US633850A

US633850A - Steam shovel or excavator.

Info

Publication number: US633850A
Application number: US68971898A
Authority: US
Inventors: Peter N Jonte
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1898-08-29
Filing date: 1898-08-29
Publication date: 1899-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 1916-09-26

Description

No. 633,850. Patented Sept. 26, I899.

P. N. JUNTE. v

STEAI SHOVEL 0B EXGAVATOR.

(Application fllerL Aug. 29, 1898.) (llo Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l,

Wzbzasse; ,6. w.

Patented Sept 26,1899.

P. n. JONTE, STEAI SHDVEL 0B EX CAVATD R.

(Applicy-tinn 51nd Aug. 29, 1898.) (lo- Hodal.)

3 sums-sum 2.

No. 633.850. Patented 'Seht. 26, I899. --P-: N. ,JGNIE.

STEAM SHDVEL on EXcAVA OR.

' (Application filed Aug. 29, xes. (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3,

PATEN T Onrion PETER 1v. JONTE, or CINCINNATI, OHIO.

=STAM snot/Enos EXQAyATOR.

.SPEQIEICATEON forming per- 9 Letter .E ten lilo.

633,850, dated September 26, 1899.

Application and August 29,1898. Serialll'o. 689,718. (Nolnodeh) To all whom, it natty cancer-m i vent-ion, such as willenable others .skil'ledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theac companying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in steam shovels or excavators, such as are used for excavating and ditching, and

has for its object to provide an apparatus of this character of a simple and inexpensive nature which ,shall be strong, durable, and effective and which shall be adapted for adjustment so that theescavation may be made in either .a horizontal or in an inclined plane.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction, combination, and

arrangement of the several parts of the improved apparatus whereby certain important advantages are attained and the device is.

made simpler, cheaper, and otherwise better adapted and more convenient for use, all as will be hereinafter fully setforth.

The novel features of theinvention will becarefully defined in the claims.

In the accom panying d rawings,wh ich serve to illustrate in y invention, Figure 1 is ,a side elevation showing the improved SlififillifillOYQl or excavator, and Fig. 2 is an end viewof the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of theappairatus. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail sectional view showing the friction reversingear. Figs. 5 and 6 are enlarged detail views shoWiItg the .means for driving the reversing-gear. Fig. 7 isan enlargeddetail view showing the brake device for holding the rotative platform and the carriage whereon the same is mounted against movement. Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken longitiidiually thronghthe mastof the apparatus and showing the connections ofone ,olf the cables employed for operating theshove or bucket. Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectiontakenitransversely .thr-pngh one of the sidebars of the .mast and showing the connection of the jib therewith. Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view taken of the mast and showing the connection between'the jib and the jointed frameof the apparatus.

1n the views, 1 indicates the tracks or rails 'wliereon is mounted for movement the car riag-e 2 which latter supports the apparatus and i5 providedwith track-wheels 3, running on said tracks or rails l. The tracks are usually laid in the excavation or ditch made b'ythe apparatus, though this is not essential.

ed to turn or swing pivotally, so as to impart a pivotal or turning movement in a horizontal plane'to the parts of the apparatus carried PM i 6 incl cates the mast of the apparatus, formed .of vertically-slotted side bars spaced apart and connect-ed at top and bottom, the niast being stepped pivotally, as indicated at 7, at one side of the platform and being provided with a brace pivotally connected to the other side of the platform, whereby the said nast is adapted to be swung to a vertical or rearwardly-inclined position in a perpendicular plane. The said mast is moved pivotally by means of a cable 8, which passes around a drum 9 on the platform and is adapted to be wound on or unwound from said drum when itis desired to operate the mast.

11 indicates the jib, also formed of parallel side pieces or bars suitably spaced apart and braced, one end 12 of each side piece taking over the out-er side of the mast 6. The jib is braced and held to rock pivotally at its central part upon rods or arms 13,w,hich

to the central part of the jib, and have their inner ends pivoted at the step 7 of themast 6.

.On the outer end of the jib is carried, by means of links 14, a bucket or shovel 15,

gravity when the jib'is raised and having its bottom made to be opened, so that when in proper position the contents of the bucket .or yshovel' may be readily dumped. The bucket or shovel is .alsoconnected with the fanidl7, the-end, of theilink 16 being extended longitudinally through one of the side barst indicates the revolving platform mounted 9L $011615 don top of the carriage 2 and adapt are pivotal'ly connected. at their outer ends adapted to hang suspended on said links by end bfthejib'by means of jointed links 16 and provided with a roller 18, adapted to engage a track 19, formed on the top or back face of the bucket or shovel. This arrangementserves to keep the rear end of the bucket pressed firmly against the ground and prevents it from kicking up behind. A slack chain 20 is also provided, extending between the bucket and the jib, and this serves to bring the bucket into digging position at the beginning of the stroke. The chain may be adjusted as to length so as tobring the bucket or shovel into digging position at the beginning of the digging stroke, so as to permit of commencing said digging stroke when the jib stands at different angles. As shown in the drawings, the jib is provided with a lug 20, extending up frotn it and adapted for the attachment of said chain in adjusted position.

The ends 12 of the side pieces of the jib 11 are connected, by meansof vertical links 22, with ajointed frame formed of the lower levers 23, pivotally connected at 24 with said links 22 and arranged to play outside the side bars of the tnast 6. The pivot-pins 24: extend through the slots in the side bars of the mast, so as to guide the jointed frame for movement longitudinally with relation to the mast, and inside the said side bars of the mast are formedchannels wherein play rollers 24 on the inner ends of said pivot-pins 2-1. These rollers serve to reduce the friction as the jointed framemoves upon the mast.

The upper ends of the levers 23 are piv- Otally connected, as shown at 25, with the upper level-s26 of the frame, which levers 2b are pivotally connected togetherat 27 and play inside the side bars of the tnast. The jointed frame isheld in place by means of the long upper links 28, which are connected at their lower ends with the pivot-pins 25 of the

levers

23 and 26 of the jointed frame and have their upper ends pivoted, as shown at 29, between the upper ends of the side bars of the mast.

At the lower end of the mast is arranged a double pulley 30, under which passes a pair of

cables

31 and 31, connected to the upper and lower ends of the jointed frame, as will be hereinafter described, and arranged to wind in opposite directions on the drum 32, mounted on the platform 4. The cable 31 after being passed under the pulley 30 is connected to a loop, the two ends 30 of which pass over pulleys or sheaves 30 on the outer ends of the pivot-pin 29 at the top of the mast, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Thence the ends of said loop are carried down and around pulleys or sheaves 24: on the outer ends of the pivot-pins 2% at the lower end of the jointed frame, and thence said ends of the loop are carried upward along the outer faces of the side bars of the mast and connected by eyes 6 to the upper ends of said side bars. If desired, the pulleys or sheaves 24 may be dispensed with and the ends of the loop may be attached directly to the lower end of the jointed frame instead of the upper end of the mast; but by the means shown greater leverage is attained and the power exerted to move the bucket or shovel in digging is increased. The other cable 31 is also carried upward after being passed beneath the sheave or pulley 30 and is carried over a sheave or pulley 29*, arranged on the pivot-pin 29 at the upper end of the mast and located centrally between the side bars of the same, and thence said cable is carried down, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, around a sheave or pulley 27 on the pivot-pin 27 at the upper end of the jointed frame. Thence said cable is carried upward and connected to an eye (3" at the upper end of the mast, as clearly seen in said figure. The cable 31 might also be connected directly to the upper end of the jointed frame; but by the employment of the sheave or pulley 27* increased power is attained. By this arrangement when the drum 32 is turned in'one direction, so as to wind the cable 31 thereon and to unwind the cable 31 from the drutn, the lower end of the jointed frame will be drawn upward, the upperend of said frame being correspondingly lowered by reason of the pivotal connections of the levers 0f the frame with each other and with the links 28. The inner end of the jib being connected with the lower end of the jointed frame by means of the links 22, said inner end of the jib will be moved upward, causing the jib to swing pivotally upon the rods 13, whereby the outer end of the jib and the bucket or shovel carried thereon will be moved in toward the mast 6. WVhen the drum 32 is turned in the opposite direction to unwind the cable 31 and wind the cable 31" upon the'drum, the upper end of the jointed frame, which was lowered in moving 'the bucket or shovel toward the mast, will be raised, and the lower end of said frame will be again lowered to the position shown in Fig. 1. The jib connected to the lower end of the jointed frame will thus be swung pivot-ally on the arms or rods 13, and the shovel or bucket carried on the outer end of the jib will be moved in a direction away from and at right angles to the plane in which the mast stands, so as to readily and properly fill said bucket, as will be readily understood.

The drums 9 and are mounted on shafts 33, held in bearings 42 on the platform and driven from any suit-able source of poweras, for example, from an engine (not shown) mounted upon the platformand said drums are operated by reversing-gears of similar construction,\vliich I will now describe. Each shaft has feathered on it a clutch member 34, (see Fig. 4,) on opposite sides of which are loosely mounted on the shaft friction-disks 35 and 36, each constructed with a

pulley

37 and 40, respectively. Over the pulley 37 passes a belt 38, which extends down and passes around the thickened part of a shaft 39, journaled under the platform 4 of the'apparatus. Over IIO the pulley 40 passes a belt 4 1, which also extends down and is crossed, its lower bight beingalso passed around the thickened portion of the shaft 39. In this wayit will be seen that the shaft 39 is capable of being alternately driven in opposite directions from the disks 35 and 36. Each shaft 33 is made hollow or tubular atits end whereat the reversing-gear is located, and in the hollow 43 of the shaft is arranged a screw-threaded stem 44, screwing in a nut secured to one of the bearingblocks 42 of the shaft and having at its outer end a hand-wheel 46, by means of which the screw-stem may he turned. The other end of the screw-stem carries a pin 47, which plays through a slot in the shaft 43 and has engagement with the clutch member 34 in such a way that when the screw-stem is moved length wise in the hollow of shaft 33 its movement will be imparted to the clutch member 34, so as to move the same into operative engagement with one or the other of the friction-disks 35 and 36. The clutch member, to-; gether with the shaft whereon the same is feathered, will thus be caused to drive the shaft 39 in one or the other direction, according as the clutch member is engaged with the disk 35 or with the disk 36. When the stem 44 is turned so as to move the clutch member 34 to a central position, it is evident neither of the disks 35 and 36 will be driven, and consequently the shaft 39 will remain stationary. The shaft 39 also drives the platform 4, being provided with a friction gear-wheel 48, which meshes with an annular gear-face 49 on the top of the carriage 2, and said shaft alsodrives, by means of bevel friction-gears 50 and 5i, a vertical shaft 52, journaled' on the carriage 2 at the center of the gear-face 4:9 and having its lower end provided with a bevel-gear 53,

which meshes with a bevel-gear 54: on one of the axles 55 of the carriage.

To hold the carriage'2 against movement along its tracks when the platform is being turned, and also to hold the platform4a-gainst rotative movementas, for example, while the carriage is being moved along its tracks, the clutch member .being in each case engaged with one or the other of the disks 35 and 36, according to the direction of movement requiredI employ the brake device shown in Figs. 1 and 7. This device consists of two levers 56 and 57,- pivoted at 58 and 59,

respectively, and pivotally connected at 60 with a screw-shaft 61, which engages a not held on the carriage and is provided with a hand-wheel 62, by means of which it may be turned. The lever 56 extends upwardly and has its upper end provided with a serrated shoeadapted for engagement with the under side of the'platform 4:.

V The lever 57 extends downwardly and has I its lower end connected by a link 64 with an arm 65, pivoted under thecarrlage and carrying at its lower end a brake-shoe 66130. engage thetread of the wheel ,3 of the carriage.- By;

'tion during the digging stroke.

this construction it will be seen that'when the shaft 61' is turned in one. direction the shoe on lever 56 will be engaged with the platform to hold the same against rotative movement, and whensaid shaft is turned in the other direction the shoe 66 will be engaged with wheel 3, so as to hold the carriage securely against movement along its tracks.

During the digging stroke of the shovel or bucket and at other times when it is desired to hold both the carriage and platform sta; tionary the clutch member 34 will be held in its central position out of engagement with both disks 35 and 36, so that no movement will be imparted to said carriage and plat form. At such times, if desired, the carriage may be held against movement along its tracks by means of suitably-arranged blocks or chucks beneath the wheels 3 thereof..

In operation when it is desired to dig a trench or other excavation with a horizontal bottom the mast 6 is held in a vertical posi- When said mast is inclined during the digging stroke of the bucket or shovel, the sides or end of the excavation will be correspondingly inclined. At the beginning of the stroke of the bucket or shoveLwhen the same stands adjacent to the carriage, the pivotpoint 24 of the jointed frame will be raised to the upper part of the mast, the pivot-point 27 being correspondingly lowered, so that the positions of these two pivot-points as they are shown in Fig. 1 will be reversed. The ends 12 of the jib being connected to the pivot-point 24 of the jointed frame by means of links 22, as seen in .Fig. 9,- will be correspondingly raised, while the bucket carried on the outer end of the jib will be moved to a position adjacent to the carriage 2. The cable 31 being wound on the drum 32, the positions of the pivotpoints 24: and 27 of the jointed frame will be gradually reversed, assuming thepositions shown in Fig. l, the inner end of the jib 11 being drawn down while said jib is swung pivotally on its braces 13, causing the bucket or shovel held on the outer end of the jib to be moved in a direction away from the carriage, its-forward edge entering the earth at the bottom of the excavation, so as to till the bucket. The movementof the drum is stopped whenthe bucket reaches the end of its out or digging stroke and stands in' the position shown in Fig. 1, and the hoisting-drum 9 is then actuated to wind thereon the cable 8 thereby throwing the mast 6. backward to a rearwardly-inclined position and raising the lease the shoe 66 from engagement with the platform and cause the same, together with the mast and jibcarried thereon, to swing in thearc of a circle, so as to move the-bucket IIO or shovel 15 to one side of the excavation to permit it to be dumped. After the bucket has been dumped the screw-shafts 44: are manipulated to reverse the rotative movement of the platform 4:, so as to return the bucket or shovel to a position over the excavation, and simultaneously the mast (3 is returned to its vertical position, (shownin Fig. 1,) after which the bucket is lowered into the excavation again and the pivot-points of the jointed frame are returned to their first positions by reason of the shortening of the cable 31, which is then wound on the drum 3:3, whereby the jib is again moved pivotally and the bucket on the outer end thereof is moved over toward the carriage, so as to be in position to begin the next digging stroke, when the preceding operation shall be repeated.

By the employment of the jointed frame and long upper links 28 uniform speed and power are imparted to the bucket throughout the entire length of its stroke, so that the variations in speed and power of the bucket which would be caused were these parts omitted and the cable from the drum 32 connected directly with the inner end of the jib are altogether avoided.

From the above description it will be obvious that the apparatus constructed according to my invention is of an extremely simple and inexpensive construction and is especially well adapted for use in excavating, since the strains imposed upon the several parts in the operation of the apparatus are equalized, so that the liability of breakage is lessened. It will also be obvious from the above description that the apparatus is capable of some modification without material'departure from the principles and spirit of the invention, and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise form and arrangement of the several parts herein set forth.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In an excavating apparatus, the combiotal movement to said jib, substantially as set forth.

4. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast pivotally mounted and adapted to be swung in a vertical plane to a vertical or to an inclined position, a jib, pivotally mounted independent of the mast and having one end guided for movement along the mast, a bucket or shovel on the other end of said jib, means for imparting pivotal movement to the jib, and means for moving said mast pivotally in a vertical plane, substantially as set forth.

5. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast pivotally mounted and adapted to be swung in a vertical plane to a vertical or to an inclined position, a brace pivoted at one end and also adapted to swing in a vertical plane, a jib pivotally mounted at its central portion on said pivoted brace and having one end connected to the mast and adapted for movement lengthwise along the same, a bucket or shovel carried on the other end of the jib, means for imparting pivotal movement to the jib, and means for moving said mast pivotally, in a vertical plane, substantially as set forth.

6. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast mounted forswinging movement in a vertical plane, a jib pivotally mounted at its central part and having one end connected to the mast and adapted for movement lengthwise along the same, a bucket or shovel carried on the other end of the jib, means for imparting pivotal move ment to the jib, an equalizing device connecting said means with the jib, and means for swinging said mast, substantially asset forth.

7. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jib pivotally mounted at its central part and having one end connected to the mast and adapted for movement lengthwise along the same, a bucket or shovel carried on the other end of the.jib, means for imparting pivotal movement to the jib, and an equalizing device connecting said means nation ofa platform,a mast pivotally mounted with the jib, substantially as set forth.

and adapted to be swung in a vertical plane to a vertical or to an inclined position, a jib having pivotal connection with the platform connected at one end to the mast, a bucket or shovel carried on the outer end of the jib, and means for moving said mast pivotally in a vertical plane, substantially as set forth.

2. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jib, pivotally mounted independently of said mast and having one end guided for movement along the mast, a bucket or shovel on the other end of said jib, and means forimparting pivotal movement to said jib, substantially as set forth.

3. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a pivoted brace, a jib pivotally mounted on said pivoted brace and 8. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jib pivotally mounted at its central part and having one end connected to the mast and adapted for movement lengthwise along the same, a bucket or shovel carried on the other end of the jib, means for moving the jib pivotally, and an equalizing device interposed between said means and the jib and consisting of a jointed frame formed of pivotally-connected upper and lower levers and links pivotally connecting opposite sides of said frame with the mast, substantially as set forth.

9. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a mast, a jointed frame connected at opposite sides to the mast and consisting of two sets of pivotally-connected levers having upper and lower pivot-points adapted for movement lengthwise of the mast, a pivoted jib connected to the jointed frame and provided with a buelzet or shovel, and ineans for I moving said jointed frame, substantially as set forth.

1 10. In an excavating apparatus, the eomhination of a jib, a bucket or shovel pivotally connected thereto, pivotally-conneeted links pivoted to-the bucket or shovel and to the jib, respectively, and a roller carried by one link and havingengagement with the bucket, substantially as set forth. I

11. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a carriage having wheels and axles,

a platform mounted to turn on the carriage, a mast on the platform, a shovel or bucket carried by the mast, a driving-shaft, gearing to'impart movement alternately in opposite directions from the driving'sl1aft to both said carriage and platform, and means arranged when moved to hold said carriage and platform alternately against movement, substantially as set forth. Y t

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presenceof two Witnesses. I

PETER N. JONTE,

, Witnesses:

' JOHN ELIAS J ONES, JLD. THORNE.