AU665060B2

AU665060B2 - Antifoams for solid crop protection agents

Info

Publication number: AU665060B2
Application number: AU35274/93A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Jean Kocur
Original assignee: Hoechst AG
Current assignee: Bayer CropScience AG
Priority date: 1992-03-17
Filing date: 1993-03-16
Publication date: 1995-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2013-03-16
Also published as: HU213861B; MX9301474A; DE59303101D1; HU9300745D0; KR930019108A; IL105056A0; EP0561265B1; ES2090739T3; JPH0641510A; IL105056A; ZA931856B; JP3717190B2; EP0561265A1; DK0561265T3; CA2091746A1; AU3527493A; CA2091746C; HUT63588A; ATE139908T1; KR100564514B1

Abstract

The invention relates to solid preparations of active substance which contain wetting agents in combination with a surfactant (defoamer) from the group of the perfluoroalkylphosphinic acids/phosphonic acids or their salts, furthermore to the use of these preparations, in particular for making spray mixtures.

Description

r i L~;rY- I '/UUIU1 I 28/5J C--1

AUSTRALIA

Patents Act 1990 '/UU/U 1 28/s/91 Regulation 3.2(2) 6 ~6

ORIGINAL

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION STANDARD PATENT i

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Ii r ri r r r i T a~ ~r a o i c o Application Number: Lodged: Invention Title: ANTIFOAMS FOR SOLID CROP PROTECTION AGENTS r o o t *r b II* The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to :-US p-9*a HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT HOE 92/F 063 Dr.WS/sch Description Antifoams for solid crop protection agents The invention relates to the use of specific perfluoroalkylphosphinic acids and perfluoroalkylphosphonic acids as antifoams in solid crop protection agents.

Solid crop protection agents are currently usually supplied in the form of wettable powders and granules, in particular in the form of water-dispersible granules.

It is known that herbicidal, fungicidal or insecticidal active substances. are used alongside inert fillers, such i i as chalk, kaolin or silica, in particular surface-active I substances, in the preparation of these formulations so that the preparations are well wetted and dispersed in water when they are used. In the case of the waterdispersible granules, rapid disintegration should additionally take place after introduction into water.

In addition, it is known that the surface-active substances, in particular wetting agents, frequently contribute to intensification of the action, in particular of foliar-acting herbicides, and then are Ltoed in a particularly high proportion in the formulations J (DE-A-2 926 800).

Wetting agents also lower the surface tension cf the spray slurry. As a result, uniform wetting ot the leaf surface and, associated with this, frequently a better absorption of the active substances are ensured. However, because of the low surface tension, these spray slurries also tend to foam. This can lead to overflow of the spray tank and to irregular spray coatings on the plants.

2 The use of an antifoam as additive, which is added separately to the spray slurry, can frequently provide a remedy. However, the use as additives requires the use of a further agent in addition to the crop protection agent and, optionally, an additional wetting agent and in practice is not readily used because of the requisite additional metering and storage.

The object is, therefore, to find antifoams for solid formulations, which antifoams are simple to handle and do not lose their activity in the course of the formulation process and the activity of which is retained during storage of the preparations for 2 to 4 years.

A multiplicity of antifoams are known and are reported, for example, in "Ullmanns Enzyklopddie der technischen Chemie" ("Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry"), 4th edition, volume 20, pages 411-414 and by W. Sch6nfeldt in "Grenzflichenaktive Alkylenoxid-Addukte" ("Surface-active alkylene oxide adducts"), i Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft MBM, Stuttgart 1972, pages 805-853.

V* However, the substances mentioned in these publications S are not always suitable for the preparation of solid oo -For, e-ct^p\re formulations because they cannot be used in the preparation of wettable powders by grinding because of their 25 liquid or pasty nature or their low melting point, or because they lose their activity during the formulation process. Thus, for example, highly active silicone antifoam emulsions partly lose their antifoam properties if they are exposed to high shear forces such as occur, for example, in the preparation of water-dispersible granules by spray drying or fluidized bed granulation of aqueous suspensions. If the highly effective silicone antifoams based on powders are used, they must be added R to the solid formulations by mixing after the latter have been produced. The process requires the use of suitable

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3 3 mixing equipment and an additional operation. Built-up granules sensitive to abrasion can be damaged by the mixing operation.

Other solid antifoams, such as, for example, aluminum stearate, are not sufficiently effective, especially when large amounts of wetting agent are used in the formulation.

The use of antifoams from the group of chemicals comprising the perfluoro(C,-C 1 ,)alkylphosphinic acids and/or perfluoro(C 6

-C

18 )alkylphosphonic acids and/or their salts in liquid, surfactant-containing systems has also been disclosed (DE-A-22 33 941 and DE-A-21 336). The incorporation of the antifoams in the liquid systems is as a rule effected by addition with slow stirring.

15 Surprisingly, it has now been found that these substances do not lose their antifoam action even under severe mechanical stress such as occurs, for example, when S' grinding wettable powder formulations in hammer mills or when wet-grinding active substances in bead mills to give aqueous suspensions and during the subsequent granulation thereof by spray drying by means of a single substance nozzle or in a fluidized bed.

S: ."The invention therefor relates to solid formulations of S" active substances, which are used in crop protection, and which contain surface-active substances (wetting agents), in combination with a surfactant (antifoam) from the group of chemicals comprising the perfluoroalkyl- Sphosphinic acids and/or perfluoroalkylphosphonic acids and/or their salts.

The proportion of antifoam in the formulation can be up to 10% by weight, but in general 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight and in particular 0.2 to 2% by weight are used.

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4 The formulation also contains 2 to 60% by weight, preferably 5 to 50% by weight, of one or more wetting agents, preferably from the group comprising the alkanesulfonates, alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylpolyglycol ether-sulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinic acid half-esters, fatty acid N-methyltaurides or mixtures of the above wetting agents.

The active substances, which can be supplied in the form of solid formulations, include all suitable biologically active organic compounds, preferably herbicides and safeners, insecticides, fungicides, acaricides, nematicides, pheromones and repellents, in particular h;:ebicidal active substances, such as glufosinateammonium, glyphosate, bialaphos, active substances from the phenoxy series, such as CMPP, MCPA, 2,4-D, active substances from the phenoxyphenoxy series, such as diclofopmethyl, or the heteroaryloxyphenoxy series, such as phenoxapropethyl, phenoxaprop-P-ethyl, active substances from the urea series, such as isoproturon, diuron, linuron, monolinuron and chlortoluron, active substances from the series comprising the sulfonylureas, such as amidosulfuron, tribenuron (DPX-L5300), thiameturon-methyl (DPX-M6316), metsulfuron-methyl (DPX-T6376), primisulfuron-methyl and nicosulfuron, active substances from the series comprising the triazines, such as atrazine or simazine, active substances from the series comprising the imidazolinones, such as imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr and imazamethabenz, and diphenyl ether derivatives, for example acifluorfen, fluoroglycofen, lactofen and bifenox, dicotylene herbicides, for example ioxynil, bromoxynil, dicamba, diflufenican, fluroxypyr, phenmedipham, desmedipham, bentazone, metamitron, metribuzin, chloridazon, ethofumesate or the active substance trifluralin, and safeners, such as, for example, the compounds described in EP-A-86750, EP-A-94349, EP-A-191736, EP-A-346620, EP-A-333131, EP-A-269806, 5 EP-A-159290, DE-A-2546845, PCT/EP-90/02020 and PCT/EP-90/01966; fungicidal active substances, such as, for example, active substances from the series comprising the azoles, for example triadimefon, cyproconazole, myclobutanil and dichlobutrazol, active substances from the series comprising the dithiocarbamates, such as maneb, zineb and mancozeb, the benzimidazoles, for example carbendazime, or active substances such as, for example, procymidone, iprodione, vinchlozoline, thiophanate-methyl, cymoxanil, folpet, copper oxychloride, sulfur or TPTH; insecticidal active substances, such as, for example, active substances from the series comprising the pyrethroids, such as deltamethrin, acrinathrin, tralomethrin, permethrin and cypermethrin, active substances from the benzoylurea series, such as diflubenzuron, or active substances such as, for example, endosulfan, pirimicarb or silafluofen.

The said active substances can also be supplied in combination with one another in the form of solid formula- Stions. The active substance content is as a rule 1 to by weight, preferably 5 to 60% by weight.

Suitable perfluoroalkyl group-containing surfactants are, in particular, perfluoro(C 6

-C

2 )alkylphosphinic acids and S 25 perfluoro(C 6 -Cz 2 )alkylphosphonic acids and their alkali metal salts, such as sodium or potassium salts, their ammonium salts, (C 2

-C

8 -alkylammonium salts and also salts with (C 10

-C

1 )-alkylamineethoxylates and ethylenediamineethoxylates or mixtures thereof. The perfluoroalkyl group-containing surfactants are commercially available, for example eFluowet PP (mixture of (C.-Cz 1 perfluoroalkylphosphinic acids and (C 6

-C

12 )-perfluoroalkylphosphonic acids, Hoechst) or can be prepared by known methods (DE-A 21 11 167).

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UT -6- In addition to the said active substances, the effective antif cams found and wetting agents, the solid formulations can also contain further conventional formulating auxiliaries, such as, for example, dispersants, agglomeration auxiliaries, stabilizers, inert fillers and water-soluble substances, for example ammonium sulfate, urea or sodium sulfate, the content of these substances as a rule being 0 to 70% by weight, preferably 5 to 50% by weight.

The said active substances are also known and are described in 'Pesticide 'Manual" (by the British Crop Protection Council) or in "Farm Chemicals Handbook 91" (Meister Publishing Company, Willoughby, Ohio).

The said perfluoroalkyl group -containing antifoams can also be used in combination with antifoams belonging to other substance categories, in particular in combination with silicone-based antifoams.

By means of the perfluoroalkyl group-containing surf actants used according to the invention it is possible to provide wettable powder formulations and granule formulations, and in particular also water-emulsifiable t t granules, with antif oams which do not lose their activity either during the preparation or during storage of the 4 products for 2 to 4 years.

In addition to the said active substances, the perf luoroalkoxy group -containing surf actants and wetting agents and also, optionally, further conventional formulating auxiliaries, the said water- emulsifiable granules can contain a high-boiling solvent or solvent mixture. They also contain an at least partially water-soluble casingand structure-forming material, which preferably essentially comprises at least one substance from the group comprising geldtin, gum arabic, cellulose derivatives, starch derivatives, sodium alginates, polyvinyl alcohols 7 7 and polyvinylpyrrolidones. Its content is 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 25 to 60% by weight. A casing- and structure-forming material which essentially comprises a polyvinyl alcohol obtained by partial hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate or a mixture of such polyvinyl alcohols is preferred. Polyvinyl alcohols, or mixtures thereof, with a degree of hydrolysis of preferably 72 to 99 mol% and a viscosity of preferably 2 to 18cP, determined in a 4% strength aqueous solution at 20°C (for example ®Mowiol grades), are obtained by hydrolysis, preferably partial hydrolysis, of polyvinyl acetate. The polyvinyl alcohols preferred for the present invention have a molar mass of preferably 10,000 to 20,000. They are prepared by partial, preferably 72 to 99 mol%, alkaline hydrolysis of corresponding polyvinyl acetates.

When the said water-soluble materials are used, in particular when specific polyvinyl alcohol grades or mixtures thereof are used, water-emulsifiable granules which have an average particle diameter of 0.3 to 5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 2 mm, and which do not produce dust, are free-flowing, can readily be metered volumetrically and are readily emulsifiable in water are formed, for 4' example by the fluidized bed process using the countercurrent principle.

25 Suitable high-boiling organic solvents are mainly highboiling aromatic compounds, such as, for example, 1- or S2-methylnaphthalene, dimethylnaphthalenes and other polynuclear aromatic compounds. However, other waterimmiscible solvents are also suitable, for example aromatic compounds, such as alkylbenzenes and xylenes, aliphatic compounds, such as paraffin oils, vegetable oils, alicyclic compounds, alkanols, such as cyclohexanol and isooctyl alcohol, ethers, ketones, such as cyclohexanone, 4-methylcyclohexanone and isophorone, and esters, such as ethyl benzoate and tri-n-butyl phosphate.

Liquid pesticide active substances can also be used I. i

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8without organic solvents. The high-boiling solvent or solvent mixture content is 0 to 80%, preferably 20 to The antifoams are also effective if they are added to the aqueous spray slurries of the formulations before these are applied.

The invention therefore also relates to the dilute formulations (spray slurries) which contain the constituents of the solid formulations described in approximately 50- to 500-fold dilution.

The following examples illustrate the invention without restricting the invention thereto. The percentages are by weight.

4 4i I Example 1 Glufosinate-ammonium 20 WG glufosinate-ammonium "Hostapur OS 39% ammonium sulfate 1% ®Fluowet PP 4 o The granules are prepared in accordance with 444 DE-A-39 26 800 by spraying an aqueous solution of glufosinate-ammonium onto the pulverulent mixture of the remaining constituents of the formulation in a fluidized bed.

Example 2 Glufosinate-ammonium diuron (12 18) WG 12.0% glufosinate-ammonium 18.2% diuron, 99% strength 16.0% "Hostapur OS 12.0% ®Genapol LRO i i C-xr~ioru 9i 5.0% 'Vanisperse GB 1.8% ®Fluowet PP 35.0% kaolin The granules are prepared in accordance with DE-A-39 26 800 from an aqueous suspension having a solids content of 40% by granulation in a fluidized bed. The suspension is prepared by grinding all of the formulation constituents extremely finely in water with the aid of a j bead mill.

Example 3 I Isoproturon amidosulfuron (60 1.5) WP j 60.61% IPU, technical grade, 99% strength S: 1.56% amidosulfuron, technical grade, 96% strength 10.00% ®Geropon SC 213 S 15 6.00% ®Texapon K12 21.00% kaolin 1777 0.83% ®Fluowet PP The wettable powder is prepared by grinding all of the formulation constituents in a hammer mill.

Example 4 Isoproturon amidosulfuron (75 1.5) WG 75.76% IPU, technical grade, 99% strength 1.56% amidosulfuron, technical grade, 96% strength 10.00% "Geropon SC213 6.00% "Texapon K12 0.30% ®Forlanit P 5.20% kaolin 1777 0.50% silicone antifoam SE2 0.68% ®Fluowet PP-potassium 0 The granules are prepared by spraying an aqueous suspension having a solids content of 50% by means of a single i i 10 substance nozzle and drying in a conventional spraying I tower using the co-current principle.

The aqueous suspension is prepared by grinding all of the formulation constituents in a bead mill.

5 Example Amidosulfuron bromoxynil diflufenican (2.2 37.5

WG

40.32% bromoxynil, technical grade, 93% strength I 2.37% amidosulfuron, technical grade, 93% strength 7.73% diflufenican, technical grade, 97% strength i8.00% Geropon SC 213 j 4.00% ®Texapon K 12 i 2.00% "Luviskol K 34.58% kaolin 1777 0.50% silicone antifoam SE 2 S0.25% antifoam 416 0.25% ®Fluowet PP The granules are prepared from an aqueous suspension having a solids content of 50% in a fluidized bed. For preparation of the aqueous suspension, the formulation constituents with the exception of antifoam 416 are ground in a bead mill and antifoam 416 is then added with slow stirring.

SExample 6 "if 25 Amidosulfuron 50 WP 52.08% amidosulfuron, technical grade, 96% strength 10.00% ®Tamol NNO 6.00% "Texapon K 12 20.00% kaolin 1777 11.40% ®Wessalon S 0.52% "Fluowet PP i :7

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11 The wettable powder is prepared by grinding all of the formulation constituents in a hammer mill.

Example 7 Carbendazim 80 WG 80.88% carbendazim, technical grade, 99% strength 5.62% OTamol NNO 2.90% ®Mowiol 3/83 5.60% starch 0.2% aBronidox L 0.2% silicone antifoam SE 2 3.60% ®Forlanit P 1.OOL Flooe. PP The granules are prepared by spray drying an arjueous suspension having a solids content of 55% in a conventional spray drier and the aqueous suspension is prepared by grinding all of the formulation constituents in a bead mill.

Example 8 Fno cprop-, wiiaRR fenchlorazole-ethyl (12 6) WEG 12.50% .t.rp "PP technical grade, 96% strength 6.15% fenchlorazole-ethyl, technical grade, 97.6%

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crif rri Ir r t

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r r r r I 43.50% 20.00% 11.35% 5.00% 0.50% 1.00% strength eSolvesso 200 (Exxon Chemical) ®Mowiol 3/83 Mowiol 4/88 ®Hostapur OSB ®Fluowet PP residual moisture 101 g of a polyvinyl alcohol prepared by partial saponification of polyvinyl acetate and having a viscosity of 3 cP (determined in 4% strength aqueous solution at 20 0

C)

TRIC and a degree of hydrolysis of 83 mol% are dissolved in 600 g of water and 57.3 g of a polyvinyl alcohol prepared TLu j 12 in the same way and having a viscosity of 4 cP and a j degree of hydrolysis of 88 mol% are added slowly, with vigorous stirring. The aqueous phase is then homogenized.

j A solution of 63 g of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and 31 g of fenchlorazole-ethyl in 220 g of ®Solvesso 200 is then i allowed to run into the aqueous phase while continuing to stir and the speed of rotation of the stirrer is then increased so that the oily droplets formed in the aqueous tphase have an average diameter of 5 to 10 pm.

The resulting suspension is then metered into a i laboratory fluidized bed drier, The water-dispersible j granules thus obtained have a particle diameter of 0.5 to j{ 2 mm. A stable suspoemulsion forms in water.

The surfactants and auxiliaries listed in Examples 1 to 8 are known and can be obtained from Hoechst AG (®Hostapur OS, ®Genapol LRO, ®Mowiol) Henkel KG (®Texapon K12, ®Forlanit P, ®Bromidox L) BASF (®Tamol NNO, ®Luviskol K Wacker Chemie GinbH (Silicone antifoam SE 2) Rhone-Poulenc (®Geropon SC 213, Antifoam 416) Borregaard A.S. (®Vanisperse CB) Exxon Chemical (®Solvesso) 00 Foam test 4,44 A 1 1 measuring cylinder (diameter: 5 cm) closeable with a glass stopper is filled with 500 ml of standard water D (342 ppm CaCO 3 hardness accorling to CIPAC Handbook 1, p. 878). After adding 5 g of p-.dact, the closed cylinder is turned 10 times through 180° and back again. Immediately thereafter the time taken for the foam formed to collapse is measured.

Result: 13 When formulations which contain the antifoams according to the invention are used, 90% of the foam disappears within 2 to 3 min and frequently the entire foam also collapses within 1 min.

When formulations are used which are prepared by the processes indicated in the examples and which do not contain the antifoams according to the invention or silicone-based antifoams, the foam frequently remains stable for more than 30 min.

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Claims

1. A solid formulation which contains wetting agents in combination with a surfactant (antifoam) from the group comprising perfluoro-(Ce-C 1 8 )-alkylphosphinic acids and/or perfluoro- (C 6 -C 18 -alkylphosphonic acids and/or their salts.

2. The solid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antifoam content is 0.1 to 10% by weight.

3. The solid formulation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is a solid formulation to be used in crop protection and which contains at least one active substance from the group comprising herbicides, the group comprising safeners, the group comprising fungicides and/or the group comprising insecticides.

4. The formulation as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3, which contains, as surfactant, perfluoro- (C 6 -C 1 -alkylphosphinic acids or perfluoro-(Ce-C 18 alkylphosphonic acids or their alkali metal, ammonium or C 2 -C 18 -alkylammonium salts or their salts 20 with C, 1 -C 1 -alkylaminethoxylates or ethylenediamine- ethoxylates or mixtures of the above surfactants.

5. The formulation as claimed in one or more of claims .1 to 4, which contains, in addition to the said constituents, further conventional formulating auxiliaries selected from the groups comprising dispersants, agglomeration auxiliaries, stabilizers and fillers.

6. The formulation as claimed in one of claims 1 to which is granules.

7. The formulation as claimed in claim 6, which is water-emulsifiable granules. 15

8. The formulation as claimed in one of claims 1 to which is a wettable powder.

9. A process for the preparation of a formulation as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the active substances are ground together with the further components and, optionally, an aqueous suspension is prepared therefrom, which is subsequently granulated.

The use of a formulation as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8 in the preparation of dilute formulations (spray slurries).

11. The use of a wetting agent in combination with a surfactant (antifoam) from the group comprising perfluoro- (C 6 -C 1 -alkylphosphinic acids and/or perfluoro-(C 6 -C 18 -alkylphosphonic acids and/or their salts in the preparation of a solid active substance formulation. DATED this 15th day of March 1993. HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT WATERMARK PATENT TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS "THE ATRIUM" 290 BURWOOD ROAD i HAWTHORN. VIC. 3122. I I I r f i 1 HOE 92/F 063 Abstract: Antifoams for solid crop protection agents The invention relates to solid active substance formula- i tions which contain wetting agents in combination with a surfactant (antifoam) from the group comprising per- fluoroalkylphosphinic acid/perfluoroalkylphosphonic acids or their salts. The invention also relates to the use of these formulations, in particular in the preparation of spray slurries. i I 4 4 i a I