US639036A - Expansion-drill. - Google Patents

Expansion-drill. Download PDF

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Publication number
US639036A
US639036A US72796799A US1899727967A US639036A US 639036 A US639036 A US 639036A US 72796799 A US72796799 A US 72796799A US 1899727967 A US1899727967 A US 1899727967A US 639036 A US639036 A US 639036A
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drill
reamers
beveled
stock
reamer
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US72796799A
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Abner R Heald
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools

Definitions

  • My invention is relative to improvements in expansion-drills of that class wherein the drilling is effected by a vertical or 11p-anddown movement of the drill.
  • One of the objects contemplated by my invention is to provide a drill of the class referred to wherein pivoted cutting-reamers are so constructed as to provide for cutting the sides of the hole perfectly smooth and true.
  • a further object resides in the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts whereby the strain on the pivoted reamers is relieved.
  • Figure 1 is an elevation of the drill with parts broken away and the pivoted reamers closed, the pipe within which the drill works being in section.
  • Fig. 2 is an elevation of the drill removed from the pipe within which it works and showing the reamers closed, the view being taken at right angles to Fig. 1. drill similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but illustrating'the cutting-reamers as open to operative position and illustrating in dotted lines the hole which has been drilled.
  • Fig. 4 is a lower end View of Fig. 1, with the incasing-
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 2, with the tube leading to the drill-socket removed.
  • Fig. 6 is a lower end view of Fig. 3.
  • the numeral 7 indicates the pipe within which the drill works.
  • the drill-stock is indicated by the numeral 8.
  • the upper extremity of this stock is round or substantially round in contour, and said stock downwardly from its upper rounded end is formed with two opposed flat faces, (indicated by the numerals 9 9', respectively.)
  • Extending at an angle from one longitudinal Fig. 3 is an elevation of the edge of each flat face are iianges 10 10', which gradually bend or incline inwardly toward each of said at faces, whereby the inner flat sides of said flanges are presented at a bevel.
  • the flange 10 projects from one longitudinal edge of the flat face 9 and the flange 10 projects from the opposite longitudinal edge of the other flat face 9.
  • the lower end of the drill-stock is provided with a central downwardlyprojecting rigid cutter 11, the extremity of which is beveled downwardly to a sharp cutting or chiseled edge, as clearly shown.
  • the top of the upper rounded extremity of the drill-stock is provided with two vertical openings 12 12, which lead, respectively, to the opposed flat faces 9 9, and beneath this top portion are formed recesses 13 13.
  • rEhe pivoted reamers are indicated, respectively, by the numerals 14 V14.
  • the inner face of the reamer 14 is placed against the fiat face 9 of the drill-stock and the inner face of the reamer 14E against the iiat face 9 of said drill-stock. They are pivoted intermediate of their ends on a common pivot-bolt 15.
  • the lower ends of these reamers extend downwardly adjacent to and on opposite sides of the central cutter 11. It will be noticed that the extremity of each reamer is beveled from the outside inwardly, the bevel of the reamer 14; being indicated by the numeral 16 and the bevel ⁇ of the reamer 14 by the numeral 16. IThe lower end of each reamer is also provided with a wing projecting at an angle therefrom.
  • the wing of the reamer let is indicated by the numeral 17 and the wing of the reamer 14' by the numeral 17C
  • These wings are beveled from the inside outwardly.
  • the purpose of providing the reamers with the bevels 16 16 is to hold said reamers during the operation thereof against the drill-stock, and therefore prevent them from beingpried off.
  • the beveling of the wings 17 17' facilitates the turning of the reamers on their pivots, so -as to throw the lower ends thereof outwardly during the operation of the drill.
  • the inner edges of the reamers extend in a straight line and are beveled to match and fit the corresponding beveled inner sides of the flanges IOO 10 and 10' when the reamers are in their' closed position, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4 of the drawings. From the pivotal points upwardly to the upper extremity of the reamers the inner edge of each reamer is not only beveled, but is also tapered upwardly to the upper extremity thereof.
  • a tube 18 Fitted to the upper end of the drill-stock is a tube 18.
  • the connection is preferably made by providing said upper end of the drill-stock with a reduced nteriorly-threaded extension which the lower threaded end of the tube 18 engages.
  • the provision of the openings 12 in connection with the tube 18 provides for clearing the hole of all clippings, dac., as the drilling progresses. This may be effected merely by forcing water down the tube 1S, and inasmuch as the openings 12 are always clear the said water is free to pass downwardly to act on the clippings and to force said clippings upwardly in the space surrounded by the incasing pipe 7, or the water could be forced down into the incasing pipe 7, and thence upwardly through the openings 12.
  • My improved drill is intended more especially for drilling sandstone, clay, and gravelcement, although it may be employed as a rock-drill, especially where the proportions are changed so as to make the drill solid enough to meet the requirements for this particular kind of drilling.
  • the combination with a drill-stock having a depending stationary cutter, of reamers pivoted to said drill-stock, said reamers each having a wing at its end extending from the edge thereof at a right angle or substantially a right angle, the wings of one reamer extending from an edge thereof opposite to the edge from which the wing of the other reamer extends, andthe angles'of said wings being in a direction to locate the wings on opposite edges or sides of the stationary cutter, when the wings are closed.
  • the combination with a drill-stock having a depending stationary cutter, of reamers pivoted to said drill-stock, said reamers each having a wing at its lower end extending from the edge thereof at a right angle or substantially a right angle, the wing of one reamer extending from an edge thereof opposite to the ⁇ edge from which the wing of the other reamer extends, and the angles of the wings being in a direction to locate said wings on opposite edges or sides of the stationary cutter, when the wings are closed, and said wings being bevel-ed from the inside outwardly.
  • beveled portion being beveled and tapered, W. F. HALL.

Description

No. 639,036. Patented DecVlZ, i899.
A. R. HEALD. f EXPANSION DRILL. (Application filed Aug. 21, 1899.)
(No Model.)
all/lli! y pipe removed.
ilwrrns Sfrnrns ABNER R. IIEALD, OF AURORAVILLE, YVISCONSIN.
EXPANSlONnDRILL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 639,036, dated December 12, '1899. Application filed August 21, 1899. `Serial No. 727,967. (No model.)
To all whom it may cmwern:
Be it known that 1, ABNER R. HEALD, of Auroraville, in the county of Waushara and State of Wisconsin, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Expansion-Drills, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying'drawings, which are a part of this specification.
My invention is relative to improvements in expansion-drills of that class wherein the drilling is effected by a vertical or 11p-anddown movement of the drill.
One of the objects contemplated by my invention is to provide a drill of the class referred to wherein pivoted cutting-reamers are so constructed as to provide for cutting the sides of the hole perfectly smooth and true.
A further object resides in the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts whereby the strain on the pivoted reamers is relieved.
With the above and other incidental objects in view the invention consists of the devices and parts or their equivalents, as hereinafter more fully pointed out.
In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is an elevation of the drill with parts broken away and the pivoted reamers closed, the pipe within which the drill works being in section. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the drill removed from the pipe within which it works and showing the reamers closed, the view being taken at right angles to Fig. 1. drill similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but illustrating'the cutting-reamers as open to operative position and illustrating in dotted lines the hole which has been drilled. Fig. 4 is a lower end View of Fig. 1, with the incasing- Fig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 2, with the tube leading to the drill-socket removed. Fig. 6 is a lower end view of Fig. 3.
Referring to the drawings, the numeral 7 indicates the pipe within which the drill works.
`The drill-stock is indicated by the numeral 8. The upper extremity of this stock is round or substantially round in contour, and said stock downwardly from its upper rounded end is formed with two opposed flat faces, (indicated by the numerals 9 9', respectively.) Extending at an angle from one longitudinal Fig. 3 is an elevation of the edge of each flat face are iianges 10 10', which gradually bend or incline inwardly toward each of said at faces, whereby the inner flat sides of said flanges are presented at a bevel. It will be noticed that the flange 10 projects from one longitudinal edge of the flat face 9 and the flange 10 projects from the opposite longitudinal edge of the other flat face 9. The lower end of the drill-stock is provided with a central downwardlyprojecting rigid cutter 11, the extremity of which is beveled downwardly to a sharp cutting or chiseled edge, as clearly shown.
The top of the upper rounded extremity of the drill-stock is provided with two vertical openings 12 12, which lead, respectively, to the opposed flat faces 9 9, and beneath this top portion are formed recesses 13 13.
rEhe pivoted reamers are indicated, respectively, by the numerals 14 V14. The inner face of the reamer 14 is placed against the fiat face 9 of the drill-stock and the inner face of the reamer 14E against the iiat face 9 of said drill-stock. They are pivoted intermediate of their ends on a common pivot-bolt 15. The lower ends of these reamers extend downwardly adjacent to and on opposite sides of the central cutter 11. It will be noticed that the extremity of each reamer is beveled from the outside inwardly, the bevel of the reamer 14; being indicated by the numeral 16 and the bevel `of the reamer 14 by the numeral 16. IThe lower end of each reamer is also provided with a wing projecting at an angle therefrom. The wing of the reamer let is indicated by the numeral 17 and the wing of the reamer 14' by the numeral 17C These wings, as clearly shown in the drawings, are beveled from the inside outwardly. The purpose of providing the reamers with the bevels 16 16 is to hold said reamers during the operation thereof against the drill-stock, and therefore prevent them from beingpried off. The beveling of the wings 17 17' facilitates the turning of the reamers on their pivots, so -as to throw the lower ends thereof outwardly during the operation of the drill.
The inner edges of the reamers, from the lower beveled ends thereof upwardly to about the pivotal point, extend in a straight line and are beveled to match and fit the corresponding beveled inner sides of the flanges IOO 10 and 10' when the reamers are in their' closed position, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4 of the drawings. From the pivotal points upwardly to the upper extremity of the reamers the inner edge of each reamer is not only beveled, but is also tapered upwardly to the upper extremity thereof. These beveled tapered edges when the reamers are turned to the closed position are out of contact with the beveled inner sides of the iianges 10 10, or when the reamers are turned on their pivots to the open operative position (shownin Figs. 3 and G ofthe drawings) these tapered beveled inner edges are thrown in contact with said beveled inner sides of the iianges 10 10. The upper ends of the reamers 14 14' fit, respectively, in the recesses 13 13', and the ends of these recesses act as stops to limit the extent of the turning` of the reamers. When said reamers are in their closed position, the upper extremities thereof are on the right-hand side of the openings 12, and when the reamers are in their open position the upper extremities thereof are on the left-hand side of said openings, so that in either position of the reamers said openings 12 are left entirely clear.
Fitted to the upper end of the drill-stock is a tube 18. The connection is preferably made by providing said upper end of the drill-stock with a reduced nteriorly-threaded extension which the lower threaded end of the tube 18 engages.
In the operation of my invention the tube 18 and the drill connected to the lower end thereof areinserted through the incasing pipe 7, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the drill being forced entirely clear of the lower end of the pipe '7, so as to permit the pivoted reamers to be turned outwardly to operative position. A vertically-reciprocating movement is now given to the drill by any approved means, and this will cause the reamers to be turned out to the position shown in Fig. 3. These reamers, in connection with the stationary cutter 11, will therebyT cut the hole for the pipe 7, the wings 17 17 cutting the sides of the hole smooth and true.l Inasmuch as when the reamers 14 14 are thus turned outwardly to operative position the tapered beveled inner edges of said reamers are bearing against the iianges 10 10, it is obvious that the strain on the pivot-bolt is relieved not only by reason of this bearing contact, but also by reason of the fact that the upper extremities of the reamers are against the inner ends of the recesses 13 13'. Even when the reamers are in their closed position all strain is also taken off of the pivot-bolt 15 in View of the contact of the straight beveled edges of the reamers with the flanges 10 10/ and the contact of the upper extremities -of said reamers with the outer ends of the recesses 13 13.
The provision of the openings 12 in connection with the tube 18 provides for clearing the hole of all clippings, dac., as the drilling progresses. This may be effected merely by forcing water down the tube 1S, and inasmuch as the openings 12 are always clear the said water is free to pass downwardly to act on the clippings and to force said clippings upwardly in the space surrounded by the incasing pipe 7, or the water could be forced down into the incasing pipe 7, and thence upwardly through the openings 12.
My improved drill is intended more especially for drilling sandstone, clay, and gravelcement, although it may be employed as a rock-drill, especially where the proportions are changed so as to make the drill solid enough to meet the requirements for this particular kind of drilling.
Whenever it is desired to withdraw the drill after the drilling is completed, it is pulled upwardly in the incasing pipe '7, and on this upward pull the reamers fall together and become contracted to a compass less than the diameter of the pipe 7.
1. In an expansion-drill, the combination, with a drill-stock having a depending stationary cutter, of reamers pivoted to said drill-stock, said reamers each having a wing at its end extending from the edge thereof at a right angle or substantially a right angle, the wings of one reamer extending from an edge thereof opposite to the edge from which the wing of the other reamer extends, andthe angles'of said wings being in a direction to locate the wings on opposite edges or sides of the stationary cutter, when the wings are closed.
2. In an expansion-drill, the combination, with a drill-stock having a depending stationary cutter, of reamers pivoted to said drill-stock, said reamers each having a wing at its lower end extending from the edge thereof at a right angle or substantially a right angle, the wing of one reamer extending from an edge thereof opposite to the `edge from which the wing of the other reamer extends, and the angles of the wings being in a direction to locate said wings on opposite edges or sides of the stationary cutter, when the wings are closed, and said wings being bevel-ed from the inside outwardly.
3. In an expansion-drill, the combination,` with a drill-stock, having a depending sta-` tionary cutter, of reamers pivoted to said drill-stock, the lower ends of said reamers being beveled from the outside inwardly, and said lower ends of the reamers provided with wings projecting at angles therefrom, 'said wings being beveled from the inside outward-ly.
4. In an expansion-drill, the combination, of a drill-stock having a depending stationary cutter, opposite faces of said stock being plane surfaces, and one longitudinal edge of each plane surface provided with a projecting flange having a beveled inner side, of reamers pivoted to the respective plane sur IOC faces of the drill-stock, the inner edge of each and adapted to fit the beveled inner side of reamer from the lower end upwardly for a the flanges, when the reamers are open. Io desired distance being straight and beveled In testimony whereof I affix my signature to register With and fit the beveled edge of in presence of two Witnesses.
f 5 the flange When the reamers are closed, and ABNER R. HEALD.
the said inner edge of tlie reamers upwardly Witnesses: from the upper terminus of the straight and W. WV. WOODMAN, Jr.,
beveled portion being beveled and tapered, W. F. HALL.
US72796799A 1899-08-21 1899-08-21 Expansion-drill. Expired - Lifetime US639036A (en)

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US2599167A (en) * 1946-02-23 1952-06-03 Dionisotti Joseph Scraping out device for mining boreholes
US5494121A (en) * 1994-04-28 1996-02-27 Nackerud; Alan L. Cavern well completion method and apparatus
US6280000B1 (en) 1998-11-20 2001-08-28 Joseph A. Zupanick Method for production of gas from a coal seam using intersecting well bores
US6412556B1 (en) 2000-08-03 2002-07-02 Cdx Gas, Inc. Cavity positioning tool and method
US6425448B1 (en) 2001-01-30 2002-07-30 Cdx Gas, L.L.P. Method and system for accessing subterranean zones from a limited surface area
US6454000B1 (en) 1999-11-19 2002-09-24 Cdx Gas, Llc Cavity well positioning system and method
US6575255B1 (en) 2001-08-13 2003-06-10 Cdx Gas, Llc Pantograph underreamer
US6591922B1 (en) 2001-08-13 2003-07-15 Cdx Gas, Llc Pantograph underreamer and method for forming a well bore cavity
US6595302B1 (en) 2001-08-17 2003-07-22 Cdx Gas, Llc Multi-blade underreamer
US6595301B1 (en) 2001-08-17 2003-07-22 Cdx Gas, Llc Single-blade underreamer
US6598686B1 (en) 1998-11-20 2003-07-29 Cdx Gas, Llc Method and system for enhanced access to a subterranean zone
US6644422B1 (en) 2001-08-13 2003-11-11 Cdx Gas, L.L.C. Pantograph underreamer
US6662870B1 (en) 2001-01-30 2003-12-16 Cdx Gas, L.L.C. Method and system for accessing subterranean deposits from a limited surface area
US6679322B1 (en) 1998-11-20 2004-01-20 Cdx Gas, Llc Method and system for accessing subterranean deposits from the surface
US6681855B2 (en) 2001-10-19 2004-01-27 Cdx Gas, L.L.C. Method and system for management of by-products from subterranean zones
US6708764B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2004-03-23 Cdx Gas, L.L.C. Undulating well bore
US6722452B1 (en) 2002-02-19 2004-04-20 Cdx Gas, Llc Pantograph underreamer
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US20050139358A1 (en) * 2002-07-17 2005-06-30 Zupanick Joseph A. Cavity positioning tool and method
US6942030B2 (en) 2002-09-12 2005-09-13 Cdx Gas, Llc Three-dimensional well system for accessing subterranean zones
US6962216B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2005-11-08 Cdx Gas, Llc Wedge activated underreamer
US6964308B1 (en) 2002-10-08 2005-11-15 Cdx Gas, Llc Method of drilling lateral wellbores from a slant well without utilizing a whipstock
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