERI-IILL, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO ABBY F.

' CRAM, OF SAME PLACE.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 653,927, dated July 17, 1900.

Application filed October 10, 1899. Serial No. 733,143. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALONZO W. CRAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Haverhill, in the countyof Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces, and which is more especially intended to be used as a hot-air furnace, though it may be used as a hot-water furnace or as a steam-generator, as may be desired, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The primary object of myiinvention is to provide a furnace having the greatest possible heating-surface, whereby a saving of fuel and labor is elfected, and, secondly, to so construct the furnace thatit will operate without the aid of the draft of the chimney, which enables me to utilize the escaping products of combustion for heating purposes in the most effective manner.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical perspective sectional view of a furnace embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same. tached perspective sectional view of one of the sections of which the heating portion of the furnace is composed.

When the furnace is to be used as a hotair furnace, an outer casing B of any desired form or style will be used for receiving the air which is to be used and then conveyed to the desired point or points of a building. Inclosed within this outer casing Bis the heating portion A of the furnace, which consists of a plurality of radially-arranged sections 'K, which in cross-section are of a truncated the bottom of the chambers K for the purpose of forming a passage-way c, and the par- Fig. 3 is a detition a serves to divide the sections K into the inner E and the outer chambers or fines G, both of which have communication with the interior of the fire chamber or box A, as clearly shown.

The sections K rest upon a horizontal sec tion S, which surrounds the ash-pit M beneath the grate H, and the lower end of each of the sections K is placed in communication with the horizontal sectionS through the medium of the vertical pipes O.

One of thesections K is provided with an outwardly-projecting pipe X, and the section S is provided with an outwardly-projecting pipe X, through which the said section may be cleaned, and the pipes X and X are connected through the medium of a vertical pipe X, thus establishingcommunication between the lower end of the sections K through the pipe 0, section S, and pipes X X, and X to the chimney. Situated in the pipe X, between the section K, to which it is connected, and the upper end of the vertical pipe X, is

a damper N, by means of which direct draft between the upper end of the sections K and the chimney is prevented or admitted, as

may be desired.

In operation when the fire is started the damper is closed and the inner walls of the chambers or flues E of the sections K are first heated and become of course warmer than the outer chambers or fiues G, thus causing an upward current in the chambers E, as indicated by arrow, and a downward current through the chambers or fines G, as also indicated by arrow. In'turn the upward current in the chambers E draws the warm air from the upper chambers E, which passes down the said chambers G, warms the outer surface or walls thereof, which are in contact with the air within the outer casing B, which isto be warmed, the air to be warmed thereby cooling off. to some extent the walls of the flues or chambers G by giving its heat to the air within the outer casing 13, making the air within the flues G heavier, causing it to descend and to pass up through the fines or chambers E, thereby keeping up a constant circulation without the aidof the draft of the out the lower end of the sections K into the horizontal section S, through the pipes 0, as indicated by arrow, and through the pipes X, l and X to the chimney. It will be noted that the pipes O, which establish communication between the chimney and the said sections, afford a restricted outlet for the products of combustion.

From the above description it will be seen that I have produced a burner having a large heating-surface, thereby radiating the great est possible amount of heat from a given amount of fuel, and which is so constructed that circulation will be maintained within the furnace without the aid of the draft of the chimney, which will be found to be a great saving in fuel and in the labor of feeding the same to the furnace.

The furnace may be constructed in various ways, depending upon the material of which it is composed. It may be made in vertical sections having an air-space through crosssection or whole, as shown in drawings, or it may be made in annular sections, one made on top of the other, with cup-joints for packing to make the space between the sections gas and air tight, and the sections may be of any desired number. For making a combi nation-furnace one or more sections may be used for hot water or steam, while the others are used for hot air, and the top of the firechamber A is closed with a suitable trap J to separate the top of the fuel-chamber from the warm-air space or chamber, as will be readily understood.

The construction herein shown and described may be equally adapted to be used either as a gas or oil heating radiator for warming a room, with the advantage of a large heating-surface, the oil-heater taking the place of the grate within the fire-pot A, and the circulation will be through the several sections in the manner before described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A furnace consisting of a plurality of separate vertically-arranged chambers the inner walls of which constitute a fire pot or chamber, said chambers divided into two vertical fiues having separate communications at their upper ends with the fire-pot and communicating with each other at their lower ends, substantially as described.

2. A furnace comprising a plurality of radially-arranged separate vertical sections the inner walls of which constitute a fire pot or chamber, the upper ends of the sections having openings in communication with the upper end of the fire-pot, and each section provided with a vertically-arranged partition having its upper end turned inward to con stitute two separate flues in each chamber having separate communications with the upper end of the fire-pot, the lower end of the partitions being above the lower end of the sections forming a passage-way establishing communication between the lower end of the two separate flues, and a communication be tween the sections and the chimney, substantially as described.

3. A furnace comprising a plurality of vertically and radially arranged sections, said sections being of a triangular truncated shape in cross-section and the truncated ends of the sections forming the walls of a fire-pot, the upper ends of the sections provided with an opening having communication with the up per end of the fire-pot, each section having a vertically-arranged partition with its upper end turned horizontally and dividing the openings in the sections into two separate passage-ways,and the lower ends of the partitions stopping at a point above the lower end of the sections constituting a passage-way forming communication between the lower ends of the fines formed by said partition, the lower end of the sections having a chimney communication, substantially as described.

4. A furnace comprising a plurality of vertical radially-arranged separate chambers, the inner walls of which constitute a fire-pot, the upper ends of the chambers having openings communicating with the upper end of the fire-pot,each chamber having a verticallyarranged partition dividing the sections into two separate flues, the lower ends of the partitions stopping at a point above the lower ends of the sections to form a communicating passage-way and the upper ends of the partitions turned inward to form separate passage-ways and communication. respectively with the upper end of said lines, a horizontal section at the lower end of the said vertical sections, and communications between the lower ends of the vertical sections and the horizontal section, and the horizontal section provided with a chimney commu-' ends with the upper end of the fire-pot, apipe X having'eommunication at one end with one of said vertical sections, a vertical pipe having communication with the said pipe X and fines communicating with each other, substantially as described.

'7. A furnace comprising a fire-pot, tines vertically arranged therearound in pairs, one flue of each pair being adjacent the fire-pot and the other fine of each pair being removed therefrom, said fines having separate communications with the upper end of the fire pot or chamber, and the lower ends of the said fines having communication with each other, substantially as described.

8. A furnace comprising a fire pot or chamber, flues vertically arranged therearound in pairs, the inner fines of the said pairs being adjacent the fire-pot and the other fines of the pairs being removed therefrom, the upper ends of the said fines having separate communications with the upper end of the fire pot or chamber, the lower ends of the fines being in communication with each other, and a communication common to the lower ends of the fines and the chimney, substantially as described.

9. A furnace comprising a plurality of radially-arranged separate vertical chambers the inner walls of which constitute a fire pot or chamber, each chamber divided into two vertically arranged fines having separate communications at their upper ends with the upper ends of the fire pot or chamber, the lower ends of the fines being in communication with each other, and a comparatively-restricted communication between the lower ends of all of the flues and the chimney, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALONZO W. CRAM. Witnesses:

CHARLES J. HALPEN, WM. D. CRAM.

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