US6380135B1 - Agrochemical compositions - Google Patents
Agrochemical compositions Download PDFInfo
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- US6380135B1 US6380135B1 US09/254,217 US25421799A US6380135B1 US 6380135 B1 US6380135 B1 US 6380135B1 US 25421799 A US25421799 A US 25421799A US 6380135 B1 US6380135 B1 US 6380135B1
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- granulated material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/12—Powders or granules
- A01N25/14—Powders or granules wettable
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new type of agrochemical granulated material, which is dispersible in water so as to produce a spray liquor that is ready for use.
- agrochemical active ingredients that are dispersible in water
- liquid forms such as emulsion concentrates or suspension concentrates
- solid forms such as granules that are dispersible in water
- the chosen commercial formulation is basically determined by the physical parameters of the selected active ingredients and admixtures such as surfactants, emulsifiers or carriers.
- liquid active ingredients and admixtures normally liquid commercial forms are chosen, and for solid ones the solid forms of preparation are chosen.
- the liquid forms of preparation can normally contain higher concentrations of the active ingredient than the solid forms, but require stable transport containers such as canisters or casks, the return transport and cleaning or disposal of which after emptying give rise to additional costs.
- the solid forms of preparation may be transported in plastic bags or paper sacks, which can be easily folded up and disposed of after emptying, without giving rise to significant costs.
- the known solid commercial forms may also be selected for liquid active ingredients or liquid admixtures, if a high proportion of solid, absorbent carrier material is chosen.
- the proportion of liquid components consisting of active ingredient and admixtures in these dispersible, adsorbed, granulated materials may not in general exceed 20 to 25 percent by weight.
- an agrochemical granulated material is prepared, which is dispersible in water and contains a mixture, that is liquid, gel-like or waxy at +25° C., comprising at least one agrochemical active ingredient and at least one surface-active compound and a thickening agent. It optionally has an outer coating and is characterised in that the granulated material has plastic behaviour at 25° C.
- These new type of granulated materials may contain up to 90% of liquid, gel-like or waxy constituents. The proportion of these constituents is in general preferably 40 to 90%.
- An agrochemical granulated material which is dispersible in water is understood to be a granular composition for agrochemical active ingredients, which is present as granulated material in its commercial, transport and storage form, and which when preparing an aqueous dispersion breaks down in water automatically or with light stirring, to form a homogeneous, sprayable dispersion.
- these granulated materials exist as a coarse-grained, free-flowing, non-sticking or non-drying granulated material.
- the granulated materials according to the invention are dust-free.
- the granulated materials according to the invention are superior in that they only contain small proportions of solid carrier materials, that is, the granulatable raw material is not produced by adsorption of the liquid components on the solid inert carrier material.
- the maximum charge of granulated materials consisting of adsorptive carrier materials for liquid constituents is 20 to 25% according to present experience.
- the granulated material according to the invention is a surfactant/matrix granulated material or an active ingredient/matrix granulated material, in which the agrochemical active ingredient is embedded in a matrix consisting of a surface-active material (surfactant), or the surfactant is embedded in a matrix consisting of an active ingredient.
- these active ingredient/surfactant mixtures themselves have an aggregate state which is liquid, gel-like or waxy at +25° C., and does not allow granular materials to be formed directly.
- a granulated material with plastic behaviour is produced from such a mixture, whereby the agrochemical active ingredient is mixed with the surface-active compound to form a homogeneous mixture or dispersion, and this mixture is brought to a granulatable state by adding a small amount of an appropriate thickening agent, this mixture is granulated and the surface of the granulated material obtained is coated if required. This coating may serve to improve the fluidity of the granulated material.
- FIG. 1 shows that no fragments or powdery particles form during the compression process.
- FIG. 2 in contrast, shows that small fragments form when compressing a non-plastic granulated material.
- Appropriate granulating processes are all conventional processes described in granulating technology, for example spray drying, fluidised bed granulation and in particular extrusion granulation.
- the granulated materials obtained by the granulation process according to the invention are normally not sticky at room temperature (+25° C.) and do not dry out even when storing for long periods.
- the granulated materials according to the invention are dispersed by stirring into water in the spray tank, to form a dispersion which is ready for use within 5 to 10 minutes.
- the granulated materials according to the invention have a plastic consistency (exhibit plastic behavior), that is, under mechanical pressure the grains do not break down into powder or granule fragments, but are basically deformed into flat circular discs. In this way, a cylindrical or spherical grain according to the invention with a diameter of
- 0.6-2 mm is deformed homogeneously, like a plastic, to form an elliptic or circular plate at a thickness of at most 20% of its original diameter, when compressed between two non-plastic parallel plates.
- Suitable thickening agents in the granulated materials according to the invention may be all substances which are able to thicken the liquid, gel-like or waxy mixtures of agrochemical active ingredients and surface-active substances, in such a way that the admixed mass has a consistency suitable for granulation.
- the following are especially suitable: ultra-fine silicon dioxide, pyrogenic silicon dioxide or precipitated silicon dioxide; ultra-fine aluminium silicates such as bentonite, organic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, cellulose derivatives, polysaccharide derivatives or ultra-fine urea- or melamine/formaldehyde-condensates.
- ultra-fine forms of the thickening agents are understood powder forms with grain sizes of between 0.01 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
- Commercially available thickening agents which may be used in the granulated materials according to the invention, are for example AEROSIL (DEGUSSA AG, Frankfurt, Germany); CELITE (MANVILLE, Denver, USA); PERGOPAK (MARTINSWERK, Bergheim, Germany); ARGIREC (BLANCS MINEREAUX de PARIS, Paris, France).
- a particular advantage of the granulated materials according to the invention is their high content of liquid, gel-like or waxy mixture, which preferably makes up between 40 and 90% of the total weight of the granulated material.
- the granulated materials according to the invention may contain, in addition to the active ingredients and surface-active substances, further carriers and admixtures that are usual in agriculture.
- the content of carriers is at most up to 55% of the total weight.
- the proportion of carriers is less than 10% of the total weight.
- the proportion of thickening agent in the granulated materials according to the invention is generally up to 20 percent by weight, preferably 5 to 20, especially 5 to 10 percent by weight.
- the granulated materials according to the invention preferably contain 40 to 90% of the liquid, gel-like or waxy mixture comprising agrochemical active ingredient and surface-active compound, 5 to 20% of a thickening agent, and a carrier and/or admixture which is usual in agriculture.
- Carriers that are usual in agriculture, in the terms of the present invention, are materials which are acceptable in agriculture and are added to the active component to bring it into a form which is easier or better to use, or to bring it to a useful or desirable strength of activity.
- This may be for example talc, kaolin or diatomaceous earth.
- the liquid, gel-like or waxy mixture incorporated in the granulated material according to the invention consists either of a liquid or solid agrochemical active ingredient and a liquid surface-active compound, or of a liquid active ingredient and a liquid or solid surface-active compound.
- the agrochemical active ingredients may be fertilizers, growth regulators and pesticides.
- the granulated materials are preferably used as a formulation for pesticides having acaricide, fungicide, herbicide or insecticide activity.
- the following active ingredients may be granulated by the formulation technique according to the invention:
- Acaricides and insecticides such as benthiocarb, diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, lufenuron, diafenthiuron or pyrethroide such as bifenthrin, bioallethrin, tau-fluvalinate, resmethrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, tefluthrin or tetramethrin, furtheron pymetrozin, thiocyclam, fenoxycarb, methopren, abamectin and emamectin.
- Fungicides such as benomyl, carbendazim, cyprodinil, chlorthalonil, dimethomorph, edifenphos, fenpropimorph, metalaxyl, (R)-metalaxyl (enantiomer), oxadixyl, pyrifenox, thiabendazol, tridemorph, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl or triazoles such as propiconazol, difenoconazol, bromoconazol, cyproconazole, epoxyconazol, hexaconazol, ipconazol, fenbuconazol, myclobutanil, penconazol, tebuconazol, triadimefon, triadimenol, tetraconazol, triticonazol, or uniconazol; furtheron acibenzolar-S-methyl, famoxadone, quinoxyf
- Herbicides such as chlortoluron, bifenox, bromoxynil and its octanoate, ioxynil and its octanoate, fluometuron, glufosinate, glyphosate, pendimetalin, sulcotrione, 3-phenyl-4-hydroxy-6-chlorpyridazine, alachlor, dimethenamide, metolachlor, (S)-metolachlor (enantiomer), or sulfonyl-ureas such as bensulfuron, primisulfuron, prosulfuron, triasulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, thifensulfuron, triflusulfuron, oxasulfuron, cinosulfuron; furtheron atrazine, propaquizafop, trinexapac-ethyl, pyridate, dic
- the components in the mixture may be solid or liquid, surface-active substances.
- These surface-active substances are preferably anionic surfactants from the series of fat alcohol ether sulphonates, such as lauryl ether sulphates, sulphosuccinates, sulphonated naphthalene/formaldehyde condensates and alkylaryl sulphonates, or non-ionic surfactants from the series of alkylphenol ethoxylates, such as nonylphenol ethoxylates, fat alcohol ethoxylates such as oleyl alcohol ethoxylates or lauryl alcohol ethoxylates, fat amine ethoxylates and mixtures thereof, ethoxylated oils such as ethoxylated castor oil and rapeseed oil, ethoxylated fatty acid methyl esters, sorbitan esters and ethoxylated sorbitan esters, alkyl- and alkylaryl-poly
- Examples of commercial types of surfactant that may be formulated into granulated materials according to the invention are:
- the granulates may also contain further additives, for example anti-foaming agents.
- the granulated materials according to the invention are normally non-sticking or non-drying, and exist as free-flowing granular form. If it is desired that the surface of the granulated materials according to the invention are further treated against adhesion, this surface may be covered with one of the said powdery carriers such as kaolin or talc. This coating may take place for example by dusting with kaolin or talc, or by rolling in a mixing or drying drum covered with kaolin or talc. Alternatively, the surface of the granulate may also be coated e.g. with a water-soluble polymer film of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl pyrrolidone in a film-forming drum.
- the granulated materials according to the invention enable not only a high concentration of liquid active ingredients to be obtained, but also a high concentration of liquid, gel-like or waxy surface-active substances.
- a typical granular formulation according to the invention there is for example 10-30% active ingredient, 40-70% surface-active substance, 10-20% thickening agent and 0-10% powdery carriers.
- Compositions such as 24% active ingredient, 50% surface-active substance, and 26% thickener, dispersing agents, wetting agents and carriers; or 25% active ingredient, 60% surface-active substance, 10% thickening agent, 1.5% defoamer and 2.5% kaolin may be mentioned by way of example.
- lauryl ether sulphate dry content
- a 70% water-containing paste Genapol® LRO, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt
- defoamer Fluowet® PL 80, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt
- cyproconazole technical, 96
- thickening agent Aerosil®200, Degussa, Frankfurt
- the extruded cord-like material is divided into cylindrical grains of 2 to 20 mm length and the surface thereof is coated with 4.5% powdery kaolin (Tuboryl® N, SILICE et KAOLIN, Paris, France).
- the extruded granulated material is dried in a drying appliance up a residual moisture of ca. 3% water content. During the drying process, the granulated material hardens further.
- the granulated material obtained contains 24% pure cyproconazole, 56% GENAPOL LRO, 10% AEROSIL, 4,50% TUBORYL N, 1,50% FLUOWET PL 80, and ca. 3% water.
- plastic granulated materials are produced analogously to the process in example 1:
- Residual moisture of the granulated material 1-5% water Component 2a 2b 2c 2d 2e 2f 2g 2h cyproconazole 25 25 25 25 30 Tau-fluvalinate 20 25 15 GENAPOL 0-80 40 40 55 Laurylether sulphate 55 40 40 60 57 AEROSIL 200 12 10 10 CELITE 209 18 10 PERGOPAK 15 8 16 16 10 10 AGRIREC B24 4 10 10 6 10 10 SUPRAGIL El21O 6 5 7 7 2 1 kaolin (TUBORYL N) 3
- a cylindrical grain (obtained according to example 1) of 1 mm diameter and 4 mm length is positioned lengthways between two glass plates.
- the glass plates are compressed with even pressure until 0.15 mm apart.
- the grain becomes deformed into a circular or elliptic homogeneous plate of 0.15 mm height.
- no fragments or powdery particles (FIG. 1) are formed.
- small fragments (FIG. 2) are obtained.
- Composition 1 cyproconazole, 25% wettable granulated material according to the present invention: 25% cyproconazole, 51% lauryl ether sulphate, 10% AEROSIL 200, 6% TUBORYL N, 4% silicone defoamer, 4% water).
- ALTO 100 SL cyproconazole, 10% solution concentrate, commercial form: 10% cyproconazole, 8.5% N-methylpyrrolidone, 5% AGRILAN F 546 (HARCROS CHEM., Great Britain), 76.5% polyethylene glycol).
- SENTINEL 40 WG cyproconazole, 40% wettable granulated material based on solids: 43.96% technical (91%) cyproconazole, 20% ULTRAZIN NA (LIGNOTECH, Norway), 36.04% MIKRODOL EXTRA (NORWEGIAN TALC, Norway)).
- Cyproconazole in barley “Golden Promise” against powdery mildew ( Erisyphe graminis ) 80 g cyproconazole per hectare percentage control 17 DAT, 24 DAT
- Formulation 17 DAT 24 DAT composition 1 87 76 ALTO 100 SL 80 68 SENTINEL 40 WG 62 35
- the granular formulation according to the invention had the best effect, which clearly surpassed the effect of the liquid commercial form ALTO SL.
- the effect of the granular commercial form SENTINEL WG was considerably weaker in this test.
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Abstract
Agrochemical granulated material which is dispersible in water and contains a mixture that is liquid, gel-like, or waxy at +25° C., comprising at least one agrochemical active ingredient and at least one surface-active compound and a thickening agent, and optionally having an outer coating, characterized in that the granulated material has plastic behavior at +25° C.
Description
This application is a 371 of PCT/E197/04783 filed Sep. 2, 1997.
The present invention relates to a new type of agrochemical granulated material, which is dispersible in water so as to produce a spray liquor that is ready for use.
Commercial forms of agrochemical active ingredients, that are dispersible in water, are conventional in practice. As well as liquid forms such as emulsion concentrates or suspension concentrates, solid forms such as granules that are dispersible in water, exist commercially. The chosen commercial formulation is basically determined by the physical parameters of the selected active ingredients and admixtures such as surfactants, emulsifiers or carriers. For example, for liquid active ingredients and admixtures, normally liquid commercial forms are chosen, and for solid ones the solid forms of preparation are chosen. In the case of liquid active ingredients, the liquid forms of preparation can normally contain higher concentrations of the active ingredient than the solid forms, but require stable transport containers such as canisters or casks, the return transport and cleaning or disposal of which after emptying give rise to additional costs. On the other hand, the solid forms of preparation may be transported in plastic bags or paper sacks, which can be easily folded up and disposed of after emptying, without giving rise to significant costs. The known solid commercial forms may also be selected for liquid active ingredients or liquid admixtures, if a high proportion of solid, absorbent carrier material is chosen. The proportion of liquid components consisting of active ingredient and admixtures in these dispersible, adsorbed, granulated materials may not in general exceed 20 to 25 percent by weight.
In agricultural practice, there is therefore a need for solid commercial forms, especially granular forms, which allow high proportions of liquid and waxy components such as active ingredients and admixtures to be incorporated therein.
In accordance with the invention, an agrochemical granulated material is prepared, which is dispersible in water and contains a mixture, that is liquid, gel-like or waxy at +25° C., comprising at least one agrochemical active ingredient and at least one surface-active compound and a thickening agent. It optionally has an outer coating and is characterised in that the granulated material has plastic behaviour at 25° C. These new type of granulated materials may contain up to 90% of liquid, gel-like or waxy constituents. The proportion of these constituents is in general preferably 40 to 90%.
An agrochemical granulated material which is dispersible in water, in terms of this application, is understood to be a granular composition for agrochemical active ingredients, which is present as granulated material in its commercial, transport and storage form, and which when preparing an aqueous dispersion breaks down in water automatically or with light stirring, to form a homogeneous, sprayable dispersion. At normal ambient temperature, these granulated materials exist as a coarse-grained, free-flowing, non-sticking or non-drying granulated material. Normally, the granulated materials according to the invention are dust-free.
Compared with the previously known dispersible granulated materials, which as such contain liquid contents such as active ingredients of surface-active compounds or liquid mixtures thereof, the granulated materials according to the invention are superior in that they only contain small proportions of solid carrier materials, that is, the granulatable raw material is not produced by adsorption of the liquid components on the solid inert carrier material. The maximum charge of granulated materials consisting of adsorptive carrier materials for liquid constituents is 20 to 25% according to present experience. In contrast, the granulated material according to the invention is a surfactant/matrix granulated material or an active ingredient/matrix granulated material, in which the agrochemical active ingredient is embedded in a matrix consisting of a surface-active material (surfactant), or the surfactant is embedded in a matrix consisting of an active ingredient. In the granulated materials according to the invention, these active ingredient/surfactant mixtures themselves have an aggregate state which is liquid, gel-like or waxy at +25° C., and does not allow granular materials to be formed directly. In accordance with the invention, a granulated material with plastic behaviour is produced from such a mixture, whereby the agrochemical active ingredient is mixed with the surface-active compound to form a homogeneous mixture or dispersion, and this mixture is brought to a granulatable state by adding a small amount of an appropriate thickening agent, this mixture is granulated and the surface of the granulated material obtained is coated if required. This coating may serve to improve the fluidity of the granulated material.
FIG. 1 shows that no fragments or powdery particles form during the compression process.
FIG. 2 in contrast, shows that small fragments form when compressing a non-plastic granulated material.
Appropriate granulating processes are all conventional processes described in granulating technology, for example spray drying, fluidised bed granulation and in particular extrusion granulation.
The granulated materials obtained by the granulation process according to the invention are normally not sticky at room temperature (+25° C.) and do not dry out even when storing for long periods.
The granulated materials according to the invention are dispersed by stirring into water in the spray tank, to form a dispersion which is ready for use within 5 to 10 minutes.
In contrast to the known adsorbed granulated materials, the granulated materials according to the invention have a plastic consistency (exhibit plastic behavior), that is, under mechanical pressure the grains do not break down into powder or granule fragments, but are basically deformed into flat circular discs. In this way, a cylindrical or spherical grain according to the invention with a diameter of
0.6-2 mm is deformed homogeneously, like a plastic, to form an elliptic or circular plate at a thickness of at most 20% of its original diameter, when compressed between two non-plastic parallel plates.
Suitable thickening agents in the granulated materials according to the invention may be all substances which are able to thicken the liquid, gel-like or waxy mixtures of agrochemical active ingredients and surface-active substances, in such a way that the admixed mass has a consistency suitable for granulation. To this end, the following are especially suitable: ultra-fine silicon dioxide, pyrogenic silicon dioxide or precipitated silicon dioxide; ultra-fine aluminium silicates such as bentonite, organic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, cellulose derivatives, polysaccharide derivatives or ultra-fine urea- or melamine/formaldehyde-condensates. By ultra-fine forms of the thickening agents are understood powder forms with grain sizes of between 0.01 μm and 10 μm. Commercially available thickening agents, which may be used in the granulated materials according to the invention, are for example AEROSIL (DEGUSSA AG, Frankfurt, Germany); CELITE (MANVILLE, Denver, USA); PERGOPAK (MARTINSWERK, Bergheim, Germany); ARGIREC (BLANCS MINEREAUX de PARIS, Paris, France).
A particular advantage of the granulated materials according to the invention is their high content of liquid, gel-like or waxy mixture, which preferably makes up between 40 and 90% of the total weight of the granulated material.
If desired, the granulated materials according to the invention may contain, in addition to the active ingredients and surface-active substances, further carriers and admixtures that are usual in agriculture. Preferably, the content of carriers is at most up to 55% of the total weight. In particular, the proportion of carriers is less than 10% of the total weight.
The proportion of thickening agent in the granulated materials according to the invention is generally up to 20 percent by weight, preferably 5 to 20, especially 5 to 10 percent by weight.
The granulated materials according to the invention preferably contain 40 to 90% of the liquid, gel-like or waxy mixture comprising agrochemical active ingredient and surface-active compound, 5 to 20% of a thickening agent, and a carrier and/or admixture which is usual in agriculture.
Carriers that are usual in agriculture, in the terms of the present invention, are materials which are acceptable in agriculture and are added to the active component to bring it into a form which is easier or better to use, or to bring it to a useful or desirable strength of activity. This may be for example talc, kaolin or diatomaceous earth.
The liquid, gel-like or waxy mixture incorporated in the granulated material according to the invention consists either of a liquid or solid agrochemical active ingredient and a liquid surface-active compound, or of a liquid active ingredient and a liquid or solid surface-active compound.
The agrochemical active ingredients may be fertilizers, growth regulators and pesticides. The granulated materials are preferably used as a formulation for pesticides having acaricide, fungicide, herbicide or insecticide activity.
For example, the following active ingredients may be granulated by the formulation technique according to the invention:
Acaricides and insecticides such as benthiocarb, diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, lufenuron, diafenthiuron or pyrethroide such as bifenthrin, bioallethrin, tau-fluvalinate, resmethrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, tefluthrin or tetramethrin, furtheron pymetrozin, thiocyclam, fenoxycarb, methopren, abamectin and emamectin.
Preference is given to lufenuron, diafenthiuron, tau-fluvalinate and cypermethrin.
Fungicides such as benomyl, carbendazim, cyprodinil, chlorthalonil, dimethomorph, edifenphos, fenpropimorph, metalaxyl, (R)-metalaxyl (enantiomer), oxadixyl, pyrifenox, thiabendazol, tridemorph, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl or triazoles such as propiconazol, difenoconazol, bromoconazol, cyproconazole, epoxyconazol, hexaconazol, ipconazol, fenbuconazol, myclobutanil, penconazol, tebuconazol, triadimefon, triadimenol, tetraconazol, triticonazol, or uniconazol; furtheron acibenzolar-S-methyl, famoxadone, quinoxyfen, spiroxamin, fludioxonil, fenpiclonil, fenhexamid and 2-[α-{[(α-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyl)imino]-oxy}-o-tolyl]-glyoxylic acid-methylester-O-methyloxim. Preference is given to carbendazim, cyprodinil, chlorthalonil, metala,yl, (R)-metalaxyl, oxadixyl, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, propiconazol, cyproconazole, epoxyconazol and tebuconazol.
Herbicides such as chlortoluron, bifenox, bromoxynil and its octanoate, ioxynil and its octanoate, fluometuron, glufosinate, glyphosate, pendimetalin, sulcotrione, 3-phenyl-4-hydroxy-6-chlorpyridazine, alachlor, dimethenamide, metolachlor, (S)-metolachlor (enantiomer), or sulfonyl-ureas such as bensulfuron, primisulfuron, prosulfuron, triasulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, thifensulfuron, triflusulfuron, oxasulfuron, cinosulfuron; furtheron atrazine, propaquizafop, trinexapac-ethyl, pyridate, dicamba, clodinafop, fenclorin. Preference is given to fluometuron, glufosinate, glyphosate, sulcotrione, 3-phenyl-4-hydroxy-6-chlorpyridazin, dimethenamid, metolachlor, (S)-metolachlor, triasulfuron, nicosulfuron or rimsulfuron.
The components in the mixture may be solid or liquid, surface-active substances. These surface-active substances are preferably anionic surfactants from the series of fat alcohol ether sulphonates, such as lauryl ether sulphates, sulphosuccinates, sulphonated naphthalene/formaldehyde condensates and alkylaryl sulphonates, or non-ionic surfactants from the series of alkylphenol ethoxylates, such as nonylphenol ethoxylates, fat alcohol ethoxylates such as oleyl alcohol ethoxylates or lauryl alcohol ethoxylates, fat amine ethoxylates and mixtures thereof, ethoxylated oils such as ethoxylated castor oil and rapeseed oil, ethoxylated fatty acid methyl esters, sorbitan esters and ethoxylated sorbitan esters, alkyl- and alkylaryl-polyethylene oxide phosphoric acid esters, ethoxylated polyethylene glycols, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide adducts, alkyl-succinic acid anhydride condensates, fatty acid amide ethoxylates, alkyl-polyglycosides or silicone surfactants.
Examples of commercial types of surfactant that may be formulated into granulated materials according to the invention are:
GENAPOL (HOECHST AG, Frankfurt, Germany); laurylether sulphate (HOECHST AG, Frankfurt, Germany); SYNPERONIC (ICI EUROPE LTD, Kortenberg, Belgium), ARMOBLEN (AKZO NOBEL SURFACE CHEMISTRY BV, Amerstoort, Netherlands), BEROL (AKZO NOBEL SURFACE CHEMISTRY BV, Amersfoort, Netherlands), CROVOL (CRODA OLEOCHEMICALS, North Humberside, Great Britain), ALKAMULS (RHONE POULENC, Paris, France), oleic acid methylester (HUELS AG, Marl, Germany), AEROSOL (CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC., West Peterson, N.J., USA), CRILL and CRILLET (CRODA OLEOCHEMICALS, North Humberside, Great Britain), CRODAFOS (CRODA OLEOCHEMICALS, North Humberside, Great Britain),SOPROPHOR (RHONE-POULENC, Paris, France), ATLOX (ICI EUROPE LTD, Kortenberg, Belgium), MARLOX (HUELS AG, Marl, Germany), ASAC (ICI EUROPE LTD, Kortenberg, Belgium), GENAGEN (HOECHST AG, Frankfurt, Germany); AG 6202 (AKZO NOBEL SURFACE CHEMISTRY BV, Amersfoort, Netherlands), SUPRAGIL (RHONE POULENC, Paris, France), calcium dodecylbenzene-sulphonate (HOECHST AG, Frankfurt, Germany);.SILWET (OSI SPECIALTTIES, Tarrytown, N.Y., USA).
If necessary, in addition to these surface-active substances, the granulates may also contain further additives, for example anti-foaming agents.
The granulated materials according to the invention are normally non-sticking or non-drying, and exist as free-flowing granular form. If it is desired that the surface of the granulated materials according to the invention are further treated against adhesion, this surface may be covered with one of the said powdery carriers such as kaolin or talc. This coating may take place for example by dusting with kaolin or talc, or by rolling in a mixing or drying drum covered with kaolin or talc. Alternatively, the surface of the granulate may also be coated e.g. with a water-soluble polymer film of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl pyrrolidone in a film-forming drum. The granulated materials according to the invention enable not only a high concentration of liquid active ingredients to be obtained, but also a high concentration of liquid, gel-like or waxy surface-active substances. In a typical granular formulation according to the invention, there is for example 10-30% active ingredient, 40-70% surface-active substance, 10-20% thickening agent and 0-10% powdery carriers. Compositions such as 24% active ingredient, 50% surface-active substance, and 26% thickener, dispersing agents, wetting agents and carriers; or 25% active ingredient, 60% surface-active substance, 10% thickening agent, 1.5% defoamer and 2.5% kaolin may be mentioned by way of example.
The following examples serve to illustrate the invention, but in no way restrict it.
56% lauryl ether sulphate (dry content) in the form of a 70% water-containing paste (Genapol® LRO, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt) is mixed to a homogeneous dispersion with 1.5% defoamer (Fluowet® PL 80, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt), 25% cyproconazole (technical, 96%) and 10% thickening agent (Aerosil®200, Degussa, Frankfurt). The paste obtained is extruded in an extrusion press having a perforated screen of 0.5-2.0 mm hole diameter. The extruded cord-like material is divided into cylindrical grains of 2 to 20 mm length and the surface thereof is coated with 4.5% powdery kaolin (Tuboryl® N, SILICE et KAOLIN, Paris, France). The extruded granulated material is dried in a drying appliance up a residual moisture of ca. 3% water content. During the drying process, the granulated material hardens further. The granulated material obtained contains 24% pure cyproconazole, 56% GENAPOL LRO, 10% AEROSIL, 4,50% TUBORYL N, 1,50% FLUOWET PL 80, and ca. 3% water.
The following plastic granulated materials are produced analogously to the process in example 1:
Details in percent by weight |
Residual moisture of the granulated material: 1-5% water |
Component | 2a | 2b | 2c | 2d | 2e | 2f | 2g | 2h |
cyproconazole | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 30 | |||
Tau-fluvalinate | 20 | 25 | 15 | |||||
GENAPOL 0-80 | 40 | 40 | 55 | |||||
Laurylether sulphate | 55 | 40 | 40 | 60 | 57 | |||
AEROSIL 200 | 12 | 10 | 10 | |||||
CELITE 209 | 18 | 10 | ||||||
PERGOPAK | 15 | 8 | 16 | 16 | 10 | |||
AGRIREC B24 | 4 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 10 | |||
SUPRAGIL El21O | 6 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 1 | ||
kaolin (TUBORYL N) | 3 | |||||||
A cylindrical grain (obtained according to example 1) of 1 mm diameter and 4 mm length is positioned lengthways between two glass plates. The glass plates are compressed with even pressure until 0.15 mm apart. During the compression process, the grain becomes deformed into a circular or elliptic homogeneous plate of 0.15 mm height. During the compression process, no fragments or powdery particles (FIG. 1) are formed. In contrast to this, when compressing a non-plastic granulated material, for example an adsorbed granulated material, small fragments (FIG. 2) are obtained.
In various plasticity tests with longer cylindrical grains (10 mm length, 1 mm diameter), the deformed elements obtained were almost square-shaped : at a final height of 0.2 mm, the width was 6-8 mm and the length 11-17 mm.
In a field test in Switzerland, the effects of cyproconazole in various types of formulation on Erisyphe graminis (powdery mildew) were determined in barley.
Field plots (2 m×7.5 m) were sown on 25th August with barley seed of the cultivar “Golden Promise”. After emergence, the plots were sprayed on 18th September with spray liquors produced from the different formulations. The amounts applied were respectively 80 g cyproconazole per hectare. Evaluation was effected 17 days and 24 days after treatment and compared with untreated comparison plots, and the results given as percentage control of the powdery mildew attack (100%=no attack; 0% as untreated control).
The following formulations were tested:
Composition 1 | (cyproconazole, 25% wettable granulated material |
according to the present invention: 25% | |
cyproconazole, 51% lauryl ether sulphate, | |
10% AEROSIL 200, 6% TUBORYL N, 4% | |
silicone defoamer, 4% water). | |
ALTO 100 SL | (cyproconazole, 10% solution concentrate, |
commercial form: 10% cyproconazole, 8.5% | |
N-methylpyrrolidone, 5% AGRILAN F 546 | |
(HARCROS CHEM., Great Britain), 76.5% | |
polyethylene glycol). | |
SENTINEL 40 WG | (cyproconazole, 40% wettable granulated material |
based on solids: 43.96% technical (91%) | |
cyproconazole, 20% ULTRAZIN NA | |
(LIGNOTECH, Norway), 36.04% MIKRODOL | |
EXTRA (NORWEGIAN TALC, Norway)). | |
Cyproconazole, in barley “Golden Promise” against powdery mildew (Erisyphe graminis) 80 g cyproconazole per hectare percentage control 17 DAT, 24 DAT
Formulation | 17 DAT | 24 DAT | ||
composition 1 | 87 | 76 | ||
ALTO 100 SL | 80 | 68 | ||
SENTINEL 40 WG | 62 | 35 | ||
For a single application of 80 g active ingredient per hectare, the granular formulation according to the invention had the best effect, which clearly surpassed the effect of the liquid commercial form ALTO SL. The effect of the granular commercial form SENTINEL WG was considerably weaker in this test.
Claims (10)
1. An agrochemical granulated material, which is dispersible in water and contains a mixture, that is liquid, gel, or waxy at +25° C. comprising at least one agrochemical active ingredient and at least one surface-active compound and additionally a thickening agent, characterized in that the liquid, gel or waxy mixture consists of a liquid or solid agrochemical active ingredient and a liquid surface-active compound, or of a liquid active ingredient and a liquid or solid surface-active compound, and further characterized in that the granulated material has plastic behavior at +25° C.
2. The granulated material of claim 1 , characterized in that a cylindrical or spherical grain with a diameter of 0.6 to 2 mm is deformed homogeneously to form an elliptic or circular plate at a thickness of at most 20% of its original diameter when compressed between two non-plastic parallel plates.
3. The granulated material of claim 1 , characterized in that the content of liquid, gel, or waxy mixture in said granulated material is 40 to 90% of its total weight.
4. The granulated material of claim 1 , characterized in that it contains up to 20% by weight of a thickening agent.
5. The granulated material of claim 1 , characterized in that the agrochemical active ingredient is a pesticide having acaricide, fungicide, herbicide, or insecticide activity.
6. The granulated material of claim 5 , characterized in that the herbicide is selected from the group consisting of fluometuron, glufosinate, glyphosate, sulcotrione, 3-phenyl-4-hydroxy-6-chlorpyridazine, dimethenamide, metolachlor, (S)-metolachlor, triasulfuron, nicosulfuron, and rimsulfuron.
7. The granulated material of claim 5 , characterized in that the fungicide is selected from the group consisting of carbendazim, cyprodinil, chlorthalonil, metalaxyl, (R)-metalaxyl, oxadixyl, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, propiconazol, cyproconazole, epoxyconazol, and tebuconazol.
8. The granulated material of claim 5 , characterized in that the acaricide or insecticide is selected from the group consisting of lufenuron, diafenthiuron, tau-fluvalinate, and cypermnethrin.
9. The granulated material of claim 1 , characterized in that the surface active compound is
(a) an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol ether sulphonates, sulphosuccinates, alkyl- and alkylaryl-polyethylene oxide phosphoric acid esters, sulphonated naphthalene/formaldehyde condensates, and alkylarylsulphonates; or
(b) a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkylphenolethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty amine ethoxylates and mixtures thereof, ethoxylated fatty acid methyl ester, sorbitan esters and ethoxylated sorbitan esters, ethoxylated polyethylene glycols, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide adducts, alkyl-succinic acid anhydride condensates, fatty acid amide ethoxylates, alkyl polyglycosides, and silicone surfactants.
10. A process for the production of a granulated material according to claim 1 , characterized in that the agrochemical active ingredient is mixed with the surface-active compound to form a homogeneous first mixture, and this first mixture is brought to a granulatable state by adding a thickening agent to form a second mixture, and said second mixture is granulated, and the surface of the resulting granulate is optionally coated.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19635631 | 1996-09-03 | ||
DE19635631 | 1996-09-03 | ||
PCT/EP1997/004783 WO1998009516A1 (en) | 1996-09-03 | 1997-09-02 | Agrochemical compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US6380135B1 true US6380135B1 (en) | 2002-04-30 |
Family
ID=7804439
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/254,217 Expired - Fee Related US6380135B1 (en) | 1996-09-03 | 1997-09-02 | Agrochemical compositions |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6380135B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0930822B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4198756B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100452005B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE201127T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU4301197A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9713191A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69704872T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0930822T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2159859T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3036256T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT930822E (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998009516A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA977864B (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6737381B1 (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2004-05-18 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique | Phytosanitary composition comprising at least a water soluble agent and a modified oil |
US20070157689A1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-12 | Agrotain International, L.L.C. | Additive containing N-(n-butyl)thiophsphoric triamide for urea-based fertilizer |
US20070295047A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-27 | Sutton Allen R | Solid urea fertilizer |
US20080261816A1 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-23 | The Andersons, Inc. | Active agent cellulosic carrier granule |
US20120064052A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2012-03-15 | Momentive Performance Materials Inc. | Hydrolysis Resistant Organomodified Trisiloxane Surfactants |
US20130143741A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2013-06-06 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Agrochemical gel compositions |
US8536095B2 (en) | 2008-07-03 | 2013-09-17 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Combinations of derivatized saccharide surfactants and etheramine oxide surfactants as herbicide adjuvants |
US20130309327A1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2013-11-21 | Deepak Pranjivandas Shah | Pesticidal composition comprising sulphur, a fungicide and an agrochemical excipient |
US9034072B2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2015-05-19 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Compositions of substantially spherical particles and methods of making thereof |
US9682894B2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2017-06-20 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Compositions of urea formaldehyde particles and methods of making thereof |
US10501383B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2019-12-10 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Nitrification inhibitor compositions and methods of making thereof |
US11109588B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2021-09-07 | Gowan Company, L.L.C. | Stable liquid formulations and methods of using the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
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EP1905300A1 (en) | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-02 | Bayer CropScience AG | Water dispersible agrochemical formulations comprising polyalkoxytriglycerides as penetration promoters |
US7901701B2 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2011-03-08 | Lignotech Usa, Inc. | Methods for producing dried pesticide compositions |
US20100278890A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Lignotech Usa, Inc. | Use of Lignosulfonates in Suspo-emulsions for Producing Pesticide Compositions |
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- 1997-09-02 JP JP51223498A patent/JP4198756B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-02 DE DE69704872T patent/DE69704872T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-02 ES ES97919024T patent/ES2159859T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-02 AT AT97919024T patent/ATE201127T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-09-02 BR BR9713191-1A patent/BR9713191A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-09-02 PT PT97919024T patent/PT930822E/en unknown
- 1997-09-02 EP EP97919024A patent/EP0930822B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-02 AU AU43011/97A patent/AU4301197A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-09-02 US US09/254,217 patent/US6380135B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-02 ZA ZA9707864A patent/ZA977864B/en unknown
- 1997-09-02 KR KR10-1999-7001718A patent/KR100452005B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2001-07-24 GR GR20010401105T patent/GR3036256T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6737381B1 (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2004-05-18 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique | Phytosanitary composition comprising at least a water soluble agent and a modified oil |
US20070157689A1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-12 | Agrotain International, L.L.C. | Additive containing N-(n-butyl)thiophsphoric triamide for urea-based fertilizer |
US9512045B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2016-12-06 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Additive containing N-(N-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide for urea-based fertilizer |
US8562711B2 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2013-10-22 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Additive containing N-(n-butyl)thiophsphoric triamide for urea-based fertilizer |
US20120064052A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2012-03-15 | Momentive Performance Materials Inc. | Hydrolysis Resistant Organomodified Trisiloxane Surfactants |
US20130276494A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2013-10-24 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Solid urea fertilizer |
US20070295047A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-27 | Sutton Allen R | Solid urea fertilizer |
US9517973B2 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2016-12-13 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Solid urea fertilizer |
US8419819B2 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2013-04-16 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Solid urea fertilizer |
US20080261816A1 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-23 | The Andersons, Inc. | Active agent cellulosic carrier granule |
US8536095B2 (en) | 2008-07-03 | 2013-09-17 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Combinations of derivatized saccharide surfactants and etheramine oxide surfactants as herbicide adjuvants |
US9351486B2 (en) | 2008-07-03 | 2016-05-31 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Combinations of derivatized saccharide surfactants and etheramine oxide surfactants as herbicide adjuvants |
US11419329B2 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2022-08-23 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Agrochemical gel compositions |
US20130143741A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2013-06-06 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Agrochemical gel compositions |
US20130309327A1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2013-11-21 | Deepak Pranjivandas Shah | Pesticidal composition comprising sulphur, a fungicide and an agrochemical excipient |
US9538761B2 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2017-01-10 | Deepak Pranjivandas Shah | Pesticidal composition comprising sulphur, a fungicide and an agrochemical excipient |
US9682894B2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2017-06-20 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Compositions of urea formaldehyde particles and methods of making thereof |
US9034072B2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2015-05-19 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Compositions of substantially spherical particles and methods of making thereof |
US10501383B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2019-12-10 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Nitrification inhibitor compositions and methods of making thereof |
US11109588B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2021-09-07 | Gowan Company, L.L.C. | Stable liquid formulations and methods of using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69704872T2 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
BR9713191A (en) | 1999-11-03 |
WO1998009516A1 (en) | 1998-03-12 |
ATE201127T1 (en) | 2001-06-15 |
KR20000068399A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
DK0930822T3 (en) | 2001-08-20 |
ES2159859T3 (en) | 2001-10-16 |
DE69704872D1 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
JP4198756B2 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
PT930822E (en) | 2001-09-28 |
GR3036256T3 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
JP2000517333A (en) | 2000-12-26 |
AU4301197A (en) | 1998-03-26 |
ZA977864B (en) | 1998-03-03 |
EP0930822A1 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
KR100452005B1 (en) | 2004-10-15 |
EP0930822B1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
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