US6360A - Thomas pbossee - Google Patents

Description

Unirnn STATES raggiante orrrcn.

THOMAS PROSSER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TOOL FOR ATTACI-IING TUBES TO BOILERS,

.Specication of Letters Patent No. 6,360, dated April 1'?, 1849.

To all who-L t may concern.'

Be it known that I, THOMAS Pnossnn, of the city, county, and State ot' New York, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Fastening the Tubes into the Tube-Sheets ot' Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the 'Fflllowing is a full and exact description.

. Figure 1, is an isometrica-l section through the center at one end of a tube (a), showing that it is secured to the tube sheet (b) by means of the projections or swellings pro duced ori-the. external periphery of the tube (a.) on both sides of the tube sheet tb). Fig. 2 is a half section lof a tube, with a piece of the tube sheet ready for the operation ot expanding the tube, so as to appear like Fig. 1, by means of the segment (e) having rectangular projections at (d.) for the purpose of keeping the segments at uniform distances 'troni each other (when expanded) by means of mort-isc holes out-into the mortise rings y) for that purpose, when the mandrel (h) is driven in among the segments.. Fig. 3 is the same as F ig. 2 but after the operation ot expanding or double calkinghas been performed.

It is important to observe that the part of the segment-marked (e) although it is opposite'to the tube sheet where the real joint is made, does not touch'the tube, but

that the parts or projections marked f and f are alone available for that purpose, by eX- citing the elasticity of the metal in a longitudinal direction, while at. the same time the tube is enlarged until the hole in the tube i sheetI is entirely tilled. but note, that when the tool is removed there is no tendency in the tube to contract in diameter opposite the tube sheet (as isthe. case when a mere plug or common calking tool is used, wlneh has a tendency either merely to crush the metal. or to loosen one pax-thy thc operation ot' fastening another) because the longitudinal lextension of the tube. tends to reduce it in diameter within the hole inthe tube sheet, while the expansion of the tube on both sides of the tube sheet has a contrary eii'ect; when therefore. the toolis ren'ioved the elasticity of the metal causes the tube to enlarge somewhat within the lube sheet and the projection on the tube lo close upon it and thus a most perfect joint is produced, and the great. ditleultv heretofore existing with rei gard to the tilting in iron tubes is obviated and the objections no longer exist which vwere pointed out by Professor W. R. Johnson at the monthly meeting` of the Franklin Institute held 17th, 1847, as related in the 14 vol. of the Journal of the- Franklin Institute, page 112.

Fig. 4 is a cross section of the tool through the line ae Fig. 3. y

Fig. 5 is an isometrical view of the tool but Without the inandrel.- The mandrel is 'simply a conical or pyramidical plug taper mg about 1 in 10 which 1s driven in among v the segments.

In using the tool the following instrucf tions should he attended ',to. The holes in the tube sheets should notbe larger than isabsolutely necessary to get the tubes in, and those holes through which the tubes are first to be passed should be` rather larger than the others. The tubes should be driven in when necessary with a piece of hard wood against the ends or them, to receive the blows of the hammer. The tube sheet for a two inch tube is calculated to be threeeighths of an inch thick, and count rsunk on each side the thirty-second part of an inch, so as to make the cylindrical part of the hole two inches in diameter and fivesixteenths of an inch long; but if the ube sheet is more than three eighths of an inch long the countersink must be more also and in the same proportion; for. one and-a-half and one and three-fourth inch tubes, the tube sheet should be five-sixteenths oan inch -thick. The tube should project one tenth of an inch in front of 'the tube sheet, and a sledge hammer being held against one end, the tool should be used at the other, care being taken that the segments are all free to act before striking the mandrel,.

center of each segment opposite to that part of the tube which the tool could not reach in the previous operation. This should be repeated tive or six times with care, both with regard to turning the tool round correctly one sixteenth of a revolution after 4each loosening ott the-mandril, and also driving` up the mandrel by degrees. to facilitate which the too-l should `be well payed and also the inside of the tube with grease and plumbago.

In`s01ne cases there may not be space enough to admit ot a blow being givenI with sou Cil

through by similar means at the end to be expanded; in which case the hardenedfsteel washer, minst bear against the mortise guide ring: or still another method may be em` ployed, to Wit; a erosshead with a screw through it learing against the mandrel, while another crosshead bears against the other end of the tube; or that also may have a tool placed in it, and so expand both ends at one operation, either from one or both ents; in either case the two erossheads may be connected together by long bolts passingr through the boiler or otherwise.

Having 4thus fully described the tool, and the method of using" it; l declare my invention to consist of an improvement in the tool or tools, and the method used for the purpose ot calling, fixing, or securing the tubes of steam boilers or other Vessels, to the tube sheets, by expanding,Y their whole periphery simultaneously on both sides of the tube sheet at one and the saine operation, which has heretofore been done by expanding a part only of the periphery at once, and that only on one side ot' the tube sheet.

Although it is desirable that the whole of the internal periphery oit' the tube should he supported as nearlyas is practicable at the conimcncement ot' the'opm-ation ot' expansion, it obvious that such cannot be the case atter the expansion hastalten place,

and therefore, the tubois not supported absolute Contact with the segments at that time, should any ditiiculty however arise from this circumstance it may be obviated by the use of expansion rings, of the form of the projections and in the place of those on the segments, in the manner shown in Fig. 6 or in any other manner analogous thereto.

The rings which form the projections instead of those on thesegmeut, are marked the saine as before described on Fig. 2, and need no other, being simply volutes similar to the rings used for keeping the keys of locks' together 'and overlapping on the pe riphery or otherwise.

`What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is '1. The combination of' the guide ring, havmg mortises therein, with the segmental expanders, and conical or pyramidical mandrel; constructed and operating substantially as herein described.

2. I claim as separate and component parts of the same, the double projections on the segments, having a hollow between them to be placed opposite to the tube sheet While the tube is being expanded Within it.

3. I claim the guide ring, and the mortises in the sanie, together with the projections on 'the segments to tit into them; I do not however ronne 1in/self to any specific number ot Segments, form of projection on the seg'.

ments to fit into the mortise guide ring,y er

position .of the mortise guide ring itself, which may be placed insicle the tube it' required. 4 l

All in the manner, and for the purpose substantially, as hereinbefore fully described and set forth. v

Tiros. rnossnu. iVitnesses: y A y WILLIAM BnUN'roN, Trios.` Pnossnn, Jr.

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