US628436A - Stove. - Google Patents

Description

No. 628,436. Patented July 4, I899.

F. GIRTANNER.

(No llndel.)

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several views of the drawings.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK GIRTANNER, OF NElV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE SMOKELESS FUEL SAVING STOVE COMPANY.

STOVE.

SPECIFICATTON' forming part of Letters Patent No. 628,436, dated July 4, 1899.

Application filed February 5, 1898. Serial No 669,197. (No-model.)

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, FREDERICK GIR-TANNER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to improvements in downdraft-stoves adapted particularly for the consumption of bituminous or soft coals; and it has for its object to materially improve the construction of stoves of that class arranged to burn coal of the character set forth, particularly when self-fed, so

that such coal will not become unduly coked' and packed in the fire-pot or magazine, while the downward feed and complete consumption of the fuel will be insured.

To this end my invention consists, essentially, in a downdraft-stove comprising a firepot or magazine having a lateral opening at or near its bottom communicating with a fine leading to the chimney, afuel-support at the bottom of the fire-pot, and a plurality of airtubes extending downwardly from the top plate of the magazine or fire-pot from a point above the level of the fuel and adapted to direct jets of air toward said fuel for the consumption of the same, combined with means for conducting the air introduced through the fuel downwardlyand through the lateral opening at or near the bottom of the fire'pot or magazine.

The nature of my invention will best be understood when described in connection with the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a cooking-stove containing my improvements. Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation showing the stove provided with a detachable magazine or fire-pot. Fig. 4: is a similar elevation showing my improvements applied to a heating-stove.

Similar letters and numerals of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the Referring at present to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the letter A designates a stove or range adapted for cooking purposes and for heating water, the same being of any approved form or construction. The stove is provided with a fire-pot or magazine 11, preferablylocated at or near its front, which is closed by a suitable fuel-support 10, located at or near its bottom. A usual ash-pit 12 is provided below the fuel-support. The stove may be provided, as usual, with an oven 13 and with a water-back 30. The fire-pot or magazine 11 is formed with a rear wall let, the lower end of which has therein vertical slots forming lateral openings 15 for the passage of the products or gases of combustion to an upwardly-extending flue 16, which communicates with a horizontal flue 17, passing over the oven and connecting withasmoke or draft pipe 18, leading to the chimney. The top plate 19 of the firepot or magazine 11 is preferably arranged at a somewhat lower-level than the top 20 of the stove, and said top plate 19 is provided with a plurality of holes, through which is passed a number of downwardly-extending air-tubes 2, which lead and direct jets of air against the surface of the fuel in the fire-pot or magazine 11. These tubes are preferably made conical, so as to form a converging jet of air under the influence of the chimney or other draft, and consequently the action of each jet is to supply air against a particular point of the fuel, and in view thereof the combustion of fuel gradually rises vertically along the path of the downward current of air, with the result that a vertical hole is formed in the coal along the line of airsupply. The coal adjacent to such openings formed by the air-jets naturally moves laterally, and therefore the body of the fuel is being continually broken up or agitated and eaking or packing is positively prevented. The area of the openings at the upper ends of the air-tubes may be regulated by employing a damper or regulating-plate 3, formed with openings corresponding to those of the air-tubes, which plate may be moved to in-v crease or decrease the size of the openings of said tubes, as may be found necessary for the 9 proper regulation of combustion. The airtubes may be arranged in a straight line, or they may be staggered, or they may be arranged in any other preferred manner, depending largely on the general construction of the stove. The fire-pot or magazine ll is preferably made separate from the stove, and, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, thefront wall of the same may be provided with perforations 9, so that the heated air between it and the outer walls of the stove will be drawn through the fuel and thus assist combustion, while at the same time the outer walls of the stove are protected from the intense heat of the fire above the fuel-support.

, When stoves already constructed or in use are to be transformed into stoves adapted to burn soft coal, the fire-pot or magazine is made, as shown in Fig. 3, with a removable top plate 29, having the downwardly-projecting air-tubes 2, so that the attachment may be readily applied to the stove.

The fuel may be supplied to the fire-pot or magazine through a door 22, located, preferably, near the top of the fire-pot or magazine. In the present example I have shown a door adapted to open vertically and located at the top of a feed chute or spout 23, which latter conducts the .fuel into the fire-pot or magazine. It isof' course to he understood that the door could be placed directly at the top of the fire-pot or magazine.

WVhen an ordinary grate 10 is used as a f uel-'supportsuch, for instance, as shown in Fig. 1-it is preferable to provide a lower set of grate-bars 10 to receive any unconsumed fuel which may pass through the first grate,

while the space between the two sets of bars forms a combustion-chamber for the fuel. NVhen a solid grate 10, such as that shown in Fig. 3, is used, the second grate is not necessary, as the fuel is always maintained or held within the fire-pot or magazine.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the improvements are applied to a heating-stove B, wherein the self-feeding coal-magazine or fire-pot 11-say of conical tubular form and with the lateral openings 15is inserted into the stove upon the usual horizontal grate-bars 10. The fire-pot or magazine is provided with a removable cover-plate 29, carrying in a circular series the air-tubes 2, a circularly-arranged damper, a regulating-plate 3, and a deflector 33. With this fire-pot or magazine, which is also preferably removable, and thus independent of the sides of the stove, is combined a short fine 8, having on its rear a vertical partition 7 of, say, fire-brick, an overhanging deflecting-plate 6, and a lower or dumping plate 5. This flue S communicates with a main fine 4: and thence with the flue 18. The vertical partition 7 in use becomes more or less extremely hot, andvshould any 'unconsumed carbon in the form of smoke pass from the burning coal it will be burned in striking said partition, and hence the escape of smoke at the flue 18 be prevented. As more or less ashes may accumulate between the vertical grate-bars and the partition 7, the plate 5 is made a dumping-plate, so that the ashes may be dumped into the ash-pit.

In the case of the stove shown in Fig. 4 the coal will be fed by removing the removable cover-plate 29 or a portion thereof, as may be deemed desirable.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1,wherein an open grate 10 is used, the ash-pit door is arranged to substantially shut off the passage of air to the line 16, this being necessary to obtain a proper supply of air through the tubes 2 into and through the mass of fuel. In the construction shown in Fig. 3 this is not essential, as the fuel-support 10 is made imperforate and prevents an upward current of air.

In the construction shown in Fig. 4 the airtubes 2 are arranged contiguous to the wall of The top plate of the stove is preferably formed with an overhang provided with a curved deflecting plate or portion 23, extending over the air-tubes 2, so that the air will be deflected downwardly into the open ends of the air-tubes. (See Figs. 1, 2, and 3.)

The air-tubes 2 above referred to are designed to concentrate the inflowing air and to deliver it in the form of jets or blasts upon the top of the fuel in the fire-pot or magazine 11. They are for this reason advisably made of tapering or conical form, so as to receive a relatively large supply of air and to condense or concentrate it, and thereby increase the force or pressure with which it is projected upon or against the fuel. In other words, the air enters the fire-pot or magazine in a series of jets or blasts, and in this respect the tubes are to be distinguished from bulbs, trunks, or other devices which serve rather to diffuse than to concentrate the incoming air to individual points. It is by reason of this concentration or blast-like action of the air atindividual points judiciously distributed that the high efficiency and perfect combustion of the fuel are attained. Hence the distribution noted is one of importance.

What I claim as new is- 1. In a downdraft-stove, the combination of a fire-pot or magazine having a lateral opening at or near its bottom communicating with a fine leading to the chimney, a fuel-support at the bottom of the fire-pot or magazine, and a plurality of air-tubes extendingdownwardly from the top of the fire-pot from a plane above the level of the fuel and adapted to direct jets of air toward the fuel for its combustion; all constructed for the purpose ofconducting the air and the products of combustion downwardly through the fuel and through the lateral opening in the fire-pot or magazine under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

2. In a downdraft-stove, the combination of a fire-pot or magazine having a lateral openin g at or near its bottom communicating with the fuel and through the lateral opening in 1 aflue leading to the chimney,-a fuel-support at the bottom of the fire-pot or magazine, and a plurality of air-tubes arranged contiguous to the wall of the fire-pot or magazine and extending downwardly from the top of the firepot or magazine to direct jets of air into the fuel in close proximity to the walls of the said fire-pot or magazine for the combustion of said fuel; all constructed for the purpose of conducting the air and the products of combustion downwardly through the fuel and through the lateralopening in the fire-pot or magazine under the influence of the draft and to prevent the formation of clinker-s on the walls of the fire-pot or magazine, substantially as described.

3. In a downdraft-stove, the combination of a removable fire-pot or magazine having a lateral opening at or near its bottom communicating with a flue leading to the chimney, a fuel-support at the bottom ofthe fire-pot or magazine, and a pluralityof air-tubes extending downwardly from the top plate of the fire-pot from a plane above the level of the fuel and adapted to direct jets of air toward the fuel for its combustion; all constructed for the purpose of conducting theair and the products of combustion downwardly through the fire-pot or magazine under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

4:. In a downdraft-stove, the combination of a fire-pot or magazine having a lateral open ing at or nearits bottom communicating with a flue leading to the chimney, a fuel-support at the bottom of the fire-pot or magazine, a plurality of air-tubes extending downwardly from the top plate of the fire-pot from a; plane above the level of the fuel and adapted to direct jets of air toward the fuel for its combustion, and an uptake 16 contiguous to the walls of the fire-pot or magazine; all constructed for the purpose of conducting the air and the products of combustion downwardly through the fuel and through the lateral opening in the fire-pot or magazine under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

5. In a downdraft-stove, the combination of a fire-pot or magazine havinga lateral opening at or near its bottomcommunicating with a flue leadingto the chimney, a fuel-support at the bottom of the fire-pot or magazine, a plurality of air-tubes extending downwardly from the top of the fire-pot or magazine to direct jets of air into the fuel, and an ash-pit normally closed off from the external air to prevent an upward draft; all constructed for the purpose of conducting the air and the prodnets of combustion downwardly through the downwardly through the fuel under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK GIRTANNER.

W'itnesses:

GEORGE E. BRUNDAGE, E. P. HENDRICKSON.

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