US649503A - Press for oleaginous substances. - Google Patents

Description

No. 649,503. Patented May l5, I900. G. W. ZODER & W. P. HAYNE.

PRESS FOR ULEAGINUUS SUBSTANCES.

(Application filed Aug, 31, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I- .TNE norms PETERS ca. Puma-Limo \VASNWGYON. u. c,

Patentedlay I5; i909.

G. W. ZODEB &. W. P". HAYNE. PRESS FDR OLEAGINOUS SU BSTAIICES.

(Application filed Aug. 31, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-$he0t 2,

WmIW/I UNiTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W. ZODER, OF ALEXANDRIA, AND XVILLIAM P. HAYNE, OF BOYCE, LOUISIANA.

PRESS FOR OLEAGINOUS SUBSTANCES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 649,503, dated May 15, 1900.

Application filed August 31, 1899.

so all whom it may con-corn.-

Be it known that we, GEORGE XV. ZODER, of Alexandria, and WILLIAM P. HAYNE, of Boyce, in the parish of Rapides and State of Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Presses for Oleaginous Substances; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to improvements in presses designed particularly for expressing oil from cotton-seed meal and similar substances-such, for instance, as flaxseed or linseedone of the objects of the invention being to facilitate the handling of the substance from which the oil is expressed not only prior and subsequent to the actual pressing operation, but during the actual pressing operation, whereby a greater quantity may be pressed at each operation and whereby a saving in time, labor, and materials (particularly the destructible elements-i. 6., the haircloth or mats) is effected.

A further object of the invention is to avoid any unnecessary waste or cooling of the material prior to the pressing operation and to provide for a more thorough and uniform compression of the cake, particularly the edges or marginal portions thereof.

The invention consists in certain novel details of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts, all as will be now described, and pointed out particularly in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a-vertical section, partly in elevation and partly diagrammatic, of a plant embodying our present improvements designed particularly for pressing cottonseed meal. Fig. 2 is a detail vertical section through the press-box. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of one of the division-plates.

Like letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

Power for the pressing operation in the present apparatus, like other and well-known apparatus of similar character, is preferably derived from a hydraulic press, having a ram Serial No. 729,117. (No model.)

working into the press box or chamber, and by reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the letter A indicates the cylinder of the hydraulic ress arran ed verticall and havin above it a press-chamber supported by uprights A, connected at their lower ends with the upper end of the cylinder A and at their upper ends passing through and supporting horizontal frames B B, between which the press-box proper is mounted. The frames B B are preferably heavy metallic frames made substantially rectangular, the lower one, B, having a central aperture ofsubstantially the same or slightly-larger diameter than the mouth of the press-box, and both frames have recesses b in their adjacent faces forthe reception of vertical bars 0, arranged edgewisc in said recess and constituting the retainingwalls of the press-box. These vertical bars 0 are preferably of metal and are spaced apart by blocks 0 at top and bottom a sufficient distance to form oil-channels, through which the oil from the material compressed in the press-box may escape and flow downwardly. The press-box is preferably lined with metal plates 0, secured to the bars 0 by countersunk bolts 0, said plates 0' being, however, provided with vertically-arranged rows of perforations or apertures 0 corresponding in location to the spaces or oilchannels between the bars 0. The said perforations c are perfectly conical or tapered,

with the smaller openings toward the interior of the press-chambe1n Thus they will readily clear themselves of any obstructions which may enter through their smaller ends, and at the same time the danger of meal or the oleaginous substance escaping is reduced to the minimum. To prevent any possible bulging or springing of the walls of the presschamber at the center, the chamber at this point is preferably encircled by a confining band or tie D, which may be provided with means, such as a bolt 01, for adjusting its tension, if so desired. The bottom frame B of the press-chamber is preferably formed with a channel B extending around the base of the press-chamber and constituting a trough for catching the oil running down in the channels between the bars 0, which oil may be conducted away through a pipe I) to any suitable receiver. (Notshown.) In operation the oleaginous substance is adapted to be fed into the lower end of the press-box, and the pressure for expressing the oil is supplied through an upwardly-workin g ram, and in order to facilitate the feeding of the substance to the press-box and the pressing of the same therein the lower end of the press-box is preferably located a short distance above the floor-level and provided with a downward extension or receiving projection E, adapted to register with a charging-box or traveler F, supported in a frame or carrier F running on tracks G, extending in a horizontal direction or transversely of the line of the presschamber. This traverser or charging-box is adapted to be reciprocated back and forth on the tracks G by means of a piston working in a power cylinder G, to which pressure may be admitted through pipe 9 from a valve g, controlled by a lever G so as to admit pressure to one or the other of the ends of said cylinder or to cut off the pressure to both of said ends and thereby arrest the movement of the charging-box. As before stated, the charging-box F is adapted to register with the press-chamber, and when at the opposite extreme of its movement it is adapted to register with the lower end of a hopper H for containin g. the bulk of oleaginous substance, and during the travel of the charging-box the lower end of the hopper is closed or the oleaginous substance prevented from escaping therefrom by a flat plate or table F, attached to and adapted to move in unison with the said box and of sufficient length to allow the charging-box to move from the hopper to the press-case. Within the charging-box brackets or supports f are formed, upon which suitable division-plates or partitions may be placed, such partitions conforming in size to the internal size of the charging-box and press-chamber, respectively, and within the lower end of the press-chamber yielding retainers or supports 6 are provided. In the preferred construction these retainers are in the form of pivoted pawls mounted in bearings e and adapted to be controlled by handles 6 whereby they may be thrown into or out of operative position, as shown in Fig. 1, on the right and left hand sides, respectively. From the foregoing it will be seen that when the charging-box F is moved into position beneath the hopper after one of the partitions have been placedin the said box it will be filled with the oleaginous substance, and when it is advanced to a position beneath the press-chamber and in registry therewith the said partition maybe pushed upwardly, carrying with it the charge of oleaginous substance, and will be retained within the lower end of the press-chamber by the retainers e, and with a view to performing the feeding or charging operations as near as may be automatically and with little or no effort on the part of the attendant we provide a means whereby the charging-box will be arrested automatically when in position beneath the hopper or when in position beneath the press chamber or when in an intermediate position where a partition may be inserted, and we further provide a relatively-light charging press and ram which may be operated quickly for pushing each of the charges in succession upwardly into the press-chamber. These mechanisms are shown in Fig. 1, and by reference to this figure it will be seen that in the cylinder A a ram or plunger I is provided, and the said ram I constitutes a cylinder in which a simi lar and centrally-arranged ram K is adapted to work, and upon the upper end of the latter is mounted the movable platen K for performing the charging and pressing operation. The ram I in its movements is adapted to establish the connection with the pressure-supply pipe for operating the inner ram K, and in the preferred construction in order to accomplish this result the lower end of the cylinder A is provided with a valve-seat a in communication with a pressure-supply pipe ct, and the ram I is provided with a tubular plug 0?, having a conical end adapted to seat in the seat a when the ram I is at the lowermost extreme of its movements, thereby putting the pipe Ct into direct communication with the internal cylinder for the ram K. The pipe a has branches extending to pressure and discharge through pressure and discharge valves a a, respectively, and these valves are controlled by a cam a having a handle a or similar contrivance for enabling them to be manually controlled with certainty and with a minimum of labor on the part of the attendant. Vith this arrangement pressure may be admitted to the inner cylinder for operating the charging plunger or ram when the charging-box is in proper position beneath the press-chamber, and the attendant having hold of the handle a can control said plunger with rapidity and ease. The valve g for controlling the admission and exhausting of the pressure to the charging-box operating cylinder G is of any ordinary type, with the ports and passages so arranged as that when the lever G is in an intermediate position of adjustment the charging-box will be arrested in its movement, and when in the arrangement shown the lever is thrown to the lefthand extremity of its movement pressure will be admitted to the inner end of the cylinder for withdrawing the charging-box from its advanced position beneath the press-chamber, and when said lever is at the right-hand extreme of its movement pressure will be admitted to the outer end of the cylinder G for advancing the charging-box into its position beneath the press-chamber, and in order to arrest the charging-box at the three positions before indicated the frame F is provided with two adjustable but relatively-fixed stops M M and intermediate adjustable pivoted stop M all of which stops are adapted to cooperate with the lever G to move it into its intermediate position. In the preferred construcmaterial, up into the press-chamber.

tion and in order to release said lever from its engagement with the said stops it is provided with a pin N, with which the stops contact, and a controlling-handle N for said pin,which may be manually operated for withdrawing the pin out of contact with the stops.

In operation now, assuming that the hopper His filled with the heated oleaginous substance from which the oil is to be expressed and the charging-box F is at an intermediate position between the press-case and hopper, a partition 0 is dropped into the charging-box by the attendant and the handle or lever Gr moved to the left. This will admit pressure to the cylinder G, causing the charging-box to move back beneath the hopper H and bringing the stop M into contact with the pin N, whereby the said lever G is again returned to its intermediate position and the charging-box arrested in its movement when it has reached a position directly beneaththe hopper. The charging-box having been filled, the lever G is drawn back to the right, thereby causing the charging-box to advance into position beneath the press-chamber, and during its travel the intermediate stop M will ride over the pin N; but the stop M will contact with said pin and return the lever to its intermediate position just as the chargingbox registers with the press-chamber. The attendant noting that the charging-box has reached its position then operates the valve for admitting pressure to the charging-cylinder, causing the plunger K to rise and force the partition, with the charge of oleaginous This having been accomplished and the chargingplunger again dropped to normal position, the attendant moves the lever G to the left, starting the charging-box on its return movement. This movement will continue until the pivoted stop ll/l contacts with the pin N on the lever G and moves the lever back to its upright position, thereby arresting the charging-box at an intermediate point in its travel or at a point between the hopper and press-chamber. The attendant may then insert another partition, and freeing the lever G from the stop M by withdrawing the pin N he moves the said lever to the right again, when the same sequence of operations before described is performed. The press-chamber having been filled with the charges of oleaginous material and intermediate partitions, the charging-box is allowed to remain retracted and pressure is admitted to the cylinder A through a pressure-supply pipe P, thereby advancing the ram I and plunger K with a power proportionate to the diameter of the ram and pressure supplied through the pipe P to express the oil from the substance contained in the chamber. The oil trickling down into the trough B is, as before stated, carried off to any suitable receiver through the pipe B The pressing operations having been completed, the ram I is allowed to drop to its normal position, and the oil-cake is dis charged from the press-chamber, preferably by a downwardlyacting platen R, which forms the fixed abutment during the pressing operation and which is attached to a ram R, working in a cylinder S, arranged above the press-chamber, but adapted to receive pressure through a supply-pipe s.

In order to facilitate the discharge of the oil-cake and partitions, the press-chamber is preferably made slightly tapering-that is to say, of slightly-larger internal diameter at the bottom than at the topand during the discharging period the pawls or retainers e are preferably turned out, as indicated at the left-hand side in Fig. 1, so as to prevent any possible interference with the partitions or oilcake.

The partitions or division-plates are employed between the successive charges of oleaginous substance in order to equalize the pressure thereon and to express the oil from the edges as well as the central portion, and in the preferred construction they are substantially rigid and are formed with oil-channels extending away through from side to side of the press-chamber and registering with the lines of apertures c in the side walls of the press-chamber. In forming these partitions or division-plates we prefer to form them in sections T T, in the adjacent or meeting faces of which sections channels or grooves t are formed by planing or otherwise, and when the sections are secured together these channelsz register and form passages opening out at the edges of the partitionor division-plate. For admitting the oil to the channels 15 each of the sections is provided with a series of apertures 15, preferably fiarin g or enlarging toward the center, similar to the apertures c in the lining of the press-chamber, and in order still further to exclude the oleaginous substance from the passages i each face of the plate is covered with haircloth or like material U, which may be retained in place by marginal strips u, fastened to the plates by screws or similar fastenings. The haircloth being drawn over a flat surface is held straight and there is comparatively little strain thereon. Consequently its life is much prolonged, and the usual expense incident to renewing the mats in expressing operations is avoided.

The partitions or division-plates, it will be understood, are preferably employed with relatively-small charges of material between them, and consequently the press-chamber may be made very much longer than. heretofore, so as to accommodate a much larger quantity of material, and at the same time the whole bulk of material will be subjected to a uniform and effective pressure for the extraction of the oil.

Obviously any of the usual forms of valve mechanism for controlling the admission of pressure to the pipes P and S may be used, and such devices forming no part of the present invention are not illustrated herein, nor

is it essential that hydraulic pressure be employed, inasmuch as it is obvious that any liquid or vapor pressure may be utilized with the mechanism illustrated.

Having thus described our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an oil-press the combination with the press-chamber, and hydraulic press arranged in line therewith, of a transversely-movable charging-box having a diameter coextensive with the diameter of the press-chamber, working between the press-chamber and hydraulic press and adapted to register with said presschamber when in one position of adjustment for permitting the passage of the press-platen to force its contents into said chamber and a hopper with which said charging-box registers when in a different position of adjustment, for filling; substantially as described.

2. In an oi1-press the combination with a press-chamber, and a hydraulic press arranged in line therewith, of a transverselymovable charging-box working between the press-chamber and hydraulic press and having a diameter coextensive with the diameter of and adapted to register with said pressohamber to permit the passage of the pressplaten, a hopper with which said chargingbox is also adapted to register, and a cut-off or plate moved by the charging-box for closing the hopperwhen the charging-box is out of registry therewith; substantially as described.

3. In an oil-press, the combination with the press-chamber, the hydraulic press arranged in line therewith and means for supplying pressure to said hydraulic press, of a transversely-movable charging-box having a diameter coextensive with the presschamber mounted in ways and moving between the press-chamber and hydraulic press and permitting the passage of the press-platen when in registry with the chamber; substantially as described.

4:. In an oil-press, the combination with the press-chamber having its receiving end downward, the vertically=arranged upwardlyavorking hydraulic press beneath said press-chamber and means for supplying pressure thereto, of the horizontally-movable charging-box traveling between said press-chamber and hydraulic press so as to register with the pressehamber and a hopper for supplying material to said charging-box; substantially as described.

5. In a hydraulic press, the combination with the vertically-arranged press-chamber having its receiving end downward and hydraulic press in alinement with and below the same, of the horizontally-movable chargingbo'x working between the press-chamber and press having an opening therethrough of greater diameter than the press-platen and a pressure cylinder or motor for advancing and retracting said charging-box; substantially as described.

6. In an oil-press, the combination with the press-chamber vertically arranged, with its receiving end downward and a hyd raulic'press having a movable platen working in aline ment with the press-chamber and adapted to move into and out of the receiving end of the press-chamber, of the charging-box movably working between the press-chamber and removable platen and having an opening through the same for the passage of the platen; substantially as described.

7 In an oil-press, the combination with the vertically-arranged press-case with its receiving end downward, the hydraulic press having a movable platen working in alinement with the press-chamber and adapted to move into and out of the receiving end of the presschamber, of the charging-box working between the said press-case and platen, the supply-hopper and means for moving said charging-box into and out of alinement with the said hopper and press-case respectively; substantially as described.

8. In an oil-press, the combination with the press-case and hydraulic press arranged in alinement therewith, of a charging-box movable into and out of registry with the presscase, a hopper for. supplying material to said press-box, a motor for moving said box, a valve controlling said motor, end stops for controlling said valve to arrest the box at each extreme of its travel and an intermediate stop for controlling said valve to arrest the box at an intermediate point for the re ception of a partition or division plate; substantially as described.

9. In an oil-press, the combination with the press-chamber, the hydraulic press arranged in alinement therewith, and the transverselymovable charging-box movable into and out of registry with said press-case, of a pressuremotor for moving the box, a valve controlling said motor, end stops controlling said valve to arrest the movement of the box at each extreme, and a pivoted intermediate step for arresting the movement of the box at an intermediate point when moving reversely substantially as described.

10. In an oil-press, the combination with the press-case and hydraulic press arranged in alinement therewith, of the transverselymovable charging-box, the pressure-motor controlling the movement of the same, a valve controlling said motor, stops movable with the box for controlling said valve and a movable pin with which said stops cooperate whereby the valve may be released from engagement with the stops for manual operation; substantially as described.

11. In an oil-press, the combination with the pressing mechanism, of a press-chamber having top and bottom frames, intermediate bars having their ends recessed into said frames and with their edges toward the inte- IIO rior of the press-cha1nber, spacers for separating said bars and a liner having alternating foraminous and non-foraminous sections and with the forarninous sections opposite the spaces between the bars; substantially as described.

12. In an oil-press the combination with the top frame, vertical bars having their upper ends recessed into said frame and a liner, of the bottom frame having recesses for the reception of the lower ends of said bars, spacers between the lower ends of the bars and a channel formed in the upper surface of the bottom frame and extending around the lower end of said bars; substantially as described.

13. In an oil-press, the combination with the press-case having vertical oil-channels therein, of partitions or division-plates having transverse oil-channels corresponding in number to and registering at the ends with the oil-channels in the press-case; substantially as described.

14. In an oil-press, the combination with a press-case, rectangular in cross-section and having longitudinally-arranged oil-channels in its walls, of partitions or division-plates having internal transverse passages opening out in all four of its edges and adapted to register with the oil-channels of the side walls of the press-case substantially as described.

15. A division-plate or partition for oil presses formed of plates having their proxi- 'mate faces channeled to form oil-passages with perforations through said plates for the passage of oil into said channels and a fibrous covering for preventing the entry of oleaginous materialinto the perforations; substantially as described.

16. A partition or division-plate for oilpresses formed of plates secured together and having their proximate faces channeled or grooved to form oil-passages With perforations through said plates for the passage of oil, fibrous material mounted on said plates to prevent the entry of oleaginous material into said perforations and marginal strips for retaining said fibrous material in place; substantially as described;

GEO. ,W. ZODER. WILLIAM I. IIAYNE. \Vitnesses:

A. P. WILLIAM, G. T. RAINS.

Images