Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
  • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds

Definitions

• the invention relates to a liquid fertiliser based on bio-process organic residues, especially molasses residues from the production of ferment spirit or citric and fruit water from processing of potatoes.
• Some residues from industrial technologies processing agriculture products can be recycled back to soil when utilised in a form of a fertiliser.
• substrates from industrial bio-technologies such as production of ferment spirit and citric acid, applying molasses for nourishment of productive micro-organisms.
• These residues have a liquid form and comprise a whole spectrum of mineral substances which are suitable for nutrition of plants.
• Liquid residues are also obtained by starch technologies.
• the said liquid residues are in a thick form, with a content of dry matter varying in the range from 35 up to 65% of mass.
• the content of combustible organic substances in the residue dry matter reaches up to 85% of mass.
• One ton of dry substances of the liquid residues comprise from 150 up to 250 kg of mineral nutrients, including from 40 up to 80 kg of nitrogen and from 70 to 170 kg of potassium. Further, there are comprised also up to 5% of mass of calcium, about 1% of mass of magnesium, and usually all micro-nutrients such as iron, zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum and boron, their amounts depending upon the processing technology and the initial agriculture raw materials involved. Materials causing environmental pollution are present in these products only in trace quantities, the values of which are far from the limit figures being valid for hazardous substances in fertilisers. Liquid residues from the distillery production are known as molasses stillage and the residues from starch manufactures as fruit water.
• the thick bio-process residues are used as a subsidiary fertiliser, improving soil fertility, incl. agrochemical properties.
• the fertiliser has a relatively high ratio of potassium to nitrogen and practically zero phosphorus content.
• An intensive application of the fertiliser may result in an undesired increase of potassium content in the soil.
• the application of these residues in agriculture is also limited because of the form in which they are available. Usually they exist as thick liquids of the non-Newton type, the properties of which depend upon temperature, storage conditions and application of mechanic forces.
• a liquid fertiliser based on bio-process organic residues preferably on molasses residues from the production of ferment spirit or citric acid and fruit water from processing of potatoes
• the fertiliser in accordance with the present invention comprising from 10 up to 65% of mass of dry matter of organic residues and up to 50% of mass of dissolved urea and/or agrochemical matter containing phosphorus, provided the agrochemical matter is in a form of suspended particles.
• the initial material, the liquid residues, containing considerable amount of potassium is enriched by nitrogen from the urea and by phosphorus from agrochemicals, preferably a phosphate of mineral origin.
• the obtained fertiliser has a form of a colloid system having properties of a liquid, regardless of high content of dry matter. This liquid is stable even by temperatures deep below 0° C. and can be stored for a long time period. It can be easily applied in a form of a fine spray, providing for an uniform fertilising of the soil area.
• the fertiliser manifests better agrochemical efficiency than original components.
• the comprised organic matters have positive influence upon the bio-sorption of nutrients from the agrochemicals, which represent substantial part of the fertiliser dry matter.
• Organic structures of the fertiliser nutrients favourably influence yields from and quality of agriculture products and improve soil quality, help to restore biological balance and regeneration of organic substances in soil.
• Tests of agrochemical efficiency of the liquid fertiliser have shown from thirteen up to twenty two percent increase in yield from tested products in comparison with results achieved with standard mineral fertilisers of the NPK type, ie. fertilisers containing nitrogen and/or phosphorus and/or potassium.
• the application of the said liquid fertiliser manifests decrease of content of hazardous elements both in the soil and the plants, increase of content of macro nutrients in soil as well as in dry matter of cultivated plants.
• a fertiliser containing 36% of mass of dry matter of organic residues and 16% of mass of the urea.
• the content of basic nutrients in the fertiliser comprised 10% of mass of nitrogen and 5% of mass of potassium oxide.
• the fertiliser has a good fluidity, comparable to water solutions of mineral fertilisers. It is suitable for applications by spraying through fine nozzles as it has low surface tension and well wets the surface of plants. It is phase stable by temperatures down to ⁇ 25° C. and during long storage period. It has low corrosive effects upon steel, non-ferrous metals and even concrete. It is not toxic and there have been observed no necrotic effects when sprayed on common agriculture plants.
• the fertiliser is preferably suitable for nitrogen fertilising in single or divided doses.
• a fertiliser containing 40% of mass of dry matter of organic residues and 17% of mass of phosphates.
• the content of basic nutrients in the fertiliser comprised 5% of mass of nitrogen, 9% of mass of phosphorus oxide and 5% of mass of potassium oxide. Due to its good fluidity the fertiliser is suitable for applications by impact spraying applying nozzles with apertures of a diameter over 2 mm. It is phase stable even by temperatures down to ⁇ 10° C. During long storage period it may thicken up to a gel form showing tixotropic character and when mechanically mixed it regains former liquid properties. It has low corrosive effects upon steel, non-ferrous metals and even concrete.
• the fertiliser is preferably suitable for initial fertilising.
• a fertiliser containing 35% of mass of dry matter of organic residues and 20% of mass of the urea and 10% of mass of phosphates.
• Content of nutrients in the fertiliser comprised 12% of mass of nitrogen and 5% of mass of phosphorus oxide and 4% of mass of potassium oxide.
• the fertiliser presenting good fluidity is suitable for applications by impact spraying through nozzles with apertures having a diameter over 2 mm. During long storage period it may thicken to a gel form showing thixotropic character and when mechanically mixed it regains former liquid properties. It has low corrosive effects upon steel, non-ferrous metals and even concrete.
• the fertiliser is preferably suitable for productive and auxiliary fertilising in divided doses and for decomposition of straw and similar residues left after a harvest period.
• the present invention is designed for applications as nutrient for field plants, vegetables, fruit trees and vines, and for mass agriculture production as well as for small growers and garden keepers.
• the fertiliser is also usable for decomposition of organic materials, like straw, composts, wood scraps and municipal wastes.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38886241

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (9)

Citations (6)

• 1999
  • 1999-01-22 CZ CZ19998919U patent/CZ8534U1/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2000
  • 2000-01-19 BE BE2000/0040A patent/BE1013239A6/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-01-21 US US09/488,580 patent/US6352569B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (6)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events