US651098A - Door check and spring. - Google Patents

Description

No. 65|,098. Patented lune 5, |900.

, V. BEAUREGARD.

D003 CHECK ANDv SPRING.'

(Application led May 29, 1899.)

(No Model.)

1H: Norms PETERS co. PNoTaufuo WASHINGTON. u, r.

NiTED STATES AlFATENT EEICE'.

'vICToR BEAUREGARD, oE'EoSToN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASsrGNoR or ONE- HALE To CHARLES S. CooDINC, or BRooKLiNE, MASSACHUSETTS.

DOOR CHECK AND SPRING.

lSISE'CI'FICATI'ou forming part of Letters Patent No. 651,098, dated June 5, ieoo.

Application led May 29,1899. Serial No. 7183745. (No model.)

vTo all wit/m t may concern:

Be it known that 1,-VICToR BEAUREGARD, a citizen of the United States,y residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented'new and useful Improvements in Door Checks and Springs, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class or type of pneumatic door checks and springs Wherero in a cylinder is pivotally connected at one' end and contains a piston having a pistonrod connected through intermediate devices with the door and by intermeshing gear with a spring contained Within a barrel or casing. In prior door-,checks ofthis character the gears must turn on their pivot-bearings or ing so much frictionfrom the lateral or side pressure referred to as to render the device practically inoperative, due to excessive fric- 30 tion.

The chief objects of my invention are to improve, simplify, and render more econom- 'ical the character of door checks and springs Vreferred to and to provide a novel construction wherein the springhas no direct working connection with the piston-rod, whereby friction on the piston and piston-rod is red-uced to the minimum without regard to the power or strength of the spring required and '4'o`the door check and spring are rendered more easy, effective, reliable, and satisfactory in practical operation and can be used on either a right or left hand door.

To accomplis-h these objects, my invention involves the features of construction, the combination or arrangement of parts, and the principles of operation hereinafter described' Vand claimed, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in Which- 5o Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved 'shown partly in section.

and holder 14 constitute a movable connectdoor-check, showing the same attached to a door and door-casing in the position assumed by the check when the door is closed. Fig.

2 is a similar View showing the position assumed by the check when the door isopened part way or to an angle of nearly ninety degrecs, the cylinder being broken away and Fig. 3 is a front elevation of my improved check attached to a door and door-casing. Fig. 4 is a detached 6o front elevation of the spring-casing, bracket, V and cylinder-holder with the cylinder removed and the piston-rod in section. Fig. 5

is a vertical sectional elevation on line 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is ahorizontal section through 65 the cylinder and spring-casing, taken on the line 6 6, Fig. 4. Fig.. 7 is an elevation of a modified form of bracket.

In the drawings, 1 iS a pneumatic cylinder having a cap 2 soldered or brazed thereon, a 7o screw 3 tapped into the cap 2, and a washer 4 to regulate the size of the opening through which the air is expelled from I(he cylinder when the door is closing, as hereinafter set forth. An adjustable link 5 is pivoted at one 75 end, at 6, to the cap 2 and at the other end, at 7, to the bracket 8, said bracket 8 being shown fastened by screws 9 to the door-casing 10. The cylinder 1 is screw-threaded at 11 and is screwed into a hole at 12, tapped 8o into the cylindrical boss 13, formedupon the holder 14. Said holder 14 has a cylindrical ,projection 15 formed upon its under side and constructed with a bore or hole 16, whereby `the projection is adapted to [it and turn freely upon the vertical hollow bearing 17 of the cylindrical spring-casing 18. Said bearing 17 is cylindrical upon its outside and has a square hole 19 extending vertically and 1ongitudinally through said bearing to receive a 9o square pin or stud 20, formed upon or attached to supporting-bracket 21, said bracket being shown fastened by screws 22 to the door 23. The spring-casing 18'is held stationary upon the bracket 21 by the square '95 stud 20. Said casing has gear-teleth 24 cast upon its outer surface or perimeter, said gear meshing the rack 25, out in the piston-rod 26.

It will be evident that the cylinder 1,.cap 2,

ing-link between the adjustable swing-link 5 on the door-frame and the supporting-bracket 2l on the door, and since the spring-casing 18 and its gear-teeth 24 are constantly held in a stationary position with relation to the supporting-bracket there will be no increase of friction on the piston and pistou-rod in the operation of the device, as there is no actual Working connection of the spring in the casing with the piston and piston-rod, and the piston-rod travels in a circular path around the fixed gear. In practice it has been dein onstrated that by this construction and operation the piston and piston-rod are constantly free from lateral or side pressure and friction.

A piston 27, consisting of a metal disk 28 and leather washer 29, is fastened to the piston-rod by the nut 30. When the piston 27 is drawn back in the cylinder l to its full throw, as shown in Fig. 6, the gear 24 and rack 25 are cut away on the pitch-line in the ordinary manner of constructingintermittent gearing, so that any farther opening of the door will not move the piston in the cylinder. A flat helical spring 31 is inelos'ed in the spring-casing 18, one end bearing against or fast to the casing and the other end turned in to engage one of the slots 32 in the cylindrical projection 15 upon the cylinder-holder 1t. The tension of the spring can be regulated by placing the end in different slots 32.

It is evident that instead of a fiat helical spring a torsional spiral spring of wire could be employed to perform the same function as the flat spring, and in this case the tension on the spring could be varied by placing one end thereof in holes drilled in the top ot' the holder 14 at distances apart corresponding to the slots A washer 33 and split pin 3l serve to hold the spring-casing and other parts upon the stud 20.

The operation of the device is as follows: As the dooris opened from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2 the piston is caused to travel lengthwise of the cylinder 1 on account of the relative change in the position of the cylinder 1 and cylinder-holder 14 in relation to the door and to the gear 24, it being understood that the gear bears at all times a fixed position upon the bracket 21. When the door is closing, the piston will be moved in the opposite direction in the cylinder and the air compressed, checking the door and preventing slamming. By screwing up on the regulating-screw 3 the time required for the compressed air to escape from the cylinder 1 as the dooris closing may beincreased and the door caused to close very slowly, and vice versa.

Itwill be seen that by placing the gear-teeth upon the outside of the spring-casing 1S the following advantages are secured: First, the teeth of the gear 24 can be cast without adding to the expense of the spring-casing; sec` ond, the gear-teeth being placed outside theI casing secure the quick opening of the piston when the door is first opened-a feature which is essential in a pneumatic check, and, third, the cylinder is practically at right angles to the door when the latter is near its closing-point, and thus the greatest checking efficiency is secured.

It will be noted that the cylindrical boss 13 is so arranged in relation to the rest of the cylinder-holder 14 that when the parts of the device are assembled the center line of the cylinder 1 is midway between t-he top and bottom of the spring-casing 18. The object of this construction is to adapt the check for use on a right or left hand door and on the hinge side or on the side opposite thereto.

In the drawings I have shown the check applied to a righthand door on the hinge side To adapt the check for use on a left-hand door on the hinge side, the only change necessary would be to remove the split pin SLL and washer 33 lift the check off the square stud 20, invert it, replace it on the stud 20, and replace the split pin and washer. This can be done without wrench, screw-driver, or other tools. To adapt the check for use upon doors on the side opposite the hinges, I provide a bracket 35, Fig. 7, and screw it to the under side of the casing. The bracket S is secured to the door instead of the casing, and the check is placed in the reverse position to that which it would occupy upon the hinge side of the same door. It will thus be seen that without taking the check apart it can be placed upon the bracket Sor upon the bracket 35, so as to lit a right or left hand door and inside or outside of said doors, as may be desired. This is a very important and valuable feature of my invention, as it enables the check to be sold by the hardware trade for any door by inclosing both brackets 8 and 35 with the check. y

It is evident that the piston 27 and pistonrod 2G might be removed and the device used as a reversible door-closin g mechanism, or the spiral spring 3l might be removed and tho device used as a doorfchecking mechanism without departing from the spirit of my invention.

It will be seen and understood that there is absolutely no side strain upon the piston and piston-rod when the door is being checked,-

thus eliminating friction and wear upon said parts and also upon the cylinder l. The checking strain is transmitted through the piston and piston-rod to the fixed spring-casing through the gear-teeth upon said pistonrod and casing.

It will be seen that the herein-described check does not require accuracy or nicety either in its construction or in setting it up and that the Wearing parts would last for a great many years, with the exception of the leather washer 29, which can be easily replaced when worn out by unscrewing the cylinder 1 from the holder 14, unscrewing the nut 30 from the piston-rod 26, and replacing the worn-out washer with a new one, when IIO the check will b'e as good as new. This can be performed by any one without the use of tools and at a me'rely nominal expense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a pneumatic door-check, a pneumatic cylinder, one end pivotally connected to a supporting-bracket adapted to be attached to a door or door-casing, the other end pivotally connected to a link adapted to be attached to a door-casing or door, in combination with a piston, a piston-rod constructed with a rack along its length, and a gear held constantly stationary with relation to said supportingbracket during the action of the check and directly engaging the rack on the piston-rod.

2. In a pneumatic door-check, a pneumatic cylinder one end pivotally connected to a supporting-bracket adapted to be attached to a door or door-casing, the other end pivotally connected to a link adapted to be attached to a door-casing or door, in combination with a piston, a piston-rod constructed with a rack along its length, and a gear held stationary with relation to said supporting-bracket, in-

termittingly engaging directly with said rack,

and about the center of which the rack travels.

3. In a pneumatic door-check, a pneumatic cylinder, one end pivotally connected to a su pporting-bracket adapted to be attached to a door or door-casing, the other end pivotally connected to a link adapted to be attached to a door-casing or door, in combination with a piston, a piston-rod provided with a rack, a spring-casing c onstructed externally with a gear exten-ding partially around its circumference and meshing with the rack, and means for holding the said spring-casing and gear in a fixed position on said bracket during the operation ot' the check.

4. In a pneumatic door-check, the combination of a supporting-bracket, a spring-casing constructed externally with a gear, a spring in the casing, means for holding said casing constantly in a stationary position on said bracket, a cylinder, a link pivoted to one end of the cylinder, and a piston having a piston-rod constructed along its length with a rack meshing with and adapted to travel around the stationary gear of said springcasing as the door opens and closes.

5. In a pneumatic door-check, a pneumatic cylinder, one end pivotally connected to a link, said link adapted to be pivotally connected to a door-casing or door, the other end of said cylinder pivotally connected to a bracket adapted to be attached to a door or door-casing, a piston and piston-rod, a rack fast to said piston-rod, and a non-rotatable gear meshing said rack in combination with a spring, one end of said spring connected with the cylinder, the other with the bracket to which said cylinder is pivoted.

6. A reversible door-closing mechanism, comprising in its construction a pair of links pivoted together, one of said links adapted to be pivotally connected to a door-casing or door, the second link pivoted to a reversible spring-casing, a spring one end connected to said spring-casing, and the other end to said second link, and a bracket on which said spring-casing is detachably and reversibly mounted, substantially as described for the purpose speciiied.

7. A reversible door checking and closing mechanism comprising in its construction a pneumatic cylinder, one end pivotally connected to a link, said link adapted to be pivotally connected to a door-casing or door, the other end of said cylinder fast to a holder pivotally connected to a spring-casing, a spring one end connected to said holder and the other end to said casing, a piston and piston-rod, mechanism for moving said piston in said cylinder, and a bracket adapted to be attached to a door or door-casin g and on which said spring-casing is detachably and reversibly mounted.

8. A reversible door checking and closing mechanism, comprising in its construction a pneumatic cylinder, one end pivotallyconnected to a link, said link adapted to be pivotally connected to a door-casing or door, the other end ot said cylinder fast to a holder pivotally connected to a springcasing, a

spring one end connected to said holder and the other end to said casing, a piston and piston-rod, a rack extending along the length of said piston-rod, a non-rotatable gear meshing said rack, and a bracket on which said spring-casing is detachably and reversibly mounted.

9. A pneumatic door-check, comprising-in its construction a pneumatic cylinder, one end pivotally connected to a link adapted to be pivotally connected to a door-casing or door, the other end of said cylinder fast to a holder 14 pivotally connected to a spring-casing 18, so constructed and arranged that the center line ot' the pneumatic cylinder is in a horizontal plane substantially midway between the top and bottom of said spring-casing, and a supporting-bracket on whichsaid spring-casing is detachably and reversibly mounted, substantially as described for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VICTOR BEAUREGARD. Witnesses:

CHARLES S. GOODING, SYDNEY E. TAFT.

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