US1851453A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

March 29, 1932. E. D. s|| \'/ER l 1,851,453

FURNACE Filed Dec. 3, 1930 s sheets-sheet 2 March 29, 1932. E. D. SILVER j 1,851,453

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"fu l /j' /5 lll/117111111 Inventor.' Er'ZzJ ver 3.9 w

Patented Mar. 29, 1932 EARLD. SILVER, oF FLossMooa, ILLINOIS FUaNAcE l l Application filed December 3, 17930. Serial No. 499,733.

My invention relates to improvementsfin a heater of the sectional type in which a plurality of sections may be arranged in longi# p tudinal alignment whereby the capacity of I the heater may be varied by increasing or reducing the number of sections, and particularly relates to heaters adapted for systems using steam, hot water, or air as the heating medium, and for systems using eitherrshort 10 or long flame fuel. 4

The object of my invention is to construct a heater having a high ratio ofheatingsurface relatively to the cubical capacity of the Vchambers containing the heating medium; a further object is to provide a heater having hollow sections, each forming a chamber for the heating element-s and provide each section with individual inlet and outlet passageways, thus avoiding any intercommunication between the chambers of the diiferent sections of the heater; a further object is to provide sections of A-shape formation, thus forming a central upper portion and symmetrical lower leg portions extending downwardly and outwardly, adapted to embrace the fire boX above the line of the grate; Va further object is to construct the sections with inner and outer boundary walls which are curved to eliminate all sharpjcorners and horizontal heating surfaces; a further object is to provide each section with substantially parallelA transverse walls forming a relatively `thin chamberfor the heating element between 'said walls, and provide ribs uponthe outer surfaces of thetransverse walls, said ribs defining heat ilues for conducting the heat, from the fire boX, between the walls of the adjacent sections and in close proximity to the walls forming the chambers containing the heating medium; a further object is to provide heat flue outlets in the ribs of the adjacent sections, thus providing a heat flue o utletbetween the adjacent sections; a further object is to provide ribs formingy division wallsvv located centrally of the outer and inner ribs of the `section for directing the heatinto the ilues formed in the leg portions, thereby extending the length of m travel of the heat adjacent to thev chambers containing the heating medium; a further objectI isfto provide van,opening in theiribs .forming the division walls and providefa novel form fof damper for controlling said opening, [whereby the products of combus tion may be carried-directly 'tothe flue outing through the extended heat iues :or vpasj sageways before reachingtheflue outlet; a

adjacent sections with clean-out openings and covers located at the lower ends ofthe leg portions, making the entire heat lflues orpassageways of each Vsectionaccessible for clean- ,letwhen starting anewfireinstead ofpass- Vfurther object `is topro-vide the ribs ofthe.A

ling purposes;v and a `still further object is `to providea novel `means for mounting the grate bars in the base portionof the furnace.

These together with various othernovel fea-` tures of construction and arrangement of the parts, which will be more fully hereinafter d l.

described land claimed, constitute my vinven- 2 Referring to the accompanying drawings Fig. l is a vertical, central, longitudinal sectional view of my improved heater; Fig. 2 is y, aside elevation partly in section o f'the heater shown in'Fig. l; Figl is a horizontal sectional View online 3;-8, Fig. "1; FiglA is a vertical longitudinalsectional view of thei base of the heater "showing the novel means for vdetachably supporting ltheV grate bars,

vertical sectional View, Vas on line 5--5,.Fig s.

1,2, 3, 6, and 9; Figfis aplan view of my 9 9, Figs. l, 5, and 7.; Fig. l() is a transverse sectional view on line 104-10, Figs. 5 4and 7 Fig. llis a view similar `to Fig. l()v showing a yslightly dierent vform of the heater Vsecv tion ;Fig. 12 isa detached view of the clean# out collar; andFig. lis a detached view of the clean-outcover," f

In the accompanying drawingsI in which like reference characters'frefer to likeparts l5 represents the intermediate sectionsand 16 andfl? represent end sections `secured to.- i

gether'in longitudinal alignment -bybolts 18, Y

Y forming the heater. Said sections are supported upon'l the rectangular baseV 19. The end sections 16 and 17 are co-extensive with vthe width of the heater, thus forming the front and; back verticalwalls of the heater.V

The intermediate'sections 15 are of A-shape formation, as shown in Figs. 5v and'7 and.

form anvenclosedffireebox;f20, above the base 19, and extending'longitudinally"throughout the length of the heater between the-end"sec tions 16'and 17.

The sections forming the heater are ofrelatively thin construction and extend Versely to the length of the heater. The sec` tions consist of transversewalls2l-arranged substantially parallel; as shown 'in Eigs- 8 1 to '11. y Said wallsl areconnecte'd'. Ashort Vlorigitudinal outer and 'finner w,alls, 2 2. and ,2 3

forinin'gfrelatiuelyj thinfchambersl, 'forthe heating mediumfwliich in aylbe vwater, stean'i` ordair. 1he A- shape,sect1.0ns 1 5each form anv -upper eentral .-chanber 2portion .25 land symmetrical lower leg chamber ,portions 26 which yext-'end .n downward ..and..outwardly, ,as

:ShowninFig- .15.. l Y.

The outer walls .2.2 Off.allthe.sectionsare 'plQxi-'led with gradually upwardly inclined 'curved ,portiers .27.; Qonnectejjd by the .crown Awalls ,28, .29anfd 30. vThe walls22 .and'QB ofthelegpertions of the sections ,15;'are conl ,Iiectled .at .their flower extremities by .the

curved portions L 31, .and -the jinner ,walls -23 off-.thelg portions areconneeted'by a .curved dQme Wall 3 2i-above the `ire;boX,20.

v The .wallsg22 andg23:areinclined upwardly and-'inwardly and converge with the dome walls 27. and Y ihus insuring. the freefcircuu 'lation ofithe'heating medium throughztheup- ,per central chamberiportion 25rand.thelower "leg 4chamber lportions .260i th-e sections, .therealeno square, 0r abruptcornerswr flat surfaces, which wouldtend to retard the-free circulation of the Y,pressure medium.

f 4)Each .section is tpfroxided with ribs .3,4 and 35 .which ,project .fromthe :plane: of thetrans- Yverse .walls 21 andfab'ut againstsimilar ribs formed upon :the `nezrt .adjacent fsection, :thus .positioning the transverse nwallsz21. of the -adjacent sections in spacedmelationto eachother andjorming heltfluesbetweenthe.chambers lformed .in .the sections. The lribs :34 .and 35 are inalignrnent .with ` fthe walls 22 and 23 respectiuely. lThe ,ribs 34 followthe -,outer .Conto/ur ,ofthesections and the ribs 351.1501- opening 41 forthefheattp pass if-rolnthe the ribs 34 and 35 are provided central ribs 44, as shown in Fig. 7. The central ribs 44 extend into kthe lower leg portions Vof each section, and their lower ends terminate at the points 46 in spaced relation with the outer ribs 34 and 35, thus forming .long circuittions, asindicated bythe arrowsiin Fig.v 7. Tlregcenter ribs 44 terminatefat their upper ends : faftrtghe points 1,47 and form an openlng `48, shown in. Figs. 1, 7 and 8. Dampers 50 heat'wi-llbe-directedinto the lines 37 and 38 `ous heating lues, or passageways37 and 38,` 'Y between the'transverse' walls21 ofi-the sec- ,-areprovided for normally closing theopen- Y ings 48, as shown in Figs. l and 7 so that the 8 .of ,thelegs ofthe sections bythecentralribs l 49 formed through the Outer ribs3j4 of'lthe adjacent. sections.

The damper aulnay beliefert whensmrtmg .y

a new 'ire, "tor allowing theheat tdi-,pass

through ,the f opening 48, directly to the Llllue outlet"`49'. Each damper15Q0;is proiided with a rod 5,11 extei'iding vvertically 'through .an

Vopening"formedin the ribs 34,.atlthet diuiding line, between thefadjacent s ect1ons,as'shown in Figs.. A1 and 6.

are .each .connected .with bell-.crank leviers '5.2 .piVOtallyv mounted upon .shafts 53 which in yturn are mounted ,upon bearings' '.54- ser cured upon. the upper l portion of reach, section Offthe heater. The 1.ar1ns'55f of the' bell-crank levers5`2 arepivotally connected withanpperating 'bar 1.56 for jli'ting all the .dampers simultaneously. Y

llhe dampers 50 .are .formed of refractory materialand areheld in ,clamp.platesfformed of j-two parts V.57 .andg'S which .embrace `the dampers 150.v Said ,parts157and 58are'l'jeined together Aby a cap '59, with lwhich latter the' damperrodl'is secured. The gparts l-57..and

OiB the plates are ,oieircular formation 1n vcross .section and r embrace"theenlarged upper :portions .oif the damper S50. By .re-Yv` i movingthecap 5,9, the,parts.;57 andlofthe clamp plates ,may be slidendwise upon theeu` largeduppenportions ofthedamperlO. The

cap 5 9 Vis securedbyscrews' 60 to the .parts.5.7

sernhlingthedampersg v The .flue ,outlets :49 lare formedeby semicircular rflan ges .62 .formed :upon-fthe. outer-sur face .of the adjacent sections, as show-n in Figs. .2, 6 and 7. About .thepflanges .are

lit-ted vpipes A64 `leading to La common. header 65., which latter may .bexconnected with y:a

chimney Vor stack V.in .the .usual manner. .By this yarangement an iindividual outlet 49 .is providedor the heat flues37 .and 38 4formed l between .the adj acentsections, and each outlet y i andd, thus A,providing means for readily asr 49 .isconected withapipeleading togtheqcorn mon .hea/der.

"lille ,lowerle'g Vportions ofthe sec-tionainjlg .whichcithe ,chambers 26 qfor fthe heating eeriement are formed, are provided with 4inlet openings 66, to each of which a-branch pipe 67 from common header 68 is connected, as shown in Figs. 2, 5, and 7 A The upper cen,-

tral portion of each section is provided with each section.

. 75, shown detached The ribsof the sectionsare provided at.

the lower ends of the leg portions with openings 74 for-cleaning purposes. rSaidopenings 74.H are located upon the plaine between the ribs of two adjacentl sections, sothat the spaces forminoI the heat flues 37 and 38 are made accessible for cleaning j ourposes.,A Each clean-out opening 74- is provided with a collar in Fig. 12, which collar surrounds the openings 711 and is fastened to the adjacent sections bynieans of screws 7 6, shown in Fig. 2. Upon the collar 7 5 is secured a bolt 7 upon which is pivotally mounted a cover 78, shown detached in liig.` 13, which is adapted to be held in place upon the collar .75 by meansof a spring 7 9 carried by said bolt 7 7 and tending to hold the cover 78 against the collar L75. 1

The leg portions of the sections are adapted to embrace the base 19 upon which the sectiens are supported. Upon the base 19 are pivotally mounted grate bars 8O which are provided at their oppositeendswith'circular end shafts 81 and 82, which enter Apockets 83A and 811 formed in the base 19. At one side ofthe base is provided a `projection 85 uponV which the ends 82of the grate bars are sup-` ported, this projection part of the base. i v i l i The opposite ends 81 `of the grate bars are supported upon a removable bar 86, upon which the circular ends 81 of the grate bars may be an integral are supnorted as shown in Fi s. 4 and 7;

i l a a The supporting bar 86 isslidablymounted upon lugs 87, forming an integral part of' the base 19. A vertical end wall of the base is provided with an opening having a removable plug V88, through which the supporting bar 8S may be withdrawn for allowing one bars to dropinto a'position end of the grate frein which they may be removed fronithe heater. New grate bars may beinserted into theheater in a similar manner. t Y y .Theoperation of my invention is as follows: t 1 A The dampers 50 are'opened4 when starting a new fire and closed when it is desired to direct the heat in full contact with the sectionsof the heater so that the heat will lpass through the flues 37 and 38, as shownby the arrows in Fig. 7. `The heat is directed by the flues inV `ing any one section contact with the transverse walls 21 ofthe ,sections forming. the chambers for the heat-l ing medium.-l Said chambersaregrelatively thinner than the depth of the heatgflues so that a large heating surface `is vpresented to the vchambers containing the heating medium, thus a high ratio of tained by directing the heat-into contact with the entire transverse area of the sections vadjacent to the chambers containing the heating medium. f` The sect' ons are provided with Aheaders forming inlet and outlet connections withl the chambers for the heating medium of each individual section, thuseliminating any conheating efliciency is robnection between the adjacent sections liable to cause leakage.:

Should a. leak occur in any section, the connections between the header and the `section in. which a leak occursY may be cut 'off by inserting sheets of'metaL-formi ing diaphragms betweenthe section-'andthe branch lpipes of the headers,

from the connecting headers., 'j' f The heat lues provided between the .sections of the heater have extremely long thussep-arat- Y courses of travel from the firebox` to the flue outlet lformed between' the .ribs of 'thev adjacent sections. Each section is provided with clean-out openings making, theV entire` area accessible for cleaningzpurposes; r The.

yflue j heater is of compactformation, thusoccup l Y j ing small licor spacer# Itmay be adapted. `for use in connection with any form of heating fuel and it is also adapted for use in connec` tion'with systems using steam, hot air, or hot water, as the heating medium. l. ,f f

Iclaim:

`1. A heatercomprisinga plurality -ofhollow `sections arrangedfin horizontal'` aligny ment Vthroughout the length of the heater,

each section having an upper` central portion and dependinvsymmetrical leg@V portions forming a chamber .fora heating medium, said chamberextendingtransversely rela-v tively ltothe length said-sections arranged: to abut againstthe,

of ,the heater, ribs `upon ribs of the next'adjacentsection, saidjribs i locatedfadj acent to the inner' andfouter eX-v tremities of the portions ofthe-sections dene .j

finingsaid chamber, v-saidfribs terminating belowfsaid upper central .portion forininga heat inlet opening, said ribshaving an opening vformed' therein for-ming` aheatmoutlet opening `located at the top-'of said central v portion, ribs upon' said sections forming Pa division I wall positioned midway Vsaidheat inlet'and outletyopening's, said ribs z y formingV thejdivision `wall extendingmfroni 'the' upperJ central portion ofthe Asection into each 'of the legv portions, said division *wall* terminatingin spaced relationxwith the lower ends of the legfp'ortions forming he'at fluesj y Y forfdirecting the heat from( said inlet yopen-v ,Y

ing intofthe lower endsfofgtheleg vportions and lthence to the outlet opening,and a base upon which the leg portions are mounted forming a fire box located'below saidinlet openingfi i v Q. A vheater coinprisingla plurality of holi lowy sections,arranged 'inhoriz'ontal alignf the sections arranged ment, each section having an upper central portion and depending leg portions forming la chamber forl the heating inediuinrextending transversely relatively tothe length of the heater,a base upon which the lower extremities of the leg portions are mounted, said 'base and said' sections `forming a4 lire box, ribsA upon said sections arranged to abut against the forming heat fines between the chambers'of Y the adjacent sections', said ribs surrounding the heat dues and 'terminait-ing immediately' below said upper lcentral portion forming inlet openings between the lire box and the heat fines, said 'ribs havingr openings formed therv '-k in forming iiue outlet openings located at the upper portion of said sections, ribs upon to abut Vagainstsimil-ar ribs ofthe next adjacent' section, said last 'y mentioned ribs located midway between said inlet and outlet openings and forming a divisionwallfforgdirecting the heat Yinto the downwardly depending portions Vof the sections. 1 u t K c. y. f- Y A heatercomprising aplnrality of .hol-K' -lows'ecti-'ons arranged in horizontal align-V ment,eaeh section having an upper central portion landydepending leg portions' forming a chamber `tor the heatingmedium extend` ing transversely relatively to the length of vbelow said upper central y letY (')peningsl between the lire box the heater, a base uponwhichthe lower extremities of the leg' portions are mounted, said baseand said sections formi-ng a fire box,

Y upon` lsaid sections arranged -to abut against the ribs ofthe nextadiacentsectioii forming heat nues' between the chambers of the adjacent' sections, said ribs surrounding the heat lues vand terminating immediately portionforming in# fiues, said"V ribs having 'openings formed therein formingiliie outlet openings located ,Y

Y at the upper portion of said sections, ribs inarranged to formdire'ct passagewaysgfrom Vupon the sections arranged Vto'abut 'against similarribs of the next adjacents'ection, said ,last mentionedV ribs located midvfay'between said inlet and outlet openings forming a di'- vision wall for. directing theL heatfinto the downwardly depending portions of the sections, said lastin'en'tionedribs of 4the adjacent sections having openings: formedtherethefffirejbox to said Huel outlet openings,

ribs ofthe nextfad'jacent section y said last kformed therein arranged tov form base-'and d the heat portion and'dependingleg portions forming 'a chamber' for the heating medium vextending transversely relatively to the length of; the heater, a base upon which the lower extremities of the leg base and said sections forming a-ir'e box,- ribs upon said sections arranged'- to abut against the ribs of the next adjacent section forming. heatv nues` 'between the chambers of the adjacent-sections, said ribs surrounding the heat lues and terminating immediately below said upperV central portions are mounted; said portion i formingv inlet open#VK ings between the fire box and the heatlu-espsaid ribsl having openings form-ed thereinv 'iforniing'flue outlet openings located at the upper portion of said sections', ribs' upivintheV .l `section-s 'arrangedA to abut against similar ribs of the nextadjacent section', said last` mein tioned ribs located midway between said nl let and outlet openings forming 'adiri-sionA wall for directing the heatinto the downL- wardly depending portions of the-sections Vmentioned ribs 'having v'openings sageways; from the'ire' box to said outlet direct pas'4- K n openings, Vdampers offrefract'oryiinaterial, Y

sectional clamp plates, means for securing said lclampv plates rod operatively associated withthe dampers extending without said sections arranged for p moving the dampers to Nopen or close said openings formed in the last nientioire'd,y ribs.

uponr said dampers, and a 1 5. A heater comprising a plurality oiliol?` low sectionsy arranged in horizontal aligninent, each section having'an upper central portion and depending leg portions formi-ng a chain-ber for 'the heating medium v extending transversely relatively to the length of the' heater, a base upon whichtlie lower"extreml iti'es'otv the leg portions Yare mounted, "said said sections forming a lire box, ribs upoli'said sections arranged to abut againstVv the ribs of' the vnext adJacent section iorniingj 'heat' fines between therchambers 'of the adfjracent sections, said ribs surrounding the heat ilues and terminati-ng immediatelybelow said upper central portion lfori-ning inlet openings betw'een'lthe fire' box andv thef'hfeat fln'es,`said ribs havin-gA openingsformedV therein formi lie ing fluev outlet openings located at the upper portion of said sections', ribs upon the sections arrangedto abut against similar 'ribsot the Y, next adjacent section, saidl'ast menti onedv ribs located midway between saiid'inlet and out'-` letY openingsV Y mention-ed ribs having openings stormed forming a ldivision wall for directingr the-heat into the downwardly' de-` pending' poi-tionsV of' thev sections,' saidV last" theen arranged to form direct passageways from the lire box to -saidpflue 'outlet open igs,"V damperslocated between the 'adjaoentsec--vl` tions' arranged for ,opening 'closingthe f openings formed inthe lastinentioned ribs,"f rodsattachedjto the dampers and' extending Y the to the outside of the upper-portions of' sections, andV a bar operatively associated with said rods'arranged for operating the dampers simultaneously. v f 6. A heater comprising sections of A-shape, formation forming an upper central portion land depending leg portions, a. base upon which the sections are Supported forming a Y iire box above the base between the legvpor-A tions of the sections, said sections having inlet openings located at the lower ends of the leg portions, headers located outside of said sections having branch pipes connecting the inlet openings of each leg portion, said headers located outside of said sections, said sections each having an outlet opening located at the upper central portion thereof, a header located outside of said sections having branch pipes connected with each outlet opening of said sections, said sections having ribs formed thereon, means for securing the sections together with said ribs of the adjacent sections in abutting relation and forming heat fiues between said sections defined by said ribs, said ribs having inlet openings formed g5 directly above theiire box, said ribs having flue outlet openings located at the top of the central portion of each section, a header located outside oi the sections having branch pipes connected with said flue outletropen so ings, said ribs having clean-out openings 'fr formed therein located at the lower extrem-V ities o each leg portion, removable covers upon said leg portions for closing the cleanout openings, ribs upon the sections forming division walls extending into the heat flues of said leg portions, said last mentioned ribs Y having openings formed therein through which the heat may be directed from the firebox directly to the flue outlet openings, 40 dampers located in the heat iiues between the adjacent sections, and means positioned without the sections Jfor operating the dampers for openin and closing the openings formed in the ri s Jforming the division walls.

4 5 ln testimony whereof I aiix my signature.

- EARL D. SILVER.

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