US643738A

US643738A - Ditching apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US643738A
Application number: US71109299A
Authority: US
Inventors: John T Baxter; Samuel H Baxter
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1899-03-30
Filing date: 1899-03-30
Publication date: 1900-02-20
Anticipated expiration: 1917-02-20

Description

No. 643,738. Patented Feb. 20, |900.

J. T. & S. H. BAXTER.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application led Mar. 30, 1899.)

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No. 643,738. Patented Feb. 20, |900. J. T. & S. H. BAXTER.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Mar. 30, 1899.) (No Model.) n 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Feb. 20, |900. J. T. S. H. BAXTER.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Mar. 30, 1899.1

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DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application led Mar. 30, 1899!, (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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No. 643,738. Patented Feb. 2o, |900.

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ANiTnD STATES PATENT Brice.

JOHN T. BAXTER AND SAMUEL H. BAXTER, OF JACKSON, TENNESSEE.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 643,738, dated February 20, 1900.

Application fil ed March 3 0, l. 8 9 9.

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN T. BAXTER and SAMUEL H. BAXTER, citizens of the United States, residing at Jackson, in the county of Madison and State of Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Ditching Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a ditching apparatus and is intended, primarily, for use upon railroads; and the object of the invention is to provide an efiicient machine of this character which is operable to ditch and remove large quantities of earth and to convey the same away from the place of excavation and deposit it at preselected points along the track, and the apparatus can be driven in opposite directions either for plowing np the earth or for scooping up or excavating the same when loosened up by the plow, and as a means for securing the maximum amount of work we prefer to employ two scoops, one being located upon each side of the car.

The apparatus includes in its construction a car which maybe of any suitable type or pattern; but we prefer to employ a Hat-car, the platform of which constitutes a convenient deck for sustaining the hoisting mechanism and derrick, and in connection with said car an earth-excavating device, drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, and driving mechanism for the drums, controlled by the movement of the car, and in the present case the drums are driven by means of suitable connections from one of the axles, so that when the car is moved forward the axle will serve to rotate the drums, whereby the chains can be wound thereon for the purpose of elevating the excavating device, which consists, preferably, of a scoop. The mechanism j ust set forth ispreferabl y d uplicated at opposite ends of the car, by reason of which we can secure a very large amount of work. The drums, to which allusion has been made, are independently operative, and they can be individually connected with the driving mechanism, so as to wind one or more of the chains thereupon for changing the position of the excavating devices or scoops-that is, by winding predetermined lengths of the chains upon the proper drums the scoops can be tilted.

Serial No. 711,092. (No model.)

The apparatus involves as another feature two arms located uponV the car at suitable points in its length and which arms carry guiding means, such as pulleys, over which the chains connecting a scoop with the winding-dru ms pass, and one of these arms is mounted to be raised and lowered, it occupying when in use a substantially-horizontal position; but when the position of the car is changed from one section of the road to another this arm is elevated, so that it cannot come in contact with obstructions. The other arm of the two is mounted to turn upon the car, so that when the latter is moved from one Iield of operation to another this arm can be shifted to a position between the opposite longitudinal edges of the car, where it will be out of the way. This turning-arm is preferably carried by a turn-table, which can be rotated by operative connections with one of the axles of the car, it being thrown into action with the axle by coupling mechanism within the control of an attendant, and the arm which is raised and lowered and which cooperates with said turning-arm can be elevated by means of power derived from the axle, from which it will be seen that no time need be lost in changing the positions of the arms when it is desired to transport the car from one section of a road to another.

In connection with the car a plow or plows will be provided, and when said plows are employed they can be united to the chains which are connected to the drums, and they serve to loosen up the earth upon opposite sides of the track when the car is moved forward or backward along said track, thereby minimizing the work to be done by the scoops.

Itis not essential that the mechanism be mounted upon a car, for it will be obvious that other conveyances can be employed to equal advantage for sustaining the hoisting, driving, and other mechanisms, nor is it necessary that chains be employed for connecting the hoistin g-dru ms with the'scoops. This term chain is employed simply to include generically all kinds of instrumentalities for effecting the elevation or tilting of the scoops by means of therotary winding-drums.

With these ends in View the invention consists in the novel combination of elements and in the construction and arrangement of ICO parts, which will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

To enable others to understand the invention, We have illustrated the preferred embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a ditching apparatus constructed in accordance with our invention and showing one of the scoops in its lowermost position or that assumed when the car is moved forward for taking up the soil. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the apparatus, showing both the scoops in their lowermost position. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal central section, on an enlarged scale, of portions of the car and other parts being removed. Fig. 5 is a transverse central section. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the housing mechanism at one end of the car. Fig. 7 is a sectional front view of a portion of the mechanism for turning the derrick. Figs. 8 to l1, inclusive, are detail views of the plow mechanism. Fig. 12 is a detail side elevation of a part of a car-platforln, showing one of the plows in working position.

Like characters denote like and corresponding parts in each of the several figures of the drawings.

We prefer to mount the different parts of the apparatus upon a car, which may be of any suitable kind, but which is represented as being of the flat type, and the same is denoted by C, and its platform 2 serves as a suitable instrumentality foi sustaining the hoisting, driving, and other mechanisms. The platform is mounted upon the trucks T and T', each carrying wheels adapted to travel upon the usual rails, and the axles 3 of the truck T serve to drive one of the sets of hoisting devices while the axles 4 of the truck T are operable for actuating the other set of hoisting devices, although 0f course other mechanism might be employed for effecting these results. The means for conveying the motion from the axles to the hoisting mechanism may be of any desired class; but we have represented and will hereinafter more particularly describe one sort.

The apparatus includes in its organization a derrick, which is represented as consisting of a Vertical mast or timber 5, to the lower end and opposite faces of which the angular arms 6 are secured, saidarms extending upwardly and outwardly and their upper extremities being located during the ditching operation at some distance out from the car. The derrick-arms 6 are connected at their up per ends by the brace-rods 7 with the mast or upright 5, which serves as an aid in maintaining the rigid relation between the arms and mast of the derrick. The mast or upright 5 rises from the turn-table 8, (shown as consisting of a plate of circular form,) supported Within the annular wall 9, rising from the disk 10, which is fastened to the upper side of the platform, and this turn-table will, in practice, travel upon antifrictionrollers, which insure the easy action of the same. This turn-table, as will hereinafter appear, will be operated by power derived from one of the axles of the car, and it will be apparent that as it moves about its axis from the position represented in Fig. 3 the mast 5 will be turned, thereby making the arms 6 shiftable and adapting them to be swung inward until they are disposed substantially midway between the opposite longitudinal edges of the platform, this operation being pursued when it is desired to transport the car to a new field.

The arms 6, which extend oppositely from the mast or upright 5, constitute means for supporting 4certain of the winding chains which are connected with the scoops, while independent arms supported at the opposite ends of the car are adapted to carry the other winding chains, four of these chains being shown as employed and two being united to each scoop at the opposite ends of the latter. The arms last mentioned are denoted by 12, and they are disposed in pairs at opposite ends of the platform and extend oppositely and outwardly therefrom, and theyare hinged at their inner ends to the plates 14, vbolted or otherwise secured to the car-platform. These hinged arms when the apparatus is in action extend outwardly horizontally from the car and, as before stated, they carry certain of the chains which are connected to the scoops, and they are adapted, when the car is to be shifted,to be elevated until they occupy a substantially vertical or upright position, so that they can thereby clear any obstructionssuch as water-tanks, signal-posts, and the likealong the track. These hinged arms are braced by means of the angular rods 15, fixed thereto near their outer ends and having bent-over portions to receive the pivots 16, which are carried by the annular Wall 9, and the pivots in turn are strengthened by the cross-bars 17, fitted over the ends of the same. When the main jointed arms 12 are elevated, the brace-rods 15, which extend angularly therefrom, will be simultaneously lifted by reason of their pivotal connection with the wall 9.

The scoops are designated by S and S', and they are located at oppositesides of the car and are connected each by a pair of chains with a pair of independently-operative hoisting-drums. The scoops consist of bottom plates 1S,having upturned flangesfor walls 19, joined at the rear by the wall or flange 20, from which it will be seen that the scoops are open at their fronts, so that the earth can freely pass into the same as they are drawn forward with the car, and they are provided along their front edge with a series of fingers or claws which facillitate their action upon the earth.

The hoisting mechanism involves two pairs of drums located, respectively, at the opposite IIO ends of the car and the respective members of which are denoted by 22 and 23, and to two of these drums 22 the chains 24 are connected, said chains running over the pulleys 25, located, respectively, at suitable intervalsgapart upon the platform and angular derrick-arms 6, the last pulleys of theseries beinglocated at the free ends of the two arms. These chains depend from the uppermost pulleys 25 and are branched at their lower ends, the respective portions of the branches being connected to rings 26n upon the rear of the scoops S and S', near the bottom thereof. The scoops are provided at their front ends with the bails 26, to which the chains 27 are united, said chains running over pulleys 28, located at the outer ends of the foldable arms 12 and also passing around pulleys 29,located at convenient distances apart upon the upper side of the platform,land the ends of these chains 27 are secured to the winding-drums 23. It will be apparent that by turning the drums 22 the rear end of the scoops can be raised or lowered for the purpose of adjusting the angular positions of said scoops, and this is done just before the car is moved forward for the purpose of ditching. When the requisite quantity of material has been taken up by `the scoops, the rear ends thereof will be lowered and all of the drums will be thrown into action, so that as the car moves forward all of the chains can be wound upon the drums for the purpose of lifting the scoops above the ground. When the car reaches the place at which the earth is to be discharged,-the rear ends of the scoops willrbe elevated so that the material can gravitate from the then-inclined bottom plates 18.

The shafts of the drums are denoted by 30, and they are sustained by standards or bearings 31, secured to the car, and each of the drums can be separatel y coupled with driving mechanism, for which purpose clutches of some convenient type will be used. The drum-shafts carry clutches 32, the movable members of which are operated by the handlevers 33, so that by coupling the two members ot` the clutches the respective drums will be connected with their shafts so as to be driven, and it will be apparent that each drum is separately effective, so that the opposite ends of the scoops can be tilted as occasion arises. The drum-shafts carry the gears 34, meshingwith gears 35 upon the shafts 36, supported by the standards 31, and these shafts 36 are provided near their middle with sprocket-wheels 37, that receive the sprocketchains 38, extending through slots in the platform 2 and traveling around sprocket-wheels 39, secured to the axles 3 and 4 of the two trucks, by reason of which motion can be imparted to the drums when they are clutched to their shafts for the purpose of elevating the scoops or for changing the angular position thereof just prior to a ditching operation or for discharging the contents of the scoops at a place selected by the person or persons in charge of the car.

We prefer to elevate the jointed arms 12 by power derived from the axles, and for this purpose the hoisting-chains 40 are provided, said chains being secured at one end to eyes on the collars 41,which are fixed to the jointed arms 12, and said chains pass over pulleys 42, secured to the masts or uprights 43, near the upper and lower ends, respectively, of the latter, and these chains are connected with the drums 44, the shafts 45 of which are supported by the standards or frames 31. The friction-wheels 46 are secured to the shafts 45 and receive motion from friction-wheels' 47, carried by the shafts 48. These shafts 48 have gears at their opposite ends, meshing with the gears 35, so that when the car is moved forward the outermost drums 44 can be rotated for the purpose of winding the chains 40 thereon, and as these chains are connected with the jointed arms 12 the latter will be elevated to an upright position.

As a means for preventing unwinding of the

scoophoisting chains

24 and 27 we provide, in connection with the several drums 22 and 23, suitable brake devices which are adapted when set to prevent unwinding or retractve motion of the drums when the car is beingshifted to convey scoopfuls of earth to a place of discharge. The drum-locking mechanism consists, preferably, of frictionbrakes, a brake being operative with each hoisting-drum,as well as with the drums which elevate the jointed rods 12, and these brakes are adapted to be set by levers disposed in sets corresponding with the sets of hoistingdrums. Therefore it will be understood that an attendant will be located at each end of IOO the car and that each attendant will operate IIO All of the hoisting-drums are provided with i circular extensions or disks 49, adapted to be surrounded by the split rings or straps 50, which latter are adapted to be thrown into frictional engagement with said disks. These friction-brakes 50 are each pivoted to links 51, disposed, respectively, at angles relatively to said friction-brakes and pivoted at their lower ends to the framework. These links at about their middles receive the rock-shafts 52, fixed thereto and supported by the standards 31, and it will be apparent that by turning these rock-shafts in one direction the links 51 will be rocked, thereby throwing the frictionbrakes into firm frictional contact with the circular extensions of the winding-drums, and hence blocking the rotation of the latter. Any means suitable for the purpose may be employed for operating the shaf ts in the manner thusindicated; but we prefer to connect levers with said rock-shafts, which levers have pedals located to be operated by the feet of the men on the car for blocking the operation of the winding-dru ms or for releasing the same to permit the paying off of the chains and the consequent lowering of the scoops. To the ends of the rock-shafts 52 the levers 53 are aflixed, said levers terminatingin pedals 54, adapted to receive the feet of an attendant for the purpose of throwing the friction-brakes into action.

Vhile we have shown sulhcient mechanism for locking the winding-drum when the chains are wound upon the same, it will be evident that other instrumentalities may be em ployed for the purpose.

It will be remembered that the mast or upright 5 is supported for' axial movement, so that when it turns the two arms 6 can be swung over the car or into working position, and in the present case the operations of the mast are effected by mechanical means controlled by the movement of the car, the power being preferably derived from the axles of the truck T.

The turn-table 8 has a depending stud or spindle 55, extending through the platform 0f the car and to which the worm-wheel 56 is secured, said worm-wheel meshing with the worm 57 upon the longitudinal horizontal shaft 58, which shaft is supported by bearings upon the under side of the car and is provided at its opposite end with a bevelgear 59, meshing with the bevel-gear 60 upon the Vertical short shaft 61. This shaft 6l is provided at its upper end with a bevel-gear G2, adapted to mesh with either of the bevelgears 63 and G4, which are preferably formed in one piece and which are slidable upon and keyed to the -sprocket-wheel shaft 36. The duplex driving member, consisting of the bevel-

gears

63 and 84, is peripherally grooved or channeled to receive the stud 65 upon the end of the hand-lever G6, supported at one end of the car by one of the standards thereon, and it will be apparent that this lever can be so manipulated as to throw either of the bevel-

gears

63 and 64 into engagement with the bevel-gear 62 at the upper end of the vertical shaft 61, so that the derrick mechanism can be swung inward or outward no matter in which direction the car travels.

The mast-arms 6 are connected to the sides of the platform 2 by means of braces or stayrods 67, having eyes at their upper ends connected to similar eyes from the arms and provided at theirlower ends with hooks adapted to engage in eyes upon the sides of the platform, and these hooks of course are disengaged from the eyes on the car when it becomes necessaryto swing the derrick-arms inward.

As hereinbefore stated, the scoops can be used for taking up earth which is loose or sandy; but in solid ground we prefer to employ plows constituting a part of the apparatus, but which are normally disconnected therefrom, and these are located upon opposite sides of the car and are adapted, as the latter is moved backward and forward upon the track, to dig up the soil, and when the requisite quantity has been loosened the scoops, which were detached while the plows were in operation, will be connected to the respective chains, so as to take up the loose earth. A longitudinally-reciprocative beam is shown at 70, it being supported under the car for movement laterally of the latter or crosswise of the track, and to this sliding beam, which is sustained by suitable bearings upon the under side of the platform, are connected the plow-beams 7l by means of the clevises 72. As before stated, when the plows are in operation the scoops S and S will be detached, and vice versa. For the purpose of moving the longitudinal beam or plow-carrier crosswise of the car, so that the positions of the plows can be adjusted, any convenient means can be employed; but We prefer to employ a rack-and-pinion mechanism. To one side of the beam 70 a rack 73 is secured, the latter running the entire length of the beam, and the pinions 74 mesh with this rack and are adapted when rotated to move the opposite ends of the beam inward or outward relatively to the car. The pinions 74 are fixed upon the vertical shafts 75, located upon opposite sides of the car and supported by suitable bearings thereupon, and these shafts carry hand-wheels '76 at their upper ends, by which they can be turned, and they are also provided with ratchet-wheels 7 7, adapted to be engaged by pawls, as 78, pivoted to the floor of platform 2, the pawls serving tolock the ratchets, and consequently the shafts carrying them, so as to hold the plowcarrier or reciprocative beam 'ZO in an adj usted position.

The plows are designated by P, and each consists of a share 79, secured to the oppositely-disposed wings upon levers 81, said levers being pivotally supported at 82 to the extreme ends of the beams 71 and being adjustably mounted thereon, the shares 79 being set by the manipulation of the upper ends of the levers and being maintained in their adjusted position by means of pins 83, adapted to engage in openings in the levers and to be seated in a pair of the two series 0f openings or holes 84, formed at the ends of the beam. The wings 8O have eyes 85, while the beams are provided with eyes 86, which are adapted to receive the hoisting-chains, hereinbefore described, when the scoops are detached for the purpose of plowing.

In practice the plows are first coupled and the car is run back and forth along the track to loosen up the earth to the proper extent and at'both sides of the track, and when this operation has been accomplished said plows are disconnected by detaching their beams and the scoops S and S' are connected to their hoisting-chains, so that the car may be run forward to scoop up the earth in the manner hereinbefore d escribed,and when the required amount of earth has been taken up the car will be taken to the place of discharge and the scoops will be tilted for the purpose of emptying the same.

From the preceding description it will be evident that the apparatus is effective and that the parts thereof are compactly disposed, that said apparatus can excavate large quantities'of material and can work in opposite directions along a track, and that the material can be conveyed to any selected place and can be quickly discharged. When the apparatus is to be moved to a new field of operation, the brace-rods 67 and the scoops S and S' are unhooked, so that the derrick can be swung inward by power derived from the moving car, and the haulage-arms 12 at the end of the car can be elevated in like manner, so that the car can be safely transported without fear of striking obstructions always present along the line of a railway.

Changes in the form, proportion, size, and the minor details of construction within the scope of the appended claims may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim is l. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums,connec tions between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, and driving mechanism for one of said drums controlled by the movement of the car.

2. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, and driving mechanism for one of said drums operated by an axle of the car.

3. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, driving mechanism for said drums operatively controlled by the traveling movement of the carrying devices, and means for independently connecting said drums with the driving mechanism.

4c. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlled by the movement of the car, and means for locking the drums against retractive movement when the excavating device is in its elevated position.

5. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlled by the movement of the car, and friction-brakes operable with said drums.

6. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlled by the movement of the car, circular extensions on said drums, rings surrounding said circular extensions and adapted to frictionally engage the same, and means for operating said rings.

r'7. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the dru-ms and the excavating device for elevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlled by the movement of the car, circular extensions on said drums, rings surrounding said circular extensions and adapted to frictionally engage the same, links connected respectively to said rings and to the framework, and rock-shafts fixed to said links for operating the same.

8. The combination with a'car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlled by the movement of the car, circular extensions on Said drums, rings surrounding said circular extensions and adapted to frictionally engage the same, links connected respectively to said rings and to the framework, rock-'shafts fixed to said links .for operating the same, and levers secured to said rock-shafts.

9. The combination with a car, of earth-excavating devices located at opposite sides of the same, two pairs of drums located respectively at opposite ends of the car, connections between the drums and the excavating devices for elevating said last-mentioned parts, driving mechanism for the drum controlled by the movement of the car, and means for independently connecting the several drums with the driving mechanism. f

10. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of arms supported by the car, a pair of drums, chains connecting said drums and excavating device, guiding means for said chains supported by said arms, and means for driving the drums operatively controlled by the traveling movement of the said car.

11. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device, shafts for supporting the drums and provided with clutches, and driving mechanism controlled by the movement of the car and operatively connected to said shafts.

12. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, shafts for supporting the drums, a shaft sustained upon the car and operatively connected with the caraxle for operation thereby, and driving con- IOO IIO

IZO

nections between said last-mentioned shaft l ported for elevation andthe other arm being and the drum-shafts.

134 The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, shafts for supporting the drums, a shaft sustained upon the car and operatively connected with the caraxle for operation thereby, driving connections between said last-mentioned shaft and the drum-shafts, and means for throwing said drums into and out of action alternately.

14:. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, arms for supporting said connections, shafts for said drums, a second shaft, two series of meshing gears xed respectively to said drum-shafts and to the other shaft, and operative connections between the latter and a car-wheel.

15. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, connections between the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter, shafts for supporting the drums and provided with clutches and also having gears, a third shaft provided with gears meshing with the gears on the drum-shafts, sprocket-wheels secured to said third shaft and to the car-axle, and a sprocketchain passing around said sprocket-wheels.

16. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums, chains connecting the drums and the excavating device and secured to the opposite ends ofthe latter, overhanging arms on the car provided with pulleys to receive said chains, driving mechanism operatively controlled by the traveling movement of the carrying device, and means :for individually connecting the drums to said driving mechanism.

17. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating scoop having side and end walls, a bail secured to the front end of said scoop, a chain connected to said bail, a second chain connected to the rear of the scoop, arms located at dilerent points in the length of and overhanging the car and provided with guiding means to receive said chains, a pair of drums independently operative and connected with said chains, and driving mechanism for said drums operatively controlled by the movement of a part of the supporting device of the car.

18. The combination with a car, of pairs of arms located at different points in the length of the car, one of said pairs of arms being ele- Vatable and the other pair rotatable unitedly in a horizontal plane, an earth-excavatin g device adapted to be connected to one of each pair of arms on opposite sides of the car, hoisting mechanislmand connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earth-excavating device.

19. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at different points in the length of the car and one of said arms being snpsupported for rotation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism, connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earthexcavating device, supported by said arms, and means controlled by the movement of the car for operating both of said arms.

20. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at different points in the length of the car and one of said arms being supported for elevation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism, connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earthexcavating device, supported by said arms, and means for raising and lowering the arm which is supported for elevation, said means being controlled by the movement of the car.

2l. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at different points in the length of the car and one of said arms being movably mounted for elevation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism, connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earth-excavating device, a drum, an arm or mast supported by the car near said movably-mounted arm, and a chain connected with said movably-mounted arm and also with said drum, and a guiding device for said chain on the arm or mast.

22. The combination with a car, of pairs of arms located at dierent points in the length of the car, one of said pairs of arms being elevatably mounted and the other unitedly having rotation in a horizontal plane,an earthexcavating device adapted to be connected to one arm of each pair on opposite sides of the car, hoisting mechanism, connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earthexcavating device, a mast fixed near one end of the car, a chain supported by said mast, a drum to which one end of the chain is connected, a collar on said elevatable arm, and means for rotating said drum.

23. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at diierent points in the length of the car, and one of said arms being movably mounted for elevation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism, connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earth-excavating device, supported by said arms, a mast, a chain supported by the mast, a drum to which one end of the chain is connected, the other end of chain being connected to said movably-mounted drum, and mechanism controlled by the movement of the car for rotating said drum and for also operating said hoisting mechanism.

24. The combination with a car, of pairs of arms located at dierent points in the length of the car, one pair being elevatable and the other rotatable in a horizontal plane, hoisting mechanism, an earth-excavating device connected to one of each pair of said arms, connections between the hoisting mechanism and said earth-excavating device, a turn-table for supporting the pair of rotatable arms, a shaft IOO IIO

operatively connected to said turn-table, a y

second shaft operatively connected to the irstmentioned shaft, and two separate driving members shiftable alternately into working relation with said second shaft.

25. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at different points in the length of the car, hoisting mechanism, an earth-excavating device', connections between the hoisting mechanism and said earth-excavating device, a turn-table for supporting one of said arms and provided with a stud, a shaft operatively connected with said stud and having a gear at one end, a second shaft having a'meshin g gear, a third shaft having two slidable gears adapted to mesh with a gear at one end of said second shaft, and driving connections between said third shaft and the axle of the car.

26. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at different points in the length of the car, one of said arms being movably mounted for elevation, a rod connected to said movablymounted arm and pivotally supported on the car, hoisting mechanism, an earthexcavating device,connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earth-excavating device for raising and `lowering the latter, a mast, a hoisting-drum, and a chain connected to said hoisting-drum and movably 4mounted on and supported by said mast.

27. The combination with a car, of a beam supported thereby, means for detachably connecting a plow beam or beams to said firstmentioned beam, a rack secured to said rstmentioned beam, a pinion meshing with the rack, a rod to which the pinion is secured, and means for locking the rod in an adjusted position.

28. The combination with a car, of a beam supported thereby, means for detachably connecting a plow beam or beams to said firstmentioned beam, a rack secured to said firstmentioned beam, a pinion meshing with the rack, a rod to which the pinion is secured, a ratchet secured to said rod, and a pawl on the car for engaging the ratchet.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own We have hereto affixed our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN T. BAXTER, SAMUEL H. BAXTER. Witnesses:

ALLAN Ron, SAM. A. REED, Jr.