US629318A - Process of drying yarn. - Google Patents

Description

un. 62mmV l; A. GAGE. FBDCESS UF DRYING YARN.

Ptentad July 18,1899.

'(Applicaeinn med nur. 1x,1s99.

No Model.)

1 m l 1 l A l l l 1 I l A mw z Nonm's PETERS um Pumowma, wnsnwavou. wv c .UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD A. GAGE,y or PAwrU'cIrE'r, RHODE ISLAND.

PROCESS oF-DRYING YARN.1

SPECIFICATION forming'pare or Lettersratept no. 629,318, date July 18, 1899.

Application filed March l1, 1899. Serial No. '18,6.89. (N0 Specimens.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

I Be it known that I, RICHARD A. GAGE., a citizen of the United States,1residing at Pawtucket, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of' Yarn-Drying,of which thefollowing is a speciiication, referencebeing-had to the accompanying drawings. g

Like letters indicate likeparts.V

Figure lis a perspective viewof the apparatus which I use in my improved process of yarn-drying. Fig. 2 is afsection'al view ofthc same as seen online :c a: of Fig. V1; the yarnl' skeins and their supports, as also ,the several gas-pipes, being shown `in eleyation.- 'Y

My invention relates to processes of-dryingY yarn after the same has been colored by immersion in the dye-tub; and it consists in the exposure of such yarn (after the excess of moisture has been taken therefrom by pres.- sure or by the operation of an extractor) to the action of a highly-heatedl atmosphere within an inclosed chambervwhich -is provided' with proper heating means, supports, v and 1 dampers, so that the dyestutf is first' quickly dried to such a consistency that it ycannot extend down the skein by gravity, andthen Y subjecting it to alower degree of heat-ex` needing, however, 212o Fahrenheit, in order to drive out the remaining moisture inthe form of steam and to thoroughly `dry the yarn in position.

It has been common hitherto `to dry yarn p after it has been dyed byhanging the damp .skeins upon a bar or support vertically with! in a drying-room which is heatedby steampipes and which is provided with an exhaust; y fan to remove the steam arising fronithe dry.- i

,urated with the moisture arising from the drying yarn, the drying process is necessarily impaired, because the damp yarn cannot dry -as quickly inl-a damp atmosphere as in a dry one, and therefore the steam or damp hot air vmust be taken out of the drying-room by means of exhaust-fans or otherwise and fresh ow or gradually extend down the skein by gravity and to accumulate at and near the lower end of the skein, thus making the yarn uneven in color and more intensein shade at and near the bottom of the skein. To 4obvilate this diliculty, various devices have been employed-as, for, example, means to rotate the bars uponiwhich-the Vskeins are hung,

Vthus causing the yar-nto change its position gradually and regularly in the vertical plane; `but such rotating means require the expenditure of power for a considerable period of time.;` I have discovered that the operation of gravitywhich causes the downward iiow of the, dyeing liquor uponthe skeins may bearrested .and .the-fdyestuft may be dried .quickly and evenly in its place upon the yarn and all iiowor spreading of the dyestuff may be prevented by exposing the wet yarn while hanging in skeinsvertically upon a supporting-bar to the action, within a chamber, of an intense heat-about'retOOf Fahrenheit-for a short time until the dye liquor upon the yarnskeins is dried vto such a condition that it cannot tlow at all, and then to a lessintense heat, fexceeding, jhowever, 212o Fahrenheit,

by which the drying ofthe dye liquid is more slowly continued, b ut quite quickly completedand the moisture is driven oit as steam `through suitable dampers o r openings in said chamber. A

As the temperature of steam is 212o Fahren-- Vdrafts which are required to carry off the moisture evaporating from the damp skeins, it is necessary in order to provide for the quick drying of the yarn to use some other heating means than steam-pipes. I therefore n rE5 resort to the combustion of carbureted hy drogen or common illuminating-gas under pressure from pipes into which common atmospheric air flows and there mingles with said gas, thus producing an intense heat, which rapidly dries out the moisture of the damp skeins as steam. Instead, however, of using illuminating-gas it is evident that coaloil may be used in combination with atmospheric air to obtain the blue intense flame.

In my pending application for Letters Patent for an improved apparatus for drying yarn, Serial No.l 693,777, filed October 17,1898, and allowed February 7, 1899, I have shown and described the apparatus which embodies the best means known to me for the practice of my said invention. Said apparatus is described as follows:

A drying room or chamber A has a door B for entrance or exit.

C is an opening with a set of dampers d therein, operated by a knob e or otherwise.

D is 'an opening or window having a glass pane j", behind which, within the chamber, is kmounted a thermometer E.

A ventilator F is hinged at one side of the chamber A at the bottom and is arranged to swing outwardly. Vhen swung to lie in a vertical direction, it closes the space g. A

cord or chain h, fastened to an eye t' of the ventilator F and secured to a nail j, holds the ventilator in an elevated position.

Skein supporters or bars G are mounted loosely on brackets k within the chamber A and extend from side to side. The yarnskeins H are suspended on said bars G.

A gas-supply pipe I conveys common illuminating-gas (carbureted hydrogen) from the main under pressure to the apparatus. Said pipe I is connected to a straight pipe J by an elbow-joint Z. From the pipe J extenda number of pipes conducting gas into the chamber A. A T-pipe K receives the pipe .I and opens into a valve L, whose plug is operated, as usual, by the thumb piece or key M. The outer ends m and n of the two-way pipe P are open to the external atmosphere. A gasjet pipe Q is connected at one end with the pipe P, and its inner or opposite end is closed by the cap o. The pipe Q is supported at its inner end by a post or standard R from the oor of the chamber A. The pipe Q has a number of small openings near each other, through which the mingled air and gas passes in jets and is there ignited.

In Fig. 2 the dotted line s indicates a wire or slatted screen resting upon brackets t, which is useful for the drying of raw stock.

The yarn-skeins which have been immersed in the dye liquor and subjected to a squeezing or extracting process to remove the excess of moisture are hung in their wet condition upon the beams or supports Gr in the dry- `ing-chamber A,furnished with my apparatus. As soon as the gas-jets are lighted the openings B, C, d, and F of the chamber A are closed. .The burning mingled gas and air rapidly carry up the temperature within the closed chamber to the desired degree,fpref erably about 1:00c Fahrenheit, and fills said chamber with carbon dioxid (or carbonio anhydrid.) The 'affinity of water and carbon dioxid greatly facilitates the drying process.` TWhen the heat has risen to 212O Fahrenheit, the water passes from the yarnskeins in the form of steam and rises to the upper portions of the chamber. The heat still continuing to increase at a rapid rate first causes the dye liquor to dry in situ upon the yarn by ex tracting the moisture therefrom and so prevents it from flowing by gravity down the skein. It is desirableV to reach this stage of the process as soon as possible, and therefore the chamber should remain closed until this time. Then, as it is important not to subject the yarn any longer to such very intense heat, the dampers d at the top of the chamber are opened, and so the steam accumulated in the top of the chamber c escapes therefrom. Air is admitted through the lower ventilator F into the chamber a from without; but as it passes to the gas-dame before reaching the yarn-skeins said new'air is heated before acting upon them. By these means the temperature of the chamber is considerably reduced, preferably to about 30C)o Fahrenheit, or, if desired, to any other degree exceeding 212 Fahrenheit, and the yarn thereafter is more moderately dried, the moisture passing off in the form of steam. As soon as the yarn has become thoroughly dried (which may be determined by any suitable hygrometer within the chamber or by feeling or after some experience by the attendant in working this process by his own j udgment, based upon the lapse of time) the yarn is removed from the chamber and a new quantity is put in to be dried. oughly dried in about fifteen minutes and will be uniform in color and shade.

In yarn-drying as heretofore practiced the yarn has always been exposed to atmospheric air either in an inclosed room or chamber articially heated or in a room or chamber in which atmospheric air at its normal temperature circulates in currents or drafts produced by the natural movement of the air through suitable openings in the walls of the room orA chamber or by fans or other mechanical means. My improved process of yarn-drying herein described differs from all previous processes, because the atmosphere to which the yarn is exposed for drying is heavily charged with carbon dioxid, as well as intensely heated, and so is peculiarly adapted to extract and absorb the water from the wet skeins.

It is new in the art of yarn-drying to subject the yarn to a heat exceeding the temperature of steam heat either for the purpose of arresting the 'downward flow of the dye liquor upon the yarn or for any other purpose, and it is also new to vary the intensity of the heat within the drying-chamber, whereby the yarn is first and for a short time exposed to a very In this manner yarn can be thor- IOO IIO

intense heat in order to thicken the dye liquor and to arrest the downward ow of the dye liquor, as above lset forth, and then to a less v intense heat for the more moderate drying of the yarn at a temperature exceeding that of steam.

I claim as a novel and useful invention andA desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The improved process ofyarn-drying herein described consisting in the exposure of the yarn, when damp, to the direct action5 Within achamber, of an intensely-heated at- Y inosphere charged with carbon dioxid for a period of time sufdcient to arrest the downward ow 0 the dye liquor upon the yarn and then reducing the temperature within said chamber to a degree somewhat exceeding that of steam, thereby more moderately to complete heat,.within a chamber, suficient to arrest the downward low of the dye liquor upon the yarn and after said flow has been thus arrested, in reducing the temperature of said chamber 'suiiiciently to moderately complete the drying ofthe yarn, substantially as specied.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature 3o in presence of two witnesses.

e RICHARD A. GAGE.

` Witnesses:

GEORGE FARNELL, f WARREN R. PERGR.

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