US626524A - Device for proving addition - Google Patents

Description

C. H. BUEHL.

DEVICE FOR PRDVING ADDITION.

(Applicltion led July 28, 1898 2 Sheets-Shut I.

(No Model.)

No. 626,524. Patented Iune 6, |899.

C. H. BDEHL.

DEVICE FOR PBDVING ADDITION.

(Application 1ed Ju1y 28, 1898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

O G 0 0 0 O O 0 0 0 0 O 0 O 0 UNITED STATES PA rENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. BOEHL, OF GRAND ISLAND, NEBRASKA.

DEVICE FOR PROVING ADDITION.

SPECIFICATION fOlmng part 0f Letters Patent NO. 626,524, dated yJ' une 6, 1899.

Application filedv .Tuly 28,1898. Serial No. 687129. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Grand-Island, in the county of Hall and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Proving Addition; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use ILhe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked' thereon, which form part of this specification.

. Figure lis a perspective view of the device complete. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same with the slotted front plate removed. Fig. 3 is a view of the slotted front plate detached. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of inside grooved guide-block and the rollers, one of the rollers being slightly removed from the block. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the complete device from front to rear on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view from side to side on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a View of the perforated strip before it is made into a belt by sticking its ends together.

Like letters of reference mark the same parts wherever they occur in the various figures of the drawings.

My invention relates to calculatingmachines,and has for its object to provide acheap and simple device whereby the results of adding operations may be mechanically tested by the rule known as casting out the nines.

With this object in View my invention consists in a machine of this class, the construction, arrangement, and combination of the parts of which will be first fully described hereinafter, the particular points of novelty therein being specifically set forth in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings by letters of reference, A indicates a box or case rectangular in shape, the top of which is omitted, and instead thereof a plate B, slidable in grooves in the inner surfaces of the sides of the case, serves to cover the interior mechanism.

C indicates a block rectangular in outline, secured centrally in the case by screws D, leaving a space around it at the front, rear, and ends. This block is provided in each end iirst groove F' being one space in length, the

second one F2 two spaces, the third F3 three spaces, and so on, increasing one space for each groove to the last one F9, which is nine spaces in length.

The sliding plate B is provided with slots G' G2 G3 G4 G5 GG G7 G8 G9, which when the plate is in position correspond in length and register with the grooves in the block C. The plate B is also provided with a slot or opening H, which when the parts are in operative position is in line with the space between two adjacent grooves in the block C and two adjacent slots in the plate B, being shown in this instance as in line with the space between grooves F4 and F5 and slots G4 and G5, although it would do equally Well in line with the space between any other pair of grooves andslots.

I indicates an endless belt, of paper or other suitable iiexible fabric, which is mounted around the block C and rollers D2 D3, occupying the space left in the case A around the block and rollers, said belt being formed by securing together the opposite ends of the strip I. the strip I before joining the ends is proved with nine longitudinallyarranged rows of perforations, as at J J2J5J4 J5J5J5J8J9,Which are parallel with each other and with the edges of the belt and when the parts are all assembled in operative relation are in line with the corresponding numbered grooves of block C and slots of plate B. There are twenty-seven perforations in eachrow, and in the space between rows J 4 and J 5 the perforations are numbered in three seriesfrom l to 9 in each series.

Secured between the sides of the case A, at the top, is a front cross-bar K, which partially conceals the plate B and covers the upper ends of the slots therein, such cross-bar being (Shown in Fig. 7.) The belt I and IOO are added and the sum total placed at the' bottom. The digits of each number are now added from left to right and the sum of the digits placedein a column to the right. The

numbers in this column are divided by nine, I and the remainders, if any, are placed in an# other column to the right-as, for instance,

2375. i7'. .s 4682. .20. .2 37754..19..1 9630. .18. .O

sonnet In Athis problem it will be noticed that the re'- s'ult after casting out the nines is as shown in the last column, Much of this `operation is done mentally, and the nrst column to the right is' unnecessary, being only given to more Clearly illustrate the method, It will be seen that the sum of the digits of the numbers to be added when themselves to be added give seventyfour as a result, which is eight times nine and two remainder, and the operation is proven to be correct, because the sum or 'the digits of the sum total gives the saine remainder (after casting out the nines) as the sum of the digits of the various numbers gives, as in the last 'column to the right. Y

This method of proof requires considerable mental effort, and errors are liable to creep in. It is to avoid the possibility of error that my device is intended, and its operationrin proving the foregoing operation `may be "de scribed'as follows: The parts being assembled as before described and as illustrated in begin with, he takes the problem, adds the 1v', with the -9 Vshowing through opening H, the operator takes a pencil or other pointed instrument v'and places it in the perforation at the top of row J2 (indicated by 2 on the cross-board) and moves it downward, carrying the belt along with it two spaces untily stopped by the bottom of slot G2. This dispo's'es of the digit 2 of the number 2375, andthe operation is continued until each of the c3 n :U7 77 :'45 13H4 n :c 6 n HS n c2 n Y o 7 7 J 1 a l a (#3777 ((7,77 i, 64,77 (C 9,77 l 6,77 ((377 similarly disposed oi", when he finds that the ii-gure 2,7 indicating a remainder `oi" two af'- ter 'casting out the nines, will appear through As this agrees with the total .l obtained by adding in the usual way, as be- I fore described, and castingout the ninesfrom the opening H.

digits of the first number mentally, the result being 17, which after castingl out nine remains 8. This indicates the first move, and the operator places his point'in the upper perforation in row J8A (indicated by 8 on the cross-bar)` and moves it downward, carrying the belt along eight spaces, until stopped by the bottom of slot G8. His next move will be to mentally add the digits of the second number, 4682, the result being 20,which after casting out the nines leaves a remainder 2, He now places his pointeriirthe top perforation in row J2 and moves it down to the bottom of slot G2, moving the belt two 'more spaces. The next number, 3754,subjected to the saine mental process leaves a remainder of l, which requires hi'n to place his pointer in the top Yperforation of r'o'w J and to move it to bottom of slot G', moving the beltone space. The last number, 9630, leavingno remainder after adding the digits and casting out the nines, requires no operation on the machine. Now by adding the digits in the sum total, 2044-1, he finds ll, which "after casting vout the nines leavesa remainder of 2. If this agrees with thenuin'- ber now showing' through the opening H, the operation is correct. .Y

While considerable space `isr'ieeessary to describe 'these operations, in practice it is 'very SlAlOlt, Simple, Vand inellani''ally C'Culat-, fr'the whole operation requiring 'only the simple mental addition of each number and dividing the vsum of the digits by ini-ne and the three simple moves on the machine, and my machine will b'e found to be a great assistance to persons having many problems in addition to work ont.

The machine is extremely 'simplein construction, cheap to make, 'and quick, easy, and accurate in operation.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and 'desire to secure by Letters Patent of vthe United States, is#- 1. The combination, with la case and 'two rol-1ers mounted at the top and bottom thereof,jof an endless belt around said rollers provided with nin-e long-itu'di'nally-arranged rows of per'forati'onrs, 'the number of perforations Tin IOC IIC

each row being a multiple of nine, and a covering-'plate placed over'the belt provided with nine slots, 'each located in line with a row of perforations in the belt 'and the slots being graduated in length increasing regular-ly from the first slot 'which is of the length lof one space between the 'perforations 'of 'each row, to the last slot, which is nine spaces 4in length, substantial-ly as described.

A 12. The combination, of the case, the block therein grooves at each lend'and having nine parallelgrooves in its front fa'ce,.the i'olls pivoted in the sides of the vcase at each end of the block, the `endless belt having one row'of figures and nine longitudinal rows of perforations surrounding the block and rolls, and the plate covering the face of the belt and having the nine slots, in line with the rows of perforations, and provided with the opening for eX- posing one of the row of figures on the belt, the perforations of each row being one space apart and in number a multiple of nine, and the nine grooves in the block and nine slots in the plate being of graduated length in creasing regularly from one space in length for the rst on the left, to nine spaeesin length for the last on the right substantially as de- 1o scribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I afx my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES H. BOEHL.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR C. MAYER, A. H. REHDER. l

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