US1107899A - Excavator. - Google Patents

Description

L. P. CLUTTER.

EXGAVATOB.

APPLICATION FILED 11111:: 11, 1911.

1, 1 07,899. Patented Aug. 18, 1911 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

l'VlT/VESSES: [NVEN TOR.

L. P C 1. u T1171.

' A TTORNEYS L. P. GLUTTER.

EXGAVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1911 1,107,899. Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

5 SHBETS-SHEBT 2.

m {@3 a q In N a Q g s I WITNESSES N INVENTOR.

L.PCLUTTER I I kmai L.. P. GLUTTBR.

EXOAVATOB.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1911.

1,107,899. Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

(Luv-TEFL A TTORNE Y5 L. P. GLUTTBR.

EXCAVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1911.

1 1 07,899, Patented Aug. 18, 1914 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSES INVENTO/c.

LUTTE L. P. GLUTTER.

EXOAVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1911.

v1 1(] '7' 899 Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

5 snnnws--s1inm 5.

.: To all whom it may cancem:

. um'ran STATES PATENT OFFICE.

mam: r. cm'rran, ornate ticmrarusxtvama nxcavaron Be it known that I, Lnnor P. Onvrmn, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Deer Lick, in the county of Greene and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Exorator without affecting theoperation of the motor. (3) To provide a device adapted for pivotal movement on a vertical axis and having a beam ivoted on a horizontal axis to form a way or atraveling excavatingbucket, the beam and the bucket being controllably moved through independent connections from a single shaft. (4) To provide a device of this character in which the movements of the excavating bucket and the beam on which it travels are controllable independently of each other and from approximately the same point; also to provide means for moving the beam and its bucket bodily on a pivotal axis, with the operating mechanism for providing such movements in fixed position. (5) To provide improvements of the support for the excavating bucket whereby the ucket may be positionable in parallelism with or angularly to the direction of length of the support for the bucket. 56) To provide an improved excavating buc (ct adapted to ermit of a dumping of the material at wi l. (7) To provide an improved mechanism for steadying the device, said mechanism being movable into and out of an operative position without removal from the ap aratus. V

ther objects are to provide a device of this character which is composed mainly of metallic beamsof ordinary cross-sectional configuration, to provide a built-up structure of exceeding strength and of few parts, all

arranged compactly and-of a stren th adapted to withstand rough usage and the strains to which a device of thistype is-put; also to rovide a device which is simple and eflicient 1n operation, durable in construction, readily Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 17, 1 1- enal H 633.668.

Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

repaired, and which can be manufactured and installed at a relatively low cost.

To these, and other ends, the nature of h which will be readily understood as my in vention, is hereinafter disclosed, said invention consists in the improved construction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference characters indicate similar parts in each of the views Figure 1 .is a view.

in side elevation of my device applied to the frontof a portable engine, the excavator bucket audits supporting beam being shown as Slightly i d. Fig. 2 is a front elevation:- of the same with the bucket and the su poitsz ing frame shown as swung to one si e, the supporting beam being shown in substantially horizontal position. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation similar to Fig. 1, with the bucket carrying beam raised and omitting the side supports for the device. Fig. 4 is a front elevation showing the parts on a slightly enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a view partly insection showing the means for con.- necting the pull ropes to the drive shaft. Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-- 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view of portions of the device showing the operating mechanism for operating the pull ropes or cables, and the means for providing the pivotal movements to the apps ratus. Fig. 8 IS a detail view showing the mechanism for controlling the movements of themechanism by means of which the apparatus is moved pivotally. Fig. 9 is a detail view showing the excavating bucket in longitudinal section, and its mounting on the beam on which-it is supported, the latter parts being shown in elevation. Fig. 10 is a top plan view of rtions of the structure shown in Fig. 9.

takeuon the 'ne 11--11, Fig. 10. Fig. "12 is ig.'11 isa sectional view.

a detail view in elevation of a portion-ofthe steadyingdevice. Fig. 13 is 'a plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken on the line 14-14, Fig;

13. Fig. 15 is a sectional plan of a port/ion. of the machine. 1 1

The present invention is designedmore' j particularly as anattaohment capable of be' in'g placed in position at the front or other convenient point of a suitable motor, preferablyof a. portable or traction steam engine a therefrom so as to place the ing positioned approximately midway of the distance between said beams, but spaced pintle in advance of the cross-beam 21.

Secured to the beams and extending vertically therefrom and spaced from" the front ends thereof are vertical uprights 23 which are connected together at their upper ends by a suitable brace 24%, these parts forming the rear frame of the apparatus. Extending vertically from said beams 20 at a point adjacent the front ends of said beams are two-part uprights 25, each of said uprights extending in two vertical planes substantially parallel but spaced apart, the lower part of these uprights extending on a plane inside of the plane of the upper part, as indicated in Fig. 2, said parts being connected together by suitable plates or other connections 26, the structure being such as to provide a front frame for the apparatus, the lower part of which frame is of a length between the upright portions less than the length between the upper portions of the up rights. Said uprights of the front frame are also connected at their tops by a brace The two frames are connected by braces 28.

Rising vertically in the plane of the front frame and. intermediate the upright members forming said frame, are two spacedapart bars or members 30 which are secured to the top and bottom braces of said frame, and secured to the front of said bars or members adjacent the top brace 27 is one of the members of a top pivotal connection 31, presently described, the pintles of the top connection 31 and pintle member 22 having their axes substantially in vertical alinement in order that the swinging portion of the apparatus presently described may beswung on a substantially vertical axis, which axis corresponds to the axis of a circular member 32 positioned at the top of the apparatus and which is adapted to rovide the turning movements of the shifbable portion of the apparatus.

The shiftable portion of the apparatus is connected to the frame work above described by means of the complemental members of the pivotal connections referred to, said complemental members being carried by a vertical upright 33 suitably formed, but preferserves as a connecting and bracingv ably comprising two metallic bars spaced apart with the hinge members extending therebetween and secured in such position. The upper end of the upright 33 is provided with a horizontal member 34L to the top surface of which the circular member 32 is secured, said niemberjd projecting forwardly beyond said circular member and having its forward end secured to and inclined to a beam or member 35 inclined to the vertical and having its lower end secured to the lower end of the upright 33, said beam 35 being also preferably formed of metallic beams spaced apart-,... in order to provide strength with lightness. The upper end of said beam or member 35 carries the sheave or pulley 36 over which one of the pull ropes or cables hereinafter referred to passes, the structure being such that said beam 35 retains its position relative to the vertical upright 33, regardless of the pivotal movements of the shifting apparatus.

Pivotally secured at the lower end of the u right 33 is the supporting beam or carrier 3'? for the excavating bucket, said beam being preferably formed as indicated in Figs. 9-, 10, and 11, consisting principally of a metallic beam preferably composed of, two spaced-apart members secured together, the lower flanges of said beam forming a runway on which the bucket travels. The outer end of said beam is provided with a sheave or pulley 38 over which the pull rope or cable for the movements of the bucket passes. Said front end is also provided with a suitable member such as an eye 39, to which the outer end of the pull rope or cable for controlling the movements of the beam 37 is secured in a suitable manner.

The parts heretofore described comprise the main portion of the frame work of both the stationary and the shiftable portions of the derrick. As will be readil understood, the shiftable portion is so 'ormed as to permit of a swinging or pivotal movement bodily on the upper and lower pivotal connections 22 and 31, While the supporting beam 37. may. be raised or lowered on its pivot while at the same time provision is made for moving the bucket lengthwise of said. beam, these being all of the movements of the swinging portion of a derrick required to perform the desired work, and the construction is such that the parts are of a maximum strength without an increase in weight of material, while all of the parts are so braced as to withstand all strains, etc., to which they may be subjected in the operation of the apparatus.

The excavating bucket, designated as 40,

is preferably formed as shown in Fig. 9,

consisting of a bottom d1, pivotally con-.

nected with the forward end of a wall 42 rising vertically from the plane of the bottom in closed osition, said wall 42 extending around su stantially three sides of the periphery of the bottom, leaving the front open, opposite sides being preferably 1nclined, as shown, the outer face of the wall 42 and the peripher of the bottom belng on an approximate p)ane to rovide a structure in which the ottom ies against the under edge of the wall 42. The bottom is provided at its front with a plurality of teeth or fingers 43, which are adapted to act in advance of the front edge of the bottom in loosening the material being operated upon. The front edge of the bottom may be straight or curved in its direction of length as may be desired, it being understood t at the material taken up by the bottom in the movements of the bucket will be carried backward into the interior of the bucket, as

the latter is given its forward movement in operation. I

The bucket is secured on the carrier beam 37 by means of a sup orting frame com-' the composite beam 37, and in addition to this construction a, further support is rovided by a U-shaped frame 47 adapts to straddle the underface ofthe beam 37 and having its ends formed with bearings adapted to can wheels or rollers 48 which also travel on t e runway of the beam at a point spaced from and in rear of the wheels 46. The U-shaped frame 47 is supported in proper position through suitable supports 49 extending from the lower portion of the wall 42 to the shaft for the roller 48, and additionally by means of an adjustable connecting rod 50, the rear end of which is carried by the shaft for the roller 48 while the forward end extends through an opening formed in an angle bracket 51 carried by the bar 44, the rod 50 having its forward end screw-threaded and being provided with nuts 52 located on each side of the bracket 51, this articular construction permitting of variations in the inclination of the bottom of the bucket in normal position, it being readily understood that an adjustment of the nuts 52 will cause the upper portion of the bucket to be shifted longitudinally of the beam without aflecting the position of the lower portion, thereby permitting the bottom to extend in a plane parallel or inclined to the direction of length of the beam, as may be desired.

For the purpose of retaining the U-shaped frame or yoke 47 in position, I preferably connect it tothe supports 49. This particular construction provides a carrier for the bucket in which the weight of the load is placed on both airs of rollers or wheels, the weight on the orwardpair 46* prov1d1ng a downward pressure on thelowenflange of the beam 37, while the rear-pair er rollers 48 receive the thrust provided -bythe load (the rollers 46 acting in the nature 'of a pivot for the entire bucket structurey-and' placing the pressure m an u ward-direction against timeto permit of a relatively free movement of the carria e formed by the two pairs of rovided is such as to resist the pressure 0 the load, and at the same T rolls longitu inally of the beam the result being that a maximum load can 1e manipu lated in any desired manner without lacing an excessive strain on the apparatus or providing such movements. The bottom, as

heretofore stated, is pivotall cpnnected to the wall 42 at the forward en 5 of such wall.

To retain it normally closed, I preferably form an opening at a suitablepoint at the bottom of the wall 42 and mount a spring pressed catch member 53 at a point where its hook will enga e a complemental member 54 carried b t e bot-tom, this construction providing or a normal engagement of parts to retain the bottom closed. To permit the bottom to swing free a ro e or cable 55 is secured to the catch 53 an led backward to a point convenient to the o erator who, when he desires to dump the ucket, simply draws upon the rope or cable'55, and releases the catch member 53 ermitting the bottom to dro and dump t e load. For the purpose 0 returning the bottom to its normal position after dumping, any suitable means may be provided, but I prefer to con-' nect the bottom to the cable 55 by a short cable 56, the connections being such that when the bottom has been swung open the operator may draw upon the cable 55 and swing the bottom to its normal position where the catch members 53 and'54 will automatically enga e. As the bottom swings forwardly upon t e-pivot at the forward end of the bucket, the cable 56 willbe carried therewith. When the bottom is open and it be desired to close it by pullingrearwardly uponthe cable 55, it is obvious that the cable 56 will be carried therewith, the latter drawing the bottom to closed position and to a position where the bottom can be engaged by the catch whereby the bottom will be maintained closed.

For the purpose of providing the various movements to the shiftable portion of the derrick I preferably provide the following: 57 desi notes a shaft extending laterally across t e stationary frame and preferably in juxtaposition to the front upright frame, which shaft is provided with a drive pulley 58 connected to the motor in a suitable manner The shaft 57 extends entirely across the frame and 1S provided'wwith a pair of wheels 59, 60 keyed or otherwise suitably secured, each of said wheels being periphec' ally beveled, as shown in l ig. 5, for the purpose of cooperating with; complementnl members 61, 62 loosely mounted on the shaft,- each of said members being in the form of a circular web having a flared periphery or apron, said apron normally overlying its wheel 59 or 60, as shown in Fig. 5. The members 61 and 62 are loosely mounted on the shaft 57 and are adapted to be coupled together by movements axially of the shaft 1 provided by an arm 6;? pivoted at one end to member 61,. or 62, as the case may be, the

till

construction being such that movements of the bell crank lever will cause a frictional engagement or disengagement between the complemental members of the coupling indi cated at 59 and 61 or 60 and 62, such engagement causing the memberbl or 62 to be driven by the shalt 57, a release of such on gagement destroying such drive connection. The hub of each of the members 61 and 62 is preferably provided with sprocket teeth torthe purpose oi driving a sprocket chain adapted to operate suitable winding structure, a preferred type of which is shown-in the drawing and which comprises a shaft 67 forming the drive shaft and on which a sprocket wheel 68 is mounted and connected to the member 61 or 62, as the case may be. Said shait is also provided with a pinion 69' adapted to engage with a gear 70 mounted on a shaft 71 carrying a winding drum 72 upon which the rope or cable is adapted to be wound or unwound.

As heretofore set forth, thereare two independent movements of parts, via, a movement of the excavating bucket longitudinally oi. the beam 37, and a movement of the beam 37 on its pivot. Inasmuch as independent movements may be required, each movement is provided by a separate winding mechanism and these winding mechanisms are prefera ly arranged as shown in Fig, l, the mechanism for moving the beam 37 on its pivot being preferably located above the shaft 57, while the mechanism for moving the bucket longitudinally of the beam is located below such shaft, this particular con struction permitting of the use of the two driving members 59 and 60 on the same shaft and independently connectible to a winding mechanism, the sprocket connections being arranged on the outer sides of the coupling devices,

' 73 designates the winding cable for the beam 37,-said cable having one end secured to the eye ah/the cable passing over the sheave or pulley 36 and two idler ulleys 74: and 7-5 carried respectively by .t e upright 33 and members 80, to the winding drum 7 2 of the mechanism operated by the wheel 59 (the upper mechanism). ignates the winding cable for the bucket, which cable has its front end connected to the base 14, as shown in Fig, 9, and is then carried forward to the end of the beam 37, over the pulley 38 and reaiwvard over idler pulleys 77 and 7 8, respectively, to the winding drum 7-2 of the lower mechanism. By this construction it will be seen that both of the cables 73, 76 are so arranged that 76 desthe point on which the shiitable portion or vthe derrick is pivoted is so positioned as to have the axis of the pivotalconnections ea tend through that portion of the two cables which lie between the pulleys 7d and 7 5 and the pulleys 77 and 78, respectively, so that the pulleys and 78 do not change their positions during the swinging movements of the derrick, while the pulleys 7d and 77 swing with the derriclr and without afiecting the cables, this shifting movement being possible without liability of the cables passing from the pulleys 74c and 7 7 For the purpose of operating the two cable winding mechanisms previously described, ll employ two levers 7 9 and 80, the former being connected to and adapted to operate a sleeve 81, suitably supported for pivotal movement on the rear uprights, and carrying an arm 82 which is adapted to connect with the bell crank lever 65 through a linlr 83 of the mechanism for operating the lower winding mechanism, said lever 75 having a suitable latch device for retaining it in adjusted position. i'lhe lever is connected to a shaft 84 extending through the sleeve 81 andv connected to the bell crank lever of the upper winding mechanism in a manner similar to the connection of the sleeve 81 to its particular mechanism, thelever 80 also having latching mechanism for the purpose of retaining the parts in adjusted position.

As will be seen by reference to Fig. 5, the member 61 is movable axially to place it in driven engagement with the wheel 59, the engagement providing a friction drive between the parts and serving to wind the cable on the-drum When this frictional en-' gagement is broken by moving the member 61 axially in the opposite direction, the en tire winding mechanism is released and the cable is permitted to run out freely under thg weight of the parts connected to the ca le.

mechanism in a fixed position, ll preferably employ one or more blocks 85, theinner faces ct which are engaged by'thexme'mber In order toretain the winding J 61 when the latter is drawn-away from the wheel 59 to its greatest extent, the movements of the'lever 80 controlling the-degree of pressure between the member 61 and the blocks 85, this latter provision being made for the purpose of providing either simply a brake mechanism or an absolute stop, depending upon the degree of pressure applied by the member '61 onto the face of the blocks 85. It is to be understood (andthis will be apparent from Fig. 4) that a similar construction and operation .is provided in connection with the wheel 60;

From the above description, it will be seen that when it is desiredto provide a sequence of operations to the parts, all mechanism forproviding these operations is controlled from a point where the services of but a single operator are required.

Owing to the many uses to which the device may be employed, and the many varieties of operations which may be practised, all of the descriptions of operations are not set forth; a few examples, however, are 'ven.

A er the apparatus has been moved into the desired location for the purpose of excavating by carrying the bucket vertically against a wall which may be found in front of the. bucket, the beam 37 is lowered by releasing the holding mechanism provided by the lever 80 which allows the forwardi end of the beam to move downward to the: desired point, at which point the lever 80 is again manipulated to bring the member 60. into tight frictional engagement with its holding blocks 85. The bucket, which has its bottom in closed position, is then moved forwardly on the beam 37 by actuating the lever 79 tothrowthe member 62 into contact with the wheel 60 and throwing the lower winding mechanism into operation. The bucket moves forwardly until it reaches a desired position and into contact with the wall which is being operated upon, whereupon both mechanisms may be brought into operation with the result that the beam 37 is moved vertically and at the same time the bucket is drawn toward the outer end of the: beam, thus causing the bucket to penetrate the wall and at the same time to be moved upwardly therein until the bucket has been filled, whereupon the lever 79 may be manipulated to permit the bucket to reverse its direction of movement on the beamand be withdrawn from the wall. The beam 37. isv

tion where it will be positioned over theoint where the load is to be dropped, such,

manipulated by thefo rater toclose the bottom 41),; whereupon roper manipulation of the-levers'and the 'evlce for moving the ?paratus pivotally (firesently describe the parts are return to a positionready'to take up-a new load.

As will, be readily understood, the lever manipulations may be entirely separate from each other or combined,- the twoindepivotal connections under the control of the operator, I preferabl employ the following mechanism: Mounte projects above the plane ofthe upper ends of said uprights and is provided with a sprocket wheel 87, with which a sprocket chain 88 coiiperates, said chain having its ends connected to the periphery of the circular member 32', the construction being such that upon a rotation of the shaft 86, said member 32 will be given a pivotal motion on an axis extendmg in a plane corresponding to the axis of the pivotal connection for the shiftable .portion of the apparatus. For the purpose of roviding rotation of the' shaft, 86, I

pre erably employ power from the main drive shaft, through the medium of a worm and. worm gear connection carried respectively by a shaft 89 and the shaft 86, as shown in Fig. 7, the shaft 89 carrying a wheel 90 located between the wheels 59 and 60 but positionable out of contact with both. The shaft 89 is mounted in a bearing 91 which is slidable on a suitable support so as to shift-the wheel 90 into engagement with either of the wheels 59 and 60, the sliding movement of the' shaft bearing being rovlded through a suitable lever connec ion shown in Fig. 8 in which a lever 92 is connected to the bearing through the medium of a-link connection 93, the lever having a pawl structure by means of which the bearmg may be held in any of its adjusted positions. By this particular construction, it will be understood that the normal position of the wheel 90am be at apoint out of contact with either of the wheels 59 or 60,-'in which position the shiftable portion of the apparatus is held against rotation by reason of the worm and worm gear structure which would prevent any shifting of such portion of. the ap aratus on its pivot. When it is desired to sh these parts, the lever 92 is o'p'eratedto at one r on suitable braces connectm the rear uprights 23 is a verticallexten mgshaft 86, the. upper end. of whic er that the shiftable portion of the which direction it is desired that the shifting portion of the apparatus shall move; when the deslred pSlt1OIr-1S reached the lever 92 is moved back to its initial position,

thereby disconnecting the wheel from its drive wheel (the wheel 59 or 60, as the case may be), leaving the parts in their proper adjusted position. 1

l Aswill be readily understood, the relative lightness of the apparatus employed compared with the heavy strains and pressures placed thereon in operation, will tend to cause vibrations to the apparatus. To avoid these as much as possible, 1 preferably one-- ploy a steadying apparatus by means of which lateral vibrations are reduced to the minimum, The means for steadying the apparatus comprises two devices which are substantially duplicates, one being secured to each side of the stationary portion of the apparatus. The specific structure of the de vices is illustrated more particularly in Figs. 2, 12, 13 and 1t, and since the devices are substantially duplicates, a description oi one will sufiice.

Secured to the upright 25, at a point adjacent its top, are two plates 94,-, the lower ends of which are bolted to two spaced-apart bars and to a brace member 96 extending laterally across and projecting outside or the uprights 25, the plates 9% and brace member 95, providing a stifl frame or support for the bars 95, each or which is provided with space-depart openings 97 to permit of adijustinent in the position of the bars relative to the saidlframe, Adjacent to the lower ends the bars 95 are connected together in spaced-apartrelation by suitable straps 98.

(in the opposite edge of said bars, each is provided with inwardly extending projecting portions 99 which, in connection with the 'straps;98, complete a slideway for an adjustable member or bar 100 havingits lower end pivotally connected to a plate 101 preferably having its corners bent downwardly as shownin Figs. 12 and 13. At a suitable point in the length of said bar 100 I preferably provide a plurality of ratchet teeth indicated at 102, whichare adapted to be engagedby either one of two pawls103 mounted on a pin 10d carried in brackets 105 'pmitioned on the bars 95, said pawls being of difierent length so as to permit of adjustment of the bar 100 in the direction of length of the bars 95 in relatively small distances without the necessit of a lar e nuniher of ratchet teeth, thereby enabling of the formation ot'teeth of suficient size to retain the parts in. adjusted position. The plate 101 is also pivotally connected to a brace 106 which; has its rear end pivotally connected to thestatipnary itrame oi the apparatus, said base being formed in two parts in the nature of a toggle device, one of the parts being or": relatively short length.

lln use, the partsare arranged as shown in full lines in Fig, 2, with the plate 101 in contact with the ground, the brace 106 having its parts in alinement; by manipulating the pawls 103, the proper adjustment as to length between the ground and the upper end of the steadying device is secured with sutliciently close accuracy as to prevent lateral swaying oi the apparatus in use When it is desired to release the steadying device, it is necessary only to release the engagemerit between the active pawl 108 and the rack termed by the ratchet tooth 102, whereupon the bar 100 may be moved longitudinallyoii the bars 95 to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the brace 106 having its form changed to permit it to assume the position shown in said dotted lines. This latter position removes the steadying device to an out of the way position. As these devices are duplicated on opposite sides oi the apparatus, it will be readily understood that the apparatus is firmly held against. lateral swaying or substantial vibratory movement and by reason of its resence, pro vides an apparatus structure relatively light and of a minimum weight. This particular structure is especially adapted for use in connection with apparatus being used where the ground is not hard and where'there is a tendency oi the apparatus to sink. in such case the swinging of the beam 37 laterally has the efi'ect of causing a pressure to be placed on the side to which the beam is being swung. When this action takes lace,

it the surface of the ground on who the plate 101 rests is not suficiently hard to sustain such pressure, the plate will tend to sink under this pressure and upon the return movement of the beam, which has the ezdect of releasing a portion of this pressure, the upper portion of the apparatus will tend to draw the outer casing provided by the members 95 upwardly relatively to the bar 100 thereby permitting a pawl to engage a difiier'ent notch and thus automatically take up for any sagging or sinhng oi the plate in use, so that in operation any tendency of the apparatus to rock due to the sinking of the plates will be corrected and practically eliminated by the successive operation of the beam in this respect, thus eliminating any requirement for the use of jacks or any similar mechanism for the purpose of retaining the parts steady.

a While l have herein presented and described a preferred form for carrying my the right to claim any and all such changesand modifications as may be found necessary and advisable, so long as such changes and modifications fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:--

I. In excavating apparatus, a "frame pivoted on a vertical axis, a bucket support pivoted thereto on a horizontal axis and having its outer side faces formed to provide a runway longitudinally of the support, an excavating bucket having rollers mounted in said runways, said rollers being located in rear of and spaced from said bucket.

2. In excavating apparatus, a frame pivoted on a vertical axis, a bucket support pivoted thereto on a horizontal axis and having its outer side faces formed to provide a runway longitudinally of the support, an excavating bucket having rollers mounted in said runway, said rollers being arranged in pairs spaced apart in the direction of length of the runway and positioned in rear of the bucket.

33. In excavating apparatus, a frame pivoted on a Vertical axis, a bucket support pivoted thereto on a horizontal axis and having its outer side faces formed to provide a runway longitudinally of the support, an excavating bucket having rollers mounted in said runway, said rollers being arranged in pairs spaced apart in the direction of length of the runway, and means for adj usting the distance between the pairs of rollers, said adjustment controlling the relationship of the lines corresponding to the direction of length of the bucket and of the support.

1. In excavating apparatus, a frame pivoted on a vertical axis, a bucket support piv oted thereto on a horizontal axis and having its outer side faces formed to provide a runway longitudinally of the support, an ex- :avating bucket having arms connected respectively to the top and bottom of the rear of the bucket, the lower arms extending rearwardly at an angle to place the rear ends at a point in rear of and spaced from the other arms, each of said arms carrying a roller, and adjustable connections between said arms.

5. In an excavating apparatus, an excavatin bucket having a bottom pivoted adjacent file front of the bucket and being provided with forwardly extending fingers, a catch device at the rear of the bucket and adapted to normally hold the bottom in place, and an operating pole rope connected to said catch device and adapted to release the bottom at will, said rope being also loosely connected to the bottom for the purpose of swinging the latter to its normal position after being opened.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature 4 in the presence of two witnesses.

LEROY I. CLUTTER.

Witnesses:

Max 11. SRoLovrr', Crnusrma T. Hoot).

Images