US64306A - Improvement in steam generators - Google Patents

Description

Y @nitrhtatrs @anni @ffice CARLOS H. GOULD, 0F` CINCINNATI, O-HlO. Lean-8 Patent No. 64,306, (and April 30, 186;.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM GENERATORS.

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T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CARLOS H. GOULND, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam Boilers; and I do hereby declare the'following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, making part of this specification.

My invention relates to the class of verticalsteam boilers having an interior fire-chamber, and is intended to secure the rapid generation of steam within very compact dimensions without the use of tubes or confined spaces for .the lodgment of sediment, and the consequent liability to burn out or blow up, and with great economy of fuel, and controllable draught, and'water feed, &c.` p y The accompanying drawing is au axial section of a boiler embodying my invention.

A is a cylindrical vessel, open at top and closed below by a bottom, B; supported a short distance above which bottom is a grate, C, -so as to form an ash-pit, D, and a ircchamber, E.' F is a vessel largerthan, but of similar shapcto, the vessel A, which it surrounds concentric'ally, so as to form a water-jacket, F', between them. The bottom G of the'vessel F may be dat, as shown, or may slightly descend to its centre, where the supply-water is introduced. H is an annular plate, which joins theupper edges of A and F, so as to close at top the annular space or jacket'F/Vbetweeu them. J is a drumshaped chamber, which is supported some distance above, and connected with the water-jacketl by means of a series of short tubes,.K. AThe bottom M ofthe drum J constitutes the crown of the fire-chamber, while the top or head L ofA the drum constitutes the crown of v the steam space.V The Hat plates B and G, and Land M, are .suitably stayed by bolts, such as represented at N. The parts above described constitute the boiler proper, which boiler rests-upon four cast-iron columns, N', whose lower ends rest upon a circular bed-plate, S, which rests upon a. base of masonry, T, and has a bed or -covering. of {ire-brick, P, from which springs a wall, P', of similar material, said wall and bed forming, in con- Ijunction with the'sides and bottom 'of the jacket F", a descending Hue, Q, which completely envelopes the said jacket in dame. The dre-bed and wall P P are supported respectively* bythe bed-plate S and an enclosing shell, R, which, in turn, rest upon a pier of masonry, T, as before stated.k Itis preferred that the shell Rshonld consist 0f sheet-iron plates, united togethernby means of nuts and screw-bolts, which pass through marginal ilauges upon said plates. An opening, U, through the centre of the bedlplate S, communicating with a horizontal ilue, V, obliges all the flame and heat to converge to a point immediately under the centre of' thevboiler, thus completely enveloping themain portion of the boiler before their final exit. In the most complete form of my boiler there depends from the steam-chamber an annular water-leg, l, which rests upon and forms in effect a continuation of the fire-wall P', and the upper portion of the annular lue between said leg and the water-jacket is' supplied with iinely-divided vjets of draught-air through perforated pipes, 2, so as to consume the smoke. W are man-holes, affording complete access to the upper and lower bottoms G and M respectively, so as to enable them tovbe cleansed of sediment without diiculty. Y is an outei` shell or case, having between it and the shell R a narrow air-space or jacket, Z, for the double purpose of 'confining the heat and aiiording a chamber for the warming of air, to be supplied to any apartment desired, by any suitable pipe, 2; `or the air thus warmed may becarriedoif into the chimney, or wholly confined to said chamber. and bare tunnels leading to the' re-chamber and the ash-pit respectively, and closed by doors a and b. c is an' opening or passage which affords communication with 'the Hue-space and with the man-hole W. It is provided with a suit* able door. The central apertureof the bed-plate S is occupied by a suitable open-ended cylindrical damper, 3, which, being raised at discretion of the operator, serves to restrict the issue for a low iire, and compel the ame to hug the bottom of the boiler, or to close, or nearly close, the -ivlue for a slow tire. f is a. 'eed'IWt-er pipe,- opened and closed by a diaphragm valve, g, acting on a weighted lever, g', whose stem, g, isconducted into Y .the interior of the boiler, where it terminates in a iioat, z, protected by a guard, z, having numerous. small perforations. The said feed-water pipe being conducted downward passes through the pier T into the escape-ilue, and, inclining upward, enters the boiler at or near the centre of its bottom plate G. I is a cock, which serves the purpose of blowing off. j representara check-valve. I arrange immediately in front of the ash-tunnel an ash-spout, r, having a removable covor, Z, which spout is led of to a pit, or any other desiredfplace of deposit for ashes. In order to insure cr to assist a circulation of water in the boiler, it may be provided with side pipes m, whose respective extremities communicate with the upper and lower portionsvof tl1e1water-spaee.

arson 2 It is believed that the above presents a most advantageous arrangement and presentation of the horizontal as well as of the vertical generating surfaces, and such as'arc not liable to become encrusted with soot, sediment, or rust; that in returning the lues down the outside andninder the bottom I convert into genera-ting surface what, in other forms of vertical boilers, is radiating; that I get a much larger generating surface within a. given space -than any other form of boiler known to me where tubes are not used; that the construction confines the radiation to itseif,'or it can be thrown into the chimney or into the room at pleasure, making it peculiarly valuable for stores or commercial houses where power for hoisting is needed; that it is wholly free from any conned cavities, recesses, or interstices, or unequal expansion and contraction of its parts; that the waterspaceproper is completely enveloped in a double sheet or body of iiame; and that the non-metallic material (iirebriek) ofthe entire outer wall of the descending ilue preserves the high degree of heat requisite to burn the smoke, and to prevent the deposition of soot.

To recapitulate, I claim as new and original the form of my boiler by which are obtained the following valuable points: v

The best generating surface in both the vertical and horizontal boilers, and from the same fire; carrying the lire down the outside and under the bottomof the vertical part, thus immersing it entirely inthe fire 5 securing a large, plain boiler, and ample generating surface in a small compass, throwing the most intense heat of the tire near the steam, and, as it gradually diminishes, passing off toward the bottom of the boiler where the water is thrown in; that it is less liable to be burned by collection of dirt than any boiler known to me, as the horizontal surface of the steam-chamber, which is exposed to the most intense heat of the tire, is kept entirely clean by the motion of the water passing up and down through the short pipes that connect the vertical and horizontal parts, and all the dirt is deposited on the lower plain surface of the vertical part which is the furthest removed from the fire; there beinguio tubes or small passages` through which the smokehas to pass, the outside absorbing surface keeps clean; and that a boiler made after this model has great strength, and issafe. I t willbe perceived that all the tire surfaces are plain, and not yliable t0 become coated with soot or dirt; that in returning the lues down the outside and under the bottom I convert into generating surface what in other forms of boiler is radiating; that I get in a small and compact boiler a large generating surface without the use of tubes; that in its construction it connes the radiations to itself, or that itcan be thrown into chimney, or into the room where it is situated, at pleasure. It will be observed that my boiler is wholly free from any recesses or confined interstices liable to collect sediment and to promote corrosion; that the main body of flame is made to strike the upper bottom G pcrpendicularly to its surface; that the entire lower portion or water-space is completely traversed by and enveloped in a double body of ilame; the {ire-place in the centre of a vertical boiler, and the flame striking horizontal surfaces covered with the upper stratum of water, and returning the re down the outside of the verticalportion or water-jacket which forms the tire-chamber, and underneath the same, into a central descending flue, thus makingthe vertical part all, or nearly all, generating surface, inside and out, and at the same time securing a large portion of generating surface at right angles to the ascending darne, and consequently adapted to avail the heat therefrom in the most effective manner. The form of the boiler is such that any -sediment settles upon the lower surface, where the re (having been previously expended) exerts the-least action;

said surface also being of ample area. The activity of the currents constarptly removes the mud from the upper horizontal plate, and prevents any accumulation of sediment. I also combine the most intense heat and most direct action of the re upon the most heated stratum of water, the flames as they emerge from the irechamber striking the horizontal iloor or bottom of the steam-space. The feed pipe ascends centrally through the coolest portion of both smoke and water-spaces. The hottest part of smoke acts on the hottest-part of boiler, and the coolest part on the coolest part, so that at every part the smoke is hotter than the water at that part, and at no part does the latter give back or return heat to the former, as in the common forms, where the hottest portionof the water-space and coolest partI of the smoke-space are in contact. My form of boiler admits of the outside jacket enclosing the whole exterior, and thus controllingr the entire radiation of heat, coniiningit about the boiler, and throwing itinto thc room, or into the chimney, at will. I

I claim herein as new, and of my inventionl. The annular water-space F', communicating in the manner described with a drum or steam box, J, and

enclosing the fire-chamber, when combined with the enclosing non-metallic wall P and bed I), having the bottom central ventage U, substantially as set forth.

2. In the described combination with the elements of the preceding clause, I claim the enclosing air-jacket Z for the purpose set forth. Y

3. In combination with the elements of cluuseirst, I claim the annular descending and centrally-discharging liuc V, as set forth. l

4. 'lhe tubular damper 3, in the described arrangement, with the lue V and the bottom of the boiler, as explained.

5. The ash-spout c, arranged and adapted as and for the purpose represented.

6. In the described combination with the elements of clause iirst, I claim the feed-water pipe f, passing up through the contre of the escape-fine, and of the boiler bottom, as and for the purpose described.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

CARLOS il. GOULD.

Witnesses: "s

Y GEo. Il. Imrcnr, Jamas H. LAYMAN.

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