US636638A - Means for intercepting earth-currents in electrical traction. - Google Patents

Means for intercepting earth-currents in electrical traction. Download PDF

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Publication number
US636638A
US636638A US72777499A US1899727774A US636638A US 636638 A US636638 A US 636638A US 72777499 A US72777499 A US 72777499A US 1899727774 A US1899727774 A US 1899727774A US 636638 A US636638 A US 636638A
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currents
earth
intercepting
rails
electrical traction
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US72777499A
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Walther Cramer
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S138/00—Pipes and tubular conduits
    • Y10S138/06—Corrosion

Definitions

  • vagrant currents present the objection of causing the corrosionof gas and water mains, of affecting magnetic measuring instruments of precision, and of causing irregularities in the telegraphic and telephonic services. It has heretofore been attempted to avoid such objections by diminishing the potential differences between the various parts of the line-as, for instance, by the use of special feeding-wires for connecting the supply-station with the rails or special additional dynamos for equalizing the existing differences of tension.
  • the subject-matter of this invention consists in a means of intercepting the returncurrents which may escape from the rails and of conducting them back to the supplystation without permitting them to exercise any injurious influence.
  • the invention consists in inclosing the track Within a continuous shield of good conductive material which is not in conductive connection with the rails and which is connected with the same pole of the dynamo as the rails, g
  • Figure l represents a cross-section of an electricaltramway track provided with the shield in question.
  • Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the shield.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view, and
  • Fig. a is a diagrammatic side view, of a tramway with an aerial conductor.
  • the rails d a' which serve as return-conductors for the working circuits and the intervening portion of the track, are inclosed at a distance within a continuous trough-like metal shield Z), passing beneath the rails and rising to the ground-level at either side of the track without, however, being in 4metallic connection with the rails.
  • This shield which is preferably made of Wire-netting, Wire-cloth, or the like, extends the whole length of the track and is embedded in the concrete foundation of the track and paving and is connected at the supply-station with the same pole of the dynamo as the rails.
  • vagrant currents which may leave the rails in consequence of differences of tension must pass the said shield in order to spread through the neighboring earth; but the shield being a much better conductor than the earth the electric currents follow the shield and are thereby conducted back to the supply-station without exercising any injurious iniuence on the surrounding,

Description

No. 636,638. Patented Nov. 7, 1899. W. CRAMER.
MEANS FOB INTERCEPTING EARTH CUBRENTS IN ELECTRICAL TRACTIDN.
(Application led Aug. 19, 1899.)
(No Model.)
|||| 'I I Il lnlvsllIllII-Ill Il. E IFtIF /Y/TNESSES YN: mma pneus co.. Puoaumo., wnmum'ou. n. c.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WAIJII'IER CRAMER, OE HAGEN, GERMANY.
MEANS FOR INTERCEPTING EARTH-CURRENTS IN ELECTRICAL TRACTION.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Eatent No. 636,638, dated November '7, 1899. Application filed August 19, 1899. Serial No. 727,774. (No model.)
T0 all whom, it may concern:
Be it known that I, WALTHEE CEAMER, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Hagen, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for InterceptingVagrant Earth-Currents in Electrical Traction; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact vdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.
The electric currents escaping to earth from the rails of electrical tramways (such as those With overhead conductors) in which the rails are used as return-conductors and which may be termed vagrant currents present the objection of causing the corrosionof gas and water mains, of affecting magnetic measuring instruments of precision, and of causing irregularities in the telegraphic and telephonic services. It has heretofore been attempted to avoid such objections by diminishing the potential differences between the various parts of the line-as, for instance, by the use of special feeding-wires for connecting the supply-station with the rails or special additional dynamos for equalizing the existing differences of tension.
The subject-matter of this invention consists in a means of intercepting the returncurrents which may escape from the rails and of conducting them back to the supplystation without permitting them to exercise any injurious influence.
The invention consists in inclosing the track Within a continuous shield of good conductive material which is not in conductive connection with the rails and which is connected with the same pole of the dynamo as the rails, g
In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a cross-section of an electricaltramway track provided with the shield in question. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the shield. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view, and Fig. a is a diagrammatic side view, of a tramway with an aerial conductor.
The rails d a', which serve as return-conductors for the working circuits and the intervening portion of the track, are inclosed at a distance within a continuous trough-like metal shield Z), passing beneath the rails and rising to the ground-level at either side of the track without, however, being in 4metallic connection with the rails. This shield, which is preferably made of Wire-netting, Wire-cloth, or the like, extends the whole length of the track and is embedded in the concrete foundation of the track and paving and is connected at the supply-station with the same pole of the dynamo as the rails. The vagrant currents which may leave the rails in consequence of differences of tension must pass the said shield in order to spread through the neighboring earth; but the shield being a much better conductor than the earth the electric currents follow the shield and are thereby conducted back to the supply-station without exercising any injurious iniuence on the surrounding,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature ofthe said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- The combination with an electrical tramn way whereof the rails are usedas return-conductors, o'f a trough-like shield of good electrically-conductive material such as b inclosinfr the track or the rails at a distance and in connection at the supply-station with the same pole of the dynamo as that to which the rails are connected, for intercepting vagrant currents, substantially as specified.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing' as my invention I have signed my name in presd ence of two subscribing witnesses.
WALTHER ORAMER.
W`itn esses:
R. E. JAHN, Orro KNIG.
US72777499A 1899-08-19 1899-08-19 Means for intercepting earth-currents in electrical traction. Expired - Lifetime US636638A (en)

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US72777499A US636638A (en) 1899-08-19 1899-08-19 Means for intercepting earth-currents in electrical traction.

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US72777499A US636638A (en) 1899-08-19 1899-08-19 Means for intercepting earth-currents in electrical traction.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939024A (en) * 1988-05-27 1990-07-03 Grace Japan Kabushiki Kaisha Radiowave absorbing body of the high electrical power-resistant type

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939024A (en) * 1988-05-27 1990-07-03 Grace Japan Kabushiki Kaisha Radiowave absorbing body of the high electrical power-resistant type

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